Block 7 Male Female Repro MCQ's

Anti-Mullerian hormone is responsible for the regression of the structures that would otherwise form the uterus in male fetal development. This hormone inhibits the development of the Mullerian ducts, which are responsible for the formation of the uterus and other female reproductive structures. Therefore, the presence of anti-Mullerian hormone prevents the development of these structures in males.

During puberty in males, there is an increase in the frequency and amplitude of release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. LH and FSH then act on the testes to stimulate the production of testosterone and sperm, leading to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and fertility. Therefore, the increased frequency and amplitude of GnRH release is the pivotal change that defines the onset of puberty in males.

Failure to develop sinovaginal bulbs results in a short and atretic vagina. The sinovaginal bulbs are embryonic structures that give rise to the lower part of the vagina. If these bulbs fail to develop properly, it can lead to a shortened and closed-off vagina, known as a short and atretic vagina. This condition can cause difficulties with sexual intercourse and may require surgical intervention to correct.

The uterus is formed from the caudal part of the paramesonephric ducts. During embryonic development, the paramesonephric ducts, also known as the Müllerian ducts, give rise to the female reproductive system, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and upper part of the vagina. The caudal part of the paramesonephric ducts specifically develops into the uterus.

The septa within each testis that separates the different compartments of seminiferous tubules are derived from the tunica albuginea. The tunica albuginea is a dense fibrous capsule that surrounds the testis and extends inward to form septa, which divide the testis into lobules. These septa provide structural support and organization to the seminiferous tubules, where spermatogenesis takes place. The other options listed are not directly involved in the formation of the septa within the testis.

When both testes fail to develop, it results in a condition called testicular dysgenesis. In this condition, the absence of testes leads to the absence of testosterone production, which is responsible for the development of male external genitalia. Therefore, in this scenario, the external genitalia will not develop into the male type.

The correct answer is penis surrounding penile urethra. The labia minora in females and the penis surrounding penile urethra in males are derived from the same embryonic structures. During embryonic development, the genital tubercle forms and can differentiate into either the clitoris or the penis, depending on the presence or absence of certain hormones. The labia minora in females are homologous to the penis surrounding penile urethra in males, as they both develop from the same structure.

Hydrometrocolpos

Paroophoron is the correct answer because it is the homologue of the paradidymis. The paroophoron is a vestigial structure found in females that is equivalent to the paradidymis in males. Both structures develop from the same embryonic tissue and have similar functions. Therefore, the paroophoron is the homologue of the paradidymis.

Rete testis: --from medullary/testis cords (primitive sex cords)
Ductuli efferentes: -- from the remaining parts of excretory tubules of mesonephros
Ductus deferens& ductus epididymis: -- from the mesonephric/wollfian duct.

Vestigial structures in male:
Appendix epididymis
Paradidymis
Prostatic utricle
Appendix testis
(slide 25 Male femal repro-Yin)

Mesonephric duct is from 2nd kidney system, which is from intermediate mesoderm.