The heart is the most important organ in the body and this being said as an aspiring cardiologist you are expected to ace your upcoming exam of cardio physiology to show just how attentive you have been in class and how equipped you are for the practice. Do give this block 3 cardio physiology part 1 exam and be better prepared for the finals
Sinoatrial node
Atrial muscle cells
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
Ventricular muscle cells
Na+ channels
Cl- channels
Ca2+ channels
K+ channels
HCO3- channels
An increase in K+ conductance
An increase in Na+ conductance
A decrease in C1- conductance
A decrease in Ca2+ conductance
Simultaneous increases in K+ and C1- conductances
Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Phase 0
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
Phase 4
Atrial systole
Isovolumetric ventricular contraction
Rapid ventricular ejection
Reduced ventricular ejection
Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
PR interval
QRS complex
QT interval
ST segment
T wave
25%
50%
75%
100%
125%
Cardiac output
End-diastolic volume
End-systolic volume
Heart rate
Pulse pressure
3.45 L/min
4.55 L/min
5.25 L/min
8.00 L/min
9.85 L/min
Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
Vibrations in the ventricular wall during systole
Ventricular filling
Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
Retrograde flow in the vena cava
Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves
Vibrations in the ventricular wall during systole
Ventricular filling
Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves
Retrograde flow in the vena cava
The aortic valve closes before the pulmonic valve
The pulmonic valve closes before the aortic valve
The mitral valve closes before the tricuspid valve
The tricuspid valve closes before the mitral valve
Filling of the ventricles has fast and slow components
3.2 L/min
16 L/min
32 L/min
54 L/min
160 ml/min
The contraction is slower
The wall is thicker
The stroke volume is greater
The preload is greater
The afterload is greater
Decreased heart rate
Increased contractility
Decreased total peripheral resistance (TPR)
Decreased cardiac output
Increased PR intervals
The sympathetic nervous system on splanchnic arterioles
The parasympathetic nervous system on skeletal muscle arterioles
Local metabolites on skeletal muscle arterioles
Local metabolites on cerebral arterioles
Histamine on skeletal muscle arterioles
They have the greatest surface area
They have the greatest cross-sectional area
The velocity of blood flow through them is the highest
The velocity of blood flow through them is the lowest
They have the greatest resistance
The highest pressure measured in the arteries
The lowest pressure measured in the arteries
Measured only during diastole
Determined by stroke volume
Decreased when the capacitance of the arteries decreases
Aorta
Central vein
Pulmonary artery
Right atrium
Renal artery
Atrial systole
Isovolumetric ventricular contraction
Rapid ventricular ejection
Reduced ventricular ejection
Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation
Runoff of blood from the aorta to the arteries
Venous return to the atria
Filling of the ventricles
Contraction of the ventricles
Repolarization of the ventricles
Arteriovenous O2 difference
Heart rate
Cardiac output
Pulse pressure
Total peripheral resistance (TPR)
Does not operate in the failing heart
Does not operate during exercise
Explains the increase in heart rate produced by exercise
Explains the increase in cardiac output that occurs when venous return is increased
Explains the increase in cardiac output when the sympathetic nerves supplying the heart are stimulated
Wait!
Here's an interesting quiz for you.