1.
A 32-year-old patient who weighed 275 pounds came to doctor's office. On the surface
of the chest, a physician was able to locate the apex of the heart:
A. 
At the level of the sternal angle
B. 
In the left fourth intercostal space
C. 
In the left fifth intercostal space
D. 
In the right fifth intercostal space
E. 
At the level of the xiphoid process of the sternum
2.
A 43-year-old female patient has been lying down on the hospital bed for more than 4
months. Her normal, quiet expiration is achieved by contraction of which of the following
structures?
A. 
Elastic tissue in the lungs and thoracic wall
B. 
Serratus posterior superior muscles
C. 
D. 
Serratus anterior muscles
E. 
3.
A 23-year-old man received a gunshot wound and his greater splanchnic nerve was
destroyed. Which of the following nerve fibers would be injured?
A. 
General somatic afferent (GSA) and preganglionic sympathetic fibers
B. 
General visceral afferent (GVA) and postganglionic sympathetic fibers
C. 
GVA and preganglionic sympathetic fibers
D. 
General somatic efferent (GSE) and postganglionic sympathetic fibers
E. 
4.
A 17-year-old boy was involved in gang fighting and a stab wound severed the white
rami communicantes at the level of his sixth thoracic vertebra. This injury would_result in
degeneration of nerve cell bodies in which of the following structures?
A. 
Dorsal root ganglion and anterior horn of the spinal cord
B. 
Sympathetic chain ganglion and dorsal root ganglion
C. 
Sympathetic chain ganglion and posterior horn of the spinal cord
D. 
Dorsal root ganglion and lateral horn of the spinal cord
E. 
Anterior and lateral horns of the spinal cord
5.
A 27-year-old cardiac patient with an irregular heartbeat visited her doctor's office for examination. Where should the physician place the stethoscope to listen to the sound of the
mitral valve?
A. 
Over the medial end of the second left intercostal space
B. 
Over the medial end of the second right intercostal space
C. 
In the left fourth intercostal space at the midclavicular line
D. 
In the left fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line
E. 
Over the right half of the lower end of the body of the sternum
6.
A 19-year-old man came to the emergency department and his angiogram exhibited that
he was bleeding from the vein that is accompanied by the posterior interventricular artery.
Which of the following veins is most likely to be ruptured?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
Oblique veins of the left atrium
7.
A 37-year-old patient with palpitation was examined by her physician, and one of the diagnostic records included a posterior-anterior chest x-ray film. Which of the following comprise the largest portion of the sternocostal surface of the heart seen on the radiograph?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
8.
A 7-year-old boy has a damaged interventricular septum. Which of the following valves
is most likely defective?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
9.
A 54-year-old patient is implanted with an artificial cardiac pacemaker. Which of the following conductive tissues of the heart had a defective function that required the pacemaker?
A. 
Atrioventricular (AV) bundle
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
10.
A thoracic surgeon removed the right middle lobar (secondary) bronchus along with
lung tissue from a 57-year-old heavy smoker with lung cancer. Which of the following bronchopulmonary segments must contain cancerous tissues?
A. 
B. 
C. 
Anterior basal and medial basal
D. 
Anterior basal and posterior basal
E. 
Lateral basal and posterior basal
11.
The bronchogram of a 45-year-old female smoker shows the presence of a tumor in the
eparterial bronchus. Which airway is most likely blocked?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
12.
An 83-year-old man with a typical coronary circulation has been suffering from an embolism
of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. This condition would result in ischemia of
which of the following areas of the heart?
A. 
Anterior part of the left ventricle
B. 
Anterior interventricular region
C. 
Posterior interventricular region
D. 
Posterior part of the left ventricle
E. 
Anterior part of the right ventricle
13.
A 44-year-old man with a stab wound was brought to the emergency department and a
physician found that the patient was suffering from a laceration of his right phrenic nerve.
Which of the following conditions has likely occurred?
A. 
Injury to only general somatic efferent fibers
B. 
C. 
Loss of sensation in the pericardium and mediastinal pleura
D. 
Normal function of the diaphragm
E. 
Loss of sensation in the costal part of the diaphragm
14.
An 8-year-old boy with atrial septal defect presents to a pediatrician. This congenital
heart defect shunts blood from the left atrium to the right atrium and causes hypertrophy of
the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary trunk. Which of the following veins
opens into the hypertrophied atrium?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
15.
A 37-year-old patient with severe chest pain, shortness of breath, and congestive heart
failure was admitted to a local hospital. His coronary angiograms reveal a thrombosis in
the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. Which of the following conditions could
result from the blockage of blood flow in the circumflex branch?
A. 
Tricuspid valve insufficiency
B. 
Mitral valve insufficiency
C. 
Ischemia of atrioventricular (AV) node
D. 
Paralysis of pectinate muscle
E. 
Necrosis of septomarginal trabecula
16.
A 75-year-old patient has been suffering from lung cancer located near the cardiac notch,
a deep indentation on the lung. Which of the following lobes is most likely to be excised?
A. 
Superior lobe of the right lung
B. 
Middle lobe of the right lung
C. 
Inferior lobe of the right lung
D. 
Superior lobe of the left lung
E. 
Inferior lobe of the left lung
17.
A thoracentesis is performed to aspirate an abnormal accumulation of fluid in a 37-yearold
patient with pleural effusion. A needle should be inserted at the midaxillary line between
which of the following two ribs so as to avoid puncturing the lung?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
18.
A 6-year-old boy with tetralogy of Fallot shows the pulmonary stenosis and the right
ventricular hypertrophy in addition to other symptoms. Which of the following structures
is likely found in the hypertrophied heart chamber?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
Valve of the coronary sinus
19.
A 33-year-old patient is suffering from a sudden occlusion at the origin of the descending
(thoracic) aorta. This condition would most likely decrease blood flow in which of the
following intercostal arteries?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
20.
A 56-year-old patient recently suffered a myocardial infarction in the area of the apex of
the heart. The occlusion by atherosclerosis is in which of the following arteries?
A. 
B. 
Right coronary artery at its origin
C. 
Anterior interventricular artery
D. 
Posterior interventricular artery
E. 
Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery
21.
A 75-year-old woman was admitted to a local hospital, and bronchograms and radiographs
revealed a lung carcinoma in her left lung. Which of the following structures are
characteristics of the cancerous lung?
A. 
B. 
Groove for superior vena cava
C. 
D. 
E. 
Larger capacity than the right
22.
An 18-year-old girl is thrust into the steering wheel while driving. Which of the following
muscles is most likely damaged?
A. 
B. 
Innermost intercostal muscle
C. 
External intercostal muscle
D. 
E. 
Muscles of the abdominal wall
23.
A 78-year-old patient presents with an advanced cancer in the posterior mediastinum.
The surgeons are in a dilemma as to how to manage the condition. Which of the following
structures is most likely damaged?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
24.
A 46-year-old patient comes to his doctor's office and complains of chest pain and
headache. His computed tomography (CT) scan reveals a tumor located just superior to
the root of the right lung. Blood flow in which of the following veins is most likely blocked by
this tumor?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
Right brachiocephalic vein
E. 
Accessory hemiazygos vein
25.
A 21-year-old patient with a stab wound reveals a laceration of the right vagus nerve
near the trachea in the superior mediastinum. Which of the following conditions would most
likely be resulted from this lesion?
A. 
Loss of sensation carried by the recurrent laryngeal nerve
B. 
Vasodilation of coronary arteries
C. 
Dilation of the bronchial lumen
D. 
E. 
Injury to parasympathetic preganglionic fibers