Block 1 Mini 1/2 Embr Week 2 And 3 Develop

21 Questions | By Chachelly | Last updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Total Attempts: 301

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Block 1 Mini 1/2 Embr Week 2 And 3 Develop - Quiz

Questions and Answers

1.

Development of which of the following structures is most dependent on Hox genes?
- A.
  
  Notochord
- B.
  
  Limbs
- C.
  
  Primitive streak
- D.
  
  Neural crest cells
- E.
  
  Chorion
2.

Embryonic stem cells are usually prepared by dissociation of which structure followed by culturing of its cells?
- A.
  
  Morula
- B.
  
  Epiblast
- C.
  
  Embryoblast
- D.
  
  Trophoblast
3.

During the 3^rd week of development
- A.
  
  The embryonic disk is composed of two layers
- B.
  
  The intermediate mesoderm forms the heart
- C.
  
  The endodermal layer migrates into the primitive streak to form the somites
- D.
  
  The endodermal layer gives rise to the simple columnar cells lining the stomach
- E.
  
  The cardiogenic area lies at the base of the primitive streak
4.

Which of the following is derived from neural crest ?
- A.
  
  Gonads
- B.
  
  Buccopharyngeal membrane
- C.
  
  Cardiogenic area
- D.
  
  Somites of the back
- E.
  
  Medullary region of the adrenal gland
5.

Which of the following is derived from neural crest cells?
- A.
  
  Bones of the arm
- B.
  
  Cartilage of the trachea
- C.
  
  Simple columnar cells of the stomach
- D.
  
  Melanocytes of the skin
- E.
  
  Epidermis of skin
6.

Which of the following groupings is INCORRECT?
- A.
  
  Telencephalon, lateral ventricles, cerebral cortex
- B.
  
  Colliculi, cerebral aqueduct, tectum
- C.
  
  Fourth ventricle, myelencephalon, pons
- D.
  
  Hypothalamus, third ventricle, optic vesicles
- E.
  
  Rathke’s pouch, infundibulum, hypophysis
7.

A newborn infant is diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome. This syndrome can have differing presentations but generally includes parathyroid hypoplasia, thymic hypoplasia, cardiac outflow tract defects and craniofacial abnormalities. Which of the following neurological insults do you think could cause this anomaly?
- A.
  
  Failure of cranial neuropore to close
- B.
  
  Hydrocephalus
- C.
  
  Abnormal histogenesis in the spinal cord
- D.
  
  Teratogenic insult to neural crest cells
- E.
  
  Spina bifida with meningomyelocele
8.

Which germ layer will give rise to stratified cuboidal epithelium which lines the ducts of sweat glands?
- A.
  
  Endoderm
- B.
  
  Mesoderm
- C.
  
  Ectoderm
- D.
  
  Neural crest cells
9.

Which of the following statements about amniotic fluid is INCORRECT?
- A.
  
  Amniotic fluid is primarily derived from maternal blood
- B.
  
  A reduced volume of amniotic fluid is called Oligohydramnios
- C.
  
  The fetus contributes urine to the amniotic fluid
- D.
  
  Amniotic fluid contains nutrients and is the main nutritional support for the fetus
- E.
  
  The fetus swallows its own amniotic fluid which is important for maintaining the correct volume of fluid in the amnion
10.

Which of the following is derived from intermediate mesoderm?
- A.
  
  Gonads
- B.
  
  Buccopharyngeal membrane
- C.
  
  Cardiogenic area
- D.
  
  Somites of the back
- E.
  
  Medullary region of the adrenal gland
11.

During the 3rd week of development
- A.
  
  The embryonic disk is composed of two layers
- B.
  
  The endodermal layer gives rise to the skin
- C.
  
  The endodermal layer migrates into the primitive streak to form the somites
- D.
  
  The intermediate mesoderm forms the kidneys and gonads
- E.
  
  The cardiogenic area lies at the base of the primitive streak
12.

Which of the following is derived from neural crest cells?
- A.
  
  Bones of the arm
- B.
  
  Cartilage of the trachea
- C.
  
  Simple columnar cells of the stomach
- D.
  
  Parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland
- E.
  
  Epidermis of skin
13.

Ectopia cordis or Pentalogy of Cantrell is a congenital malformation of the anterior body wall that includes a defect of the lower sternum, a deficient anterior diaphragm, and a heart that lies outside the chest. This condition is primarily a defect in what embryological process?
- A.
  
  Formation of the intraembryonic coelom
- B.
  
  Lateral folding
- C.
  
  Formation of the intermediate mesoderm
- D.
  
  Longitudinal folding
- E.
  
  Formation of the head fold
14.

Through which blood vessel does the most oxygenated blood flow to supply the fetus?
- A.
  
  Umbilical artery
- B.
  
  Pulmonary artery
- C.
  
  Aorta
- D.
  
  Femoral artery
- E.
  
  Internal carotid artery
15.

During Stage 3 of labor, the placenta separates at which layer from the uterus?
- A.
  
  Spongy layer of the decidua basalis
- B.
  
  At the chorionic plate
- C.
  
  Between the chorion and the amnion
- D.
  
  Between the smooth chorion (chorion leave) and the decidua parietalis
- E.
  
  At the umbilical cord
16.

Nerve tracts running through the caudal medulla develop ventral to the sulcus limitans and eventually form the pyramids. Based on the position of their embryological development, the functional association of the pyramids is
- A.
  
  Somatic sensory
- B.
  
  Visceral sensory
- C.
  
  Special sensory
- D.
  
  Motor
- E.
  
  Sympathetic
17.

Which of the following is a derivative of the epaxial musculature?
- A.
  
  Rectus abdominis
- B.
  
  Pectoralis major
- C.
  
  Sternocleidomastoid
- D.
  
  Inner intercostal
- E.
  
  Rectus capitis posterior minor
18.

A woman goes for her routine triple test at 18 weeks gestation. The α-fetoprotein level is 26 micrograms/ml (normal < 10 micrograms/ml). This prompts an ultrasound scan to be performed. The results are shown in the scan image below. Below is a list of conditions that are commonly associated with this malformation, EXCEPT one. Which of these conditions would you NOT expect to see in this patient?
- A.
  
  Saddle anesthesia
- B.
  
  Hydrocephalus
- C.
  
  Sphincter paralysis
- D.
  
  Arnold-Chiari malformation
- E.
  
  Acrania
19.

A newborn infant is diagnosed with DiGeorge syndrome. This syndrome can have differing presentations but generally includes parathyroid hypoplasia, thymic hypoplasia, cardiac outflow tract defects and craniofacial abnormalities. Which of the following neurological insults do you think could cause this anomaly?
- A.
  
  Failure of cranial neuropore to close
- B.
  
  Hydrocephalus
- C.
  
  Abnormal histogenesis in the spinal cord
- D.
  
  Teratogenic insult to neural crest cells
- E.
  
  Spina bifida occulta
20.

Which of the following statements regarding the neuropores is CORRECT?
- A.
  
  The cranial neuropore closes on the 27th day of gestation
- B.
  
  A fetus with anencephaly caused by a failure of the cranial neuropore to close can also result in oligohydramnios
- C.
  
  The caudal neuropore closes on the 25th day of development
- D.
  
  The cranial and the caudal neuropore close simultaneously around the 26th day of development
- E.
  
  Prior to closure of the neurpores the neural tube is in open communication with the surrounding amniotic fluid
21.

The newborn in the photograph displays a cystic mass in the lumbar region. Analysis of the cyst reveals the presence of nerve tissue within the cystic sac. What is the name given to this type of congenital defect?
- A.
  
  Spina bifida with meningomyleocele
- B.
  
  Spina bifida occulta
- C.
  
  Spina bifida with meningocele
- D.
  
  Spina bifida with rachiscisis
- E.
  
  Spina bifia cystica