Biology Final Part II
- 1.Succulents are plants that:
- A.
Excrete salts by way of salt glands
- B.
Lose water and salts
- C.
Accumulate water in their tissues
- 2.The infauna of mud flats feed mostly on:
- A.
Detritus
- B.
Plankton
- C.
Filter feeders
- 3.Blood rich in hemglobin is an adaptation to:
- A.
Fluctuating salinities
- B.
Wide variations in temperature
- C.
Low oxygen concentrations
- 4.Zonation in an estuary is made evident by:
- A.
Large number of worms in the mud
- B.
Presence of different species along different horizontal levels in relation to tides
- C.
Tide pools along mud flats
- 5.The zonation of plants in marshes is determined mostly by:
- A.
Temperature fluctuations
- B.
Geographical location
- C.
Height of the tide
- 6.The food web in salt marsh communities is characterized by high primary production. Most of this production is made available to other communities in the form of:
- A.
Plant tissue eaten by grazers
- B.
Detritus
- C.
Plant tissue eaten by filter feeders
- 7.The goegraphical distribution of mangrove forests is mostly determined by:
- A.
Salinity
- B.
Type of sediment
- C.
Temperature
- 8.Mangroves belong to one of the following groups:
- A.
Flowering plants
- B.
Green algae
- C.
Brown algae
- 9.Mangrove forests are considered a stage in the ecological succession between marine and terrestrial communities due to the fact that they:
- A.
Live mostly above water
- B.
Serve as a nesting place for birds`
- C.
Accumulate sediment in their roots
- 10.Outwelling in estuaries is most important since it:
- A.
Maintains high primary production
- B.
Provides food and nutrients to other communities
- C.
Releases much oxygen
- 11.Reef-building corals are cnidarians that are characterized by
- A.
Having both a polyp and medusa stage
- B.
Lacking netocysts
- C.
Having only a polyp stage
- 12.Hermatypic corals are those that:
- A.
Only live in tropical waters
- B.
Are non reef builders
- C.
Have zooxanthellae
- 13.Planula is the name given to:
- A.
Coral larvae
- B.
The coral skeleton
- C.
Zooxanthallae
- 14.Zooxanthallae are essential to reef-building corals because the:
- A.
Provide the coral with carbon dioxide
- B.
Filter out harmful solar raditaion
- C.
Help in the deposition of the skeleton
- 15.The mesenterial filaments of corals are important because they:
- A.
Help deposit the skeleton
- B.
Secrete digestive enzymes
- C.
Produce mucus
- 16.Sources of food and other essential nutrients for corals include all of the following except:
- A.
Nutrients released by the zooxanthallae
- B.
Calcium carbonate from shells
- C.
Zooplankton captured by tentacles
- 17.The most important organisms that help form coral reefs, other than reef-building corals, are:
- A.
Sponges
- B.
Corraline algae
- C.
Molluscs
- 18.Practically all of the sediment that accumulates in a coral reef is of what type?
- A.
Biogenous
- B.
Monogenous
- C.
Heterogenous
- D.
I don't give a crap
- 19.Reef building corals grow only in shallow water because:
- A.
Salinity varies less in shallow water
- B.
Zooxanthallae need light for photosynthesis
- C.
Nutrients concentrate in shallow water
- 20.The expulsion ofzooxanthallae due to unfavorable conditions is called?
- A.
Exflagellation
- B.
Exudation
- C.
Bleaching
- D.
Conditioning
- 21.Eutophication is very detrimental to the development of coral sice it increases:
- A.
The amount of nutrients in the water, stimulating overgrowth
- B.
Temperature of water, since it kills the coral
- C.
The salinity of water, since it kills zooxanthallae
- 22.The most common type of coral reefs around the world:
- A.
Barrier
- B.
Fringing
- C.
Oyster reefs
- 23.In a typical fringing reef, most of the live coral is found on the:
- A.
Reef flat
- B.
Reef slope
- C.
Reef crest
- 24.Fringing and barrier reefs develop:
- A.
In waters along estuaries
- B.
In the open ocean far from land
- C.
Along a coast
- 25.Spur and groove formations, or buttresses, appear to be the result of:
- A.
Fish grazing
- B.
Wind and waves
- C.
Accumulation of sand
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