The Ultimate Biology Exam Questions & Answers

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    Olfaction is

    • The sense of smell
    • The sense of hearing
    • The sense of taste
    • The sense of vision
    • The sense of touch
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About This Quiz

Think you are a Biology buff? Do you think you can pass this quiz? Can you tell how carbon dioxide travels in our body? What is Olfaction? What are the major functions of our respiratory system? Play our quiz to see how much you know and learn more along the way.

The Ultimate Biology Exam Questions & Answers - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    The “master cells” of the immune system that initiate and coordinate the adaptive immune response are

    • Basophils

    • Helper T cells

    • Mast cells

    • Cytotoxic T cells

    • B cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Helper T cells
  • 3. 

    Which main tissue type of the circulatory system enables diffusion across walls of capillaries?

    • Connective

    • Epithelial

    • Muscle

    • Nervous

    • Vascular

    Correct Answer
    A. Epithelial
  • 4. 

    B cells or T cells are

    • Basophils

    • Monocytes

    • Lymphoctes

    • Eosinophils

    • Neutrophils

    Correct Answer
    A. Lymphoctes
  • 5. 

    The innate chemical substance produced by basophils that cause blood vessels to dilate is

    • Histamine

    • Complement

    • Interleukin

    • Interferon

    • Epinephrine

    Correct Answer
    A. Histamine
  • 6. 

    Which blood vessels have the thinnest walls?

    • Arteries

    • Arterioles

    • Veins

    • Venules

    • Capillaries

    Correct Answer
    A. Capillaries
  • 7. 

    The simplest animals with a closed circulatory system are

    • Mollusks

    • Amphibians

    • Annelids

    • Fish

    • Reptiles

    Correct Answer
    A. Annelids
  • 8. 

    Which of the following is an immediate effect of histamine release?

    • Dilation of local blood vessels

    • Blocking of a response to ragweed pollen

    • Conversion of histamine to histidine

    • Increase in blood pressure

    • Metabolic production of energy molecules

    Correct Answer
    A. Dilation of local blood vessels
  • 9. 

    In aquatic organisms, highly folded structures that exchange gases directly with water

    • Spicules

    • Alveoli

    • Tracheae

    • Spiracles

    • Gills

    Correct Answer
    A. Gills
  • 10. 

    A waste product of respiration is

    • Water

    • Electrons

    • Hydrogen peroxide

    • Carbon dioxide

    • Glucose

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon dioxide
  • 11. 

    The lower respiratory tract is composed of what?

    • The pharynx, and lungs

    • The larynx, and lungs

    • The larynx, trachea, and lungs

    • The trachea and lungs

    • The pharynx, trachea, and lungs

    Correct Answer
    A. The trachea and lungs
  • 12. 

    The most important signal that the brain uses to set the breathing rate is the level of blood

    • Nitrogen

    • Oxygen

    • Carbon dioxide

    • Phosphorous

    • Hemoglobin

    Correct Answer
    A. Carbon dioxide
  • 13. 

    During which phase of the heartbeat does the heart fill with blood?

    • Interphase

    • Resting phase

    • Diastole

    • Atrial phase

    • Systole

    Correct Answer
    A. Diastole
  • 14. 

    Blood clots are formed by platelets and the plasma protein

    • Thrombin

    • Sealin

    • Hemophilin

    • Fibrinogen

    • Thrombus

    Correct Answer
    A. Fibrinogen
  • 15. 

    Antibodies are

    • Amino acids

    • Lipids

    • Carbohydrates

    • Proteins

    • Nucleic acids

    Correct Answer
    A. Proteins
  • 16. 

    HIV has a high mutation rate and can use this to its advantage to develop resistance to antivirals because

    • Frequent mutations provide greater opportunity for survival of selective pressures

    • Viral agents infect specific cells, which enhances mutations

    • Antivirals target viral DNA

    • Helper T cells prevent antivirals from reaching HIV

    • Mutation in RNA viruses is always an advantage to the virus

    Correct Answer
    A. Frequent mutations provide greater opportunity for survival of selective pressures
  • 17. 

    If you were to move from around sea level to a much higher altitude, your body would respond with

    • Profuse sweating

    • A decrease in the diameter and number of capillaries close to your body's surface

    • An increase in energy production

    • A decrease in the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen

    • An increase in the number of your red blood cells

    Correct Answer
    A. An increase in the number of your red blood cells
  • 18. 

    In birds, deoxygenated air moves from the lungs into the ___ before the air is expelled.

    • Anterior air sacs

    • Lamellae of the gills

    • Posterior air sacs

    • Bronchioles

    • Capillaries

    Correct Answer
    A. Anterior air sacs
  • 19. 

    The ___ is a passageway shared by both food and air

    • Alveolus

    • Trachea

    • Pharynx

    • Larynx

    • Nasal cavity

    Correct Answer
    A. Pharynx
  • 20. 

    Aerobic respiration consumes ___ gas and generates ___ gas as a waste product

    • Oxygen, carbon dioxide

    • Nitrogen, carbon dioxide

    • Carbon dioxide, nitrogen

    • Oxygen, nitrogen

    • Carbon dioxide, oxygen

    Correct Answer
    A. Oxygen, carbon dioxide
  • 21. 

    The two main functions of the lymphatic system are

    • Coagulating blood and fighting infections

    • Producing hormones that regulate the immune system and coagulating blood

    • Producing hormones that regulate the immune system and fighting infections

    • Returning tissue fluid to the circulatory system and coagulating blood

    • Returning tissue fluid to the circulatory system and fighting infections

    Correct Answer
    A. Returning tissue fluid to the circulatory system and fighting infections
  • 22. 

    Passive immunity depends upon

    • A person's own immune system producing antibodies

    • Antibodies made by another organism

    • Antibody-producing cells from another organism

    • Antigens from a person's own body

    • Isoantibodies

    Correct Answer
    A. Antibodies made by another organism
  • 23. 

    ___ can destroy infected cells

    • Macrophages

    • Plasma cells

    • Monocytes

    • B cells

    • Cytotoxic T cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytotoxic T cells
  • 24. 

    The movement of air across the vocal cords in the ___ produces sound

    • Pharynx

    • Larynx

    • Trachea

    • Glottis

    • Uvula

    Correct Answer
    A. Larynx
  • 25. 

     There are approximately ___ alveoli in the lungs of an adult human

    • 50 Million

    • 500 Million

    • 500,000

    • 300,000

    • 300 Million

    Correct Answer
    A. 500 Million
  • 26. 

    The walls of the bronchioles are made up of

    • Smooth muscle

    • Cartilage and smooth muscle

    • Cartilage and skeletal muscle

    • Cartilage

    • Skeletal muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. Smooth muscle
  • 27. 

    What name is given to the sheet of muscle that helps move air in and out of the lungs?

    • Trachea

    • Alveolus

    • Larynx

    • Diaphragm

    • Bronchus

    Correct Answer
    A. Diaphragm
  • 28. 

    Within the lungs, gas exchange occurs across

    • Alveoli

    • Tracheae

    • Bronchioles

    • Diaphragms

    • Bronchi

    Correct Answer
    A. Alveoli
  • 29. 

    Which of the following is a likely advantage of a three-chambered heart?

    • Greater separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

    • Greater blood pressure

    • The ability to divert deoxygenated blood away from the lungs when diving underwater

    • The ability to generate more body heat than a mammal

    • Greater mixing of blood in the ventricle

    Correct Answer
    A. Greater mixing of blood in the ventricle
  • 30. 

    The two largest veins of the body that deliver blood to the right atrium are the

    • Pulmonary vein and inferior vena cava

    • Superior vena cava and pulmonary vein

    • Aorta and inferior vena cava

    • Inferior vena cava and superior vena cava

    • Aorta and superior vena cava

    Correct Answer
    A. Inferior vena cava and superior vena cava
  • 31. 

    Blood proteins are involved in all of the following activities except

    • Fighting infection

    • Maintaining osmotic balance

    • Acting as buffers

    • Maintaining salinity

    • Blood clotting

    Correct Answer
    A. Acting as buffers
  • 32. 

    The body's innate defenses against infection include

    • Several nonspecific antibodies

    • Several nonspecific amino acid toxins

    • Barriers such as dead skin cells and mucus

    • Increased production of certain hormones and changes in microcirculation

    • Memory cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Barriers such as dead skin cells and mucus
  • 33. 

    How does an insect “hold its breath”?

    • By closing its tracheae

    • By closing its mouth

    • By closing its spiracles

    • By closing its gills

    • By closing its nostrils

    Correct Answer
    A. By closing its spiracles
  • 34. 

    What drives the movement of oxygen from the alveoli into the bloodstream?

    • Active transport against a concentration gradient

    • Facilitated diffusion down a concentration gradient

    • Facilitated diffusion against a concentration gradient

    • Diffusion down a concentration gradient

    • The heart pumping the oxygen into the bloodstream

    Correct Answer
    A. Diffusion down a concentration gradient
  • 35. 

    Why are gills only found in aquatic animals?

    • There isn’t enough oxygen in air for them to absorb

    • Gasses can only diffuse in water

    • Capillaries can only exchange gas with alveoli, not gills

    • They dry up when exposed to air

    • Aquatic animals do not transport oxygen on red blood cells

    Correct Answer
    A. They dry up when exposed to air
  • 36. 

    The upper respiratory tract is composed of what?

    • The nose, pharynx, and trachea

    • The nose, larynx, and trachea

    • The nose, trachea, and lungs

    • The nose, pharynx, and larynx

    • The nose and pharynx

    Correct Answer
    A. The nose, pharynx, and larynx
  • 37. 

    Hemoglobin is a(an) ___rich pigment that carries oxygen

    • Calcium

    • Potassium

    • Zinc

    • Phosphorous

    • Iron

    Correct Answer
    A. Iron
  • 38. 

    Which of the following types of cells does HIV preferentially infect?

    • Cytotoxic T cells

    • Natural killer cells

    • Helper T cells

    • Plasma cells

    • Memory cells

    Correct Answer
    A. Helper T cells
  • 39. 

    How do ice fish transport oxygen in their blood?

    • In red blood cells

    • In white blood cells

    • In platelets

    • In plasma

    • On hemoglobin

    Correct Answer
    A. In white blood cells
  • 40. 

    Which of the following factors contributes to the flow of blood in veins?

    • Skeletal muscle contractions

    • The number of red blood cells in venous blood

    • The diameter of capillaries

    • Blood pressure generated by the heart

    • Cardiac output

    Correct Answer
    A. Skeletal muscle contractions
  • 41. 

    What type of blood vessel is solely responsible for exchange between the blood and the interstitial fluid?

    • Artery

    • Arteriole

    • Capillary

    • Venule

    • Vein

    Correct Answer
    A. Capillary
  • 42. 

    Bacterial infections can cause a serious, potentially fatal systemic inflammatory response called

    • Anaphylaxis

    • Pelvic inflammatory disease

    • Bacterial sepsis

    • Septic shock

    • Pneumonia

    Correct Answer
    A. Bacterial sepsis
  • 43. 

    What type of immune response is always disadvantageous to a person?

    • Cell-mediated

    • Inflammatory

    • Humoral-mediated

    • Autoimmune

    • Complement-mediated

    Correct Answer
    A. Autoimmune
  • 44. 

    The anatomical arrangement in which two adjacent currents flow in opposite directions and exchange materials with each other is found in the respiratory systems of which of the following?

    • Mammals

    • Birds

    • Fishes

    • Worms

    • Sea anemones

    Correct Answer
    A. Fishes
  • 45. 

    Emphysema is caused by destruction of the walls between alveoli leading to hyperinflation of the lungs. Which of the following would you expect to occur in the lungs of these patients?

    • Decreased uptake of carbon dioxide

    • Decreased uptake of glucose

    • Decreased uptake of oxygen

    • Decreased rate of respiration

    • Decreased heart rate

    Correct Answer
    A. Decreased rate of respiration
  • 46. 

    Carbon Dioxide sensors are found in

    • The carotid body and aorta

    • The medulla

    • The carotid body

    • The aorta

    • The medulla and carotid body

    Correct Answer
    A. The carotid body and aorta
  • 47. 

    Medullary breathing centers directly sense and respond to

    • Blood pH and CO2 concentration

    • Blood O2 concentration

    • Alveolar CO2 concentration

    • Alveolar O2 concentration

    • Blood pH and O2 concentration

    Correct Answer
    A. Blood pH and CO2 concentration
  • 48. 

    In mammals, which of the following vessels transports oxygenated blood from the lung back to the heart?

    • Pulmonary artery

    • Pulmonary vein

    • Aorta

    • Vena cava

    • Coronary artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulmonary vein
  • 49. 

    Oxygen-poor blood is carried from the heart of a mammal to the lungs via the

    • Pulmonary arteries

    • Pulmonary veins

    • Venae cavae

    • Aorta

    • Coronary veins

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulmonary arteries

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 21, 2022 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2022
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Apr 03, 2012
    Quiz Created by
    Danpack1988
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