Trivia Facts And Questions On Mechanisms Of Visual Attention! Quiz
Trivia Facts and Questions on Mechanisms of Visual Attention! There is a way in which the human mind or eye can focus on an object and see if better than other people. Do you know some of the studies undertook to measure how someone is attentive when it comes to vision? Take this test and show off what you know.
- 1.
Attention consists of a variety of selection mechanisms. Which of the following is not one of the selection mechanisms discussed in lecture?
- A.
Orientation - directing your attention to a point of interest
- B.
Sorting - Limiting the number of distractors you pay attention to
- C.
Selection - Choosing what to pay attention to
- D.
Sustaining - Ability to repeat the attention task
Correct Answer
B. Sorting - Limiting the number of distractors you pay attention toExplanation
The question asks for the selection mechanism that was not discussed in the lecture. The lecture discussed orientation, selection, and sustaining as selection mechanisms. Sorting, on the other hand, is not mentioned as a selection mechanism in the lecture. Sorting refers to limiting the number of distractors one pays attention to, which is not discussed as a selection mechanism in the lecture.Rate this question:
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- 2.
__________ (increase/decrease) sensitivity to certain stimuli and __________ (increase/decrease) sensitivity to other information.
Correct Answer
increase, decreaseExplanation
Increasing sensitivity to certain stimuli means that a person becomes more responsive and reactive to those specific stimuli. This could be due to heightened awareness or a heightened physiological response. On the other hand, decreasing sensitivity to other information means that a person becomes less responsive or less reactive to other types of information or stimuli. This could be due to habituation or desensitization, where repeated exposure to certain stimuli leads to a decreased response over time.Rate this question:
- 3.
A child looking at a Where's Waldo book would be peforming what kind of visual search?
- A.
Perpendicular search
- B.
Parallel search
- C.
Serial search
- D.
Rapid search
Correct Answer
C. Serial searchExplanation
pg.116Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which of the following is not a visual attention test?
- A.
Symbol digit modality
- B.
Test of Silent Word Reading
- C.
Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)
- D.
Trail making test
Correct Answer
C. Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP)Explanation
pg. 117Rate this question:
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- 5.
What area of the brain is typically involved in a case of Balint Syndrome?
- A.
Temporal
- B.
Parietal
- C.
Frontal
- D.
Occipital
Correct Answer
B. ParietalExplanation
pg120Rate this question:
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- 6.
In 2003 Green and Bevalier conducted a study comparing video game players and non-video game players on spatial and temporal attention tasks. According to the results of that experiment which one of the following statement is most correct?
- A.
Younger children showed the most improvement after playing the first person shooter games, thus allowing them to conclude that attention was learned at an early age
- B.
The found that non-video gamers who played first person shooter games improved and concluded that attention mechanisms have plasticity to them and therefore can be altered or improved
- C.
There was no difference in the attentional mechanism between the video gamers and the non-video gamers.
- D.
Attentional blinking increased in non-video gamers while it stayed stagnant in the seasoned video gamers.
Correct Answer
B. The found that non-video gamers who played first person shooter games improved and concluded that attention mechanisms have plasticity to them and therefore can be altered or improvedExplanation
pg.117Rate this question:
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- 7.
The tendency to mislocated stimuli presented on the affected to the non-affected side is referred to as what characteristic?
- A.
Extinction
- B.
Anosognosia
- C.
Allesthesia
- D.
Change Blindness
Correct Answer
C. AllesthesiaExplanation
pg 118Rate this question:
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- 8.
Patients with visual neglect who had damage in the right parietal lobe will tend not to pay attention to the _____(right or left) side.
Correct Answer
leftExplanation
Patients with visual neglect who had damage in the right parietal lobe will tend not to pay attention to the left side. This is because the right parietal lobe is responsible for processing and integrating information from the left side of the body and the left side of the visual field. Damage to this area can result in a condition called visual neglect, where individuals have difficulty attending to and perceiving stimuli on the opposite side of the damage. In this case, damage to the right parietal lobe leads to a lack of attention towards the left side.Rate this question:
- 9.
What statement is false regarding visual attention?
- A.
Visual attention refers to how much visual information we process
- B.
Paying close attention to one task results in loss of attention to other tasks
- C.
Visual search procedures are a clinical assessment of visual attention in which you must find a target among certain distractors.
- D.
All of the above are true
Correct Answer
D. All of the above are trueExplanation
All of the statements regarding visual attention are true. Visual attention refers to the amount of visual information that we process. Paying close attention to one task can lead to a loss of attention to other tasks. Visual search procedures, which involve finding a target among distractions, are a clinical assessment of visual attention.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Attentional blink:
- A.
Difficulty perceiving & responding to a 2nd target amid a rapid stream of targets
- B.
Observers tend not to notice that a letter or word they are looking for has been repeated
Correct Answer
A. Difficulty perceiving & responding to a 2nd target amid a rapid stream of targetsExplanation
Option 2 - repetition blindnessRate this question:
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- 11.
Select the false statement
- A.
In normal corresponding system the objective angle and subjective angle are going to be equal.
- B.
Point zero will be where the fixated target falls on the retina of the deviated eye.
- C.
Correspondence is a retinal phenomenon
- D.
There are two ways to measure the angle of anomaly: directly using afterimages or by measuring the objective angle and subtracting it from the subjective angle
Correct Answer
C. Correspondence is a retinal phenomenonExplanation
Correspondence is a cortical phenomenon. It’s not based on the retina. It’s a cortical issue. The cortex puts it together. It says no it’s coming from the same direction in space and they’re superimposed. So you have two different objects that are superimposed on each other straight in front of the patient. And that was called confusion.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Anomalous correspondence
- A.
The condition in which two foveas and other homologous retinal loci do not correspond to each other in regard to visual direction.
- B.
The locus of all points in visual space that are imaged on corresponding points in each eye when the eyes are converged at fixed location
- C.
When two targets (one presented to each eye) are perceived as lying in the same visual direction
- D.
Points in space seen as equidistant will not stimulate motor fusion.
Correct Answer
A. The condition in which two foveas and other homologous retinal loci do not correspond to each other in regard to visual direction.Explanation
Option 2 - definition of a horopter
Option 3 - definition for Identical visual direction
Option 4 - definition for zero vergenceRate this question:
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- 13.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of anomalous correspondence ( AC )
- A.
The patient is capable of making large fusional vergence movements to prism
- B.
Unharmonious anomalous correspondence means the angel of anomaly has not shifted all the way to that zero point. It’s somewhere b/t the fovea and that zero point. So you can think of it as an incomplete adaptation.
- C.
It allows a rudimentary form of binocular coordination
- D.
Utrocular vision
- E.
In unharmonious AC the angle of the anomaly and the objective angle are equal.
Correct Answer
E. In unharmonious AC the angle of the anomaly and the objective angle are equal.Explanation
Anomalous correspondence (AC) refers to a condition where the visual system adapts to a strabismus (eye misalignment) by establishing a new correspondence between the fovea of one eye and a non-foveal point in the other eye. Unharmonious AC occurs when the angle of anomaly (deviation from normal correspondence) and the objective angle (actual angle of strabismus) are not equal. This means that the visual system has not fully adapted and the correspondence is not completely aligned. Therefore, the statement "In unharmonious AC the angle of the anomaly and the objective angle are equal" is incorrect.Rate this question:
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- 14.
You do a cover test on your patient and get 12 eso and then you choice the von Grafe test and your patient sees alignment at 6 eso. What is their correspondence status?
- A.
Harmonious
- B.
Normal
- C.
Unharmonious
- D.
Irregular
Correct Answer
C. UnharmoniousExplanation
pg 42Rate this question:
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- 15.
You place a red lens on the right eye of an esotropia with unharmonious anomalous correspondence. What kind of diplopia will they have?
- A.
Crossed diplopia
- B.
Uncrossed diplopia
Correct Answer
B. Uncrossed diplopiaExplanation
pg. 44Rate this question:
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- 16.
With confusion, if I stimulate a normal corresponding system and give two foveas two different targets, they’ll see them at the same point in space.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
If a normal corresponding system is stimulated with two different targets for the two foveas, the confusion caused by this stimulation will result in both foveas perceiving the targets at the same point in space. This suggests that the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 17.
In an anomalous corresponding system, how are the foveas related to one another?
- A.
The foveas were never connected even in a normal corresponding system
- B.
The are intermittently connected in an anomalous corresponding system
- C.
The foveas are no longer hooked up in an anomalous corresponding system
- D.
The foveas begin connected at the beginning of the day but with prolonged use they become disconnected in an anomalous corresponding system
Correct Answer
C. The foveas are no longer hooked up in an anomalous corresponding systemExplanation
The foveas are no longer connected in an anomalous corresponding system. This means that in an anomalous corresponding system, the foveas, which are the central areas of the retina responsible for sharp central vision, do not communicate or work together as they should in a normal corresponding system. This lack of connection between the foveas can result in visual abnormalities or difficulties in binocular vision.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Your patient has a right esotropia. You decide to directly measure their angle of an anomaly. You present horizontal after image to the left fovea, vertical after image to the right fovea. In this scenario, the left fovea will hook up with point zero of the right fovea. What does your patient report seeing?
- A.
Patient will perceive vertical after image, which is going to project out nasally (to the right). And the horizontal line will be here (to the left of the vertical line).
- B.
Patient will perceive vertical after image, which is going to project out temporal (to the left). And the horizontal line will be to the right of the vertical line.
- C.
The patient will perceive a perfectly aligned cross
- D.
The patient will perceive the vertical line displaced superior compared to the horizontal line
Correct Answer
B. Patient will perceive vertical after image, which is going to project out temporal (to the left). And the horizontal line will be to the right of the vertical line.Explanation
Example for Harmonious anomalous correspondence - the angle of anomaly will be equivalent to the objective angle. This person fuses but moves on the cover test.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following does not apply/support Burian's Sensory Theory.
- A.
Adaptation happened during the critical period where there was a lot of plasticity in the neurological system and so it would make sense for the system to develop a mechanism to deal with the diplopia and confusion that would come about from strabismus.
- B.
As proof for the Sensory theory Burian used strabismic patients that have early onset strabismus who developed AC. If you have an older pt with 6th nerve anomaly they don’t get AC. But if you have a pt with early strab onset (in first 2 years of life) during the critical period they tended to develop AC.
- C.
The sensory theory not only successfully explains confusion and diplopia but it also explains co-variation and therefore it is the prevailing explanation for AC
Correct Answer
C. The sensory theory not only successfully explains confusion and diplopia but it also explains co-variation and therefore it is the prevailing explanation for ACExplanation
The problem or the major criticism of Sensory theory is that it depends on very precise amounts of deviation. Because if I have it wired for 20D Esotropia and then all of a sudden it changes to a 10D, then the system isn’t wired for that. So the Sensory Theory has a hard time accounting for changes in eye turn. As we know clinically that some pts change their eye turn and their correspondence system adjusts for that. And that’s it’s the principle of co-variation, that the variation in my anomalous system varies by the angle of deviation.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Select the false statement
- A.
In a normal corresponding system the fovea would go through where the visual axis would cross.
- B.
Flom found that esotropes with AC had a fairly typical horopter curve shape in the periphery, as it approached the fovea the horopter started to change and switch over to a normal corresponding system
- C.
Flom hypothesized that the horopter notch could prevent the patient from fusing the targets because it creates a large skew in the horopter like the geometric effect.
- D.
Flom tested esotrope with normal correspondence they have a curve with a negative H value so it’s inside the V-M circle.
Correct Answer
D. Flom tested esotrope with normal correspondence they have a curve with a negative H value so it’s inside the V-M circle.Explanation
Flom had the high exphore or exotrope who can fuse, they have a curve with a negative H value so it’s inside the V-M circle.Rate this question:
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- 21.
All of the following are characteristics of fixation disparity except:
- A.
6 to 12 minutes of arc
- B.
Occurs as a result of Panum’s fusional area
- C.
Most intense at fovea and zero measure point
- D.
Depends of type of stimulus, larger for lower spatial frequencies.
Correct Answer
C. Most intense at fovea and zero measure pointExplanation
Option 3 - that's a characteristic of suppressionRate this question:
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- 22.
Of the following tests to measure fixation disparity which test does NOT measure fixation disparity directly?
- A.
Mallet Unit
- B.
Sheedy disparometer
- C.
Saladin Card
- D.
Wesson Card
Correct Answer
A. Mallet UnitExplanation
Mallet - only measures the amount of prism to align the nonius lines
pg. 56Rate this question:
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- 23.
Vision training would result in what kind of change to the slope of a FD curve?
- A.
Go from a steeper curve to a flatter curve
- B.
Go from a flatter curve to a steeper curve
Correct Answer
A. Go from a steeper curve to a flatter curveExplanation
In vision training what you’re doing is strengthening the vergence system. You would expect to go from a steeper curve to a flatter curve if you did that type of training because your vergence system would adjust to prism without changing FD.Rate this question:
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- 24.
In relation to the horopter, what do the H-values determine?
- A.
They are a measure of vergence adaptation
- B.
The shape of the horopter and the deviation from the VM circle
- C.
The associated phoria
- D.
The amount of suppression that takes place in a stabismic patient
Correct Answer
B. The shape of the horopter and the deviation from the VM circleExplanation
Option 1 - that's what the fixation disparity curves tell us
H values determine the shape of the horopter and it’s the deviation from the VM circle. If it deviates away from the VM circle then H is positive if it deviates inside the VM circle H is negative.Rate this question:
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- 25.
When the H value is positive the angle on the nasal retina is larger than the corresponding temporal angle on the other eye.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When the H value is positive, it means that the angle on the nasal retina (the side closest to the nose) is larger than the corresponding temporal angle (the side towards the temple) on the other eye. This is because the H value represents the horizontal disparity between the two eyes, indicating the difference in the visual angle between the two retinas. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Feb 13, 2012Quiz Created by
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