Bergen Nova Online Quiz - North

SMEDDS stands for Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System. This technology is used to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. It involves the formulation of a drug in a mixture of oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant, which forms a microemulsion in the gastrointestinal tract upon administration. This microemulsion helps in the efficient absorption of the drug, leading to improved therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the correct answer is Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System.

Vitamin D3 is useful in diabetes as it protects the insulin secreting capacity of β cells. β cells are responsible for producing and releasing insulin in the pancreas. Vitamin D3 helps to enhance the function and survival of β cells, thereby improving insulin secretion and glucose control in individuals with diabetes. This protective effect of vitamin D3 on β cells can be beneficial in managing diabetes and preventing complications associated with insulin deficiency.

SMEDDS technology stands for Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System. It is a technology used to enhance the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Uprise D3 is a brand that utilizes SMEDDS technology. This suggests that Uprise D3 is formulated using this technology to improve the absorption and effectiveness of the drug in the body.

Lipase is the correct answer because it is an enzyme that helps in the breakdown and digestion of fats. In the case of Uprise D3, which is likely a dietary supplement or medication containing vitamin D3, lipase would be responsible for breaking down the large emulsion droplets of fat into smaller, more easily absorbed mixed micelles. This process is essential for the body to efficiently absorb and utilize the fat-soluble vitamin D3.

Vitamin D3 reduces the risk of hypertension by 6 times. This means that individuals who consume enough Vitamin D3 are six times less likely to develop hypertension compared to those who do not consume enough Vitamin D3. This could be due to the role of Vitamin D3 in regulating blood pressure and promoting cardiovascular health.

Bacillus Subtilis is a type of bacteria that is known for its ability to withstand high temperatures and moisture. It is also able to survive in strong acidic conditions. Therefore, the correct answer is "Both of the above" as Bacillus Subtilis is stable at both high temperature and moisture, as well as strong acidic conditions.

Gabapentin increases the body's need for Vitamin D3.

Bacillus subtilis has obtained both USFDA GRAS approval and EFSA approval. This means that the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has recognized Bacillus subtilis as generally recognized as safe (GRAS), indicating that it is considered safe for consumption. Additionally, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has also approved Bacillus subtilis, further affirming its safety.

The given answer, Dr Deepak Talwar, is the correct answer because he is listed as one of the endorsers of Zocef clinical evidence issue 1 for consultant physicians. This suggests that Dr Talwar has reviewed and approved the clinical evidence presented in the issue, indicating his endorsement of its content.

The correct answer is Full text articles, case studies & guidelines on Sinusitis. This can be inferred from the given information that the BMJ Otolaryngology Volume 1 on Zocef CV contains full text articles, case studies, and guidelines on various medical conditions such as Sinusitis, Pneumonia, Pharyngitis, and LRTI. Since Sinusitis is specifically mentioned, it can be concluded that the correct answer is related to Sinusitis.

Bacillus Subtilis is a bacterium that can indeed form spores and colonize in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Spore formation is a survival mechanism for the bacterium, allowing it to withstand harsh conditions. Once the spores reach the GI tract, they can germinate and grow, establishing a colonization. Therefore, the statement "Bacillus Subtilis can form spore & colonize in the GI tract" is true.

The given correct answer, SSI, refers to Surgical Site Infections. The Zocef clinical evidence issue 1 for General Surgeons provides updates and information specifically related to SSI. This could include new research findings, treatment guidelines, or any other relevant information pertaining to surgical site infections.

Tenomodulin is a glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in tendon maturation and tenocyte proliferation. It is involved in the development and maintenance of healthy tendons by promoting the growth and differentiation of tenocytes, the cells responsible for tendon formation. As a glycoprotein, it contains carbohydrates that help in its function and structure. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above" as all the statements mentioned are true.

The correct answer is "66 antibiotics" because it is stated in the given information that B. Subtilis in Gutgain exerts an antimicrobial effect. Antibiotics are substances that are known to have antimicrobial properties, so it is logical to conclude that B. Subtilis releases 66 antibiotics to exert this effect.

S. Boulardii offers an anti-toxin effect by releasing a 54 kDa protease. This protease is responsible for breaking down toxins and preventing their harmful effects on the body. By releasing this specific protease, S. Boulardii can effectively neutralize toxins and provide protection against their detrimental effects.

Long-term use of glucocorticoids, statins, and quinolones are known to cause drug-induced tendinopathy. Glucocorticoids are anti-inflammatory medications commonly used to treat conditions such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Statins are medications used to lower cholesterol levels, and quinolones are a class of antibiotics. All of these drugs have been associated with an increased risk of tendinopathy, which is the inflammation or damage to tendons. Therefore, the correct answer is "All of the above."

In tendinopathy, the ratio of collagen type III to type I is increased. Collagen type I is the main structural component of healthy tendons, providing strength and stability. However, in tendinopathy, there is an abnormal increase in collagen type III, which is a weaker form of collagen. This imbalance in collagen types disrupts the normal structure and function of tendons, leading to tendon pain, inflammation, and reduced mechanical strength. Therefore, an increased ratio of collagen type III to type I is observed in tendinopathy.

The correct answer is 15mg/kg twice daily. This means that the recommended dose of Zocef dry syp for children with Otitis media is 15mg per kilogram of body weight, given twice daily. This dosage regimen helps to ensure that an adequate amount of the medication is administered to effectively treat the infection.

The survival rate of S. Boulardii in Econorm is less than 50% because the answer states that the survival rate is "less than" a certain percentage. Since the options provided are all less than 50%, it can be inferred that the survival rate falls within this range.

The correct answer is 2-4 billion CFU/day. This range of dosage is recommended for children when taking Bacillus Subtilis. CFU stands for colony-forming units, which is a measure of viable microorganisms. This dosage range ensures that an adequate amount of Bacillus Subtilis is consumed daily to support the health and well-being of children.