BCBA Exam 2: Teaching Hand Raising

The experimenter responded to any inaccurate responses by stating the rule, modeling the correct response, and providing feedback. This approach allows the experimenter to correct any misunderstandings or errors made by the student, providing them with a clear example of the correct response and offering feedback to help them improve their understanding.

The participants had already learned certain skills before the intervention, but they were not able to respond correctly when asked questions in a group setting until they were specifically taught how to raise their hands. This suggests that the participants had the necessary knowledge but lacked the appropriate social behavior in a group setting. Therefore, the statement is true.

The statement suggests that the improvements in hands-up responses in the third task happened during the implementation of the intervention for the second task. This implies that the intervention had a positive impact on the students' engagement and participation, leading to increased hands-up responses. Therefore, the answer "True" is correct.

The explanation for the correct answer is that the study found that all three children were able to learn and demonstrate accurate hand-raising skills in response to increasingly challenging discrimination tasks during group instruction. This suggests that the children successfully acquired this skill and were able to apply it effectively.

The statement is true because it states that during the baseline, each student did not raise their hand in response to questions regardless of their status. This means that regardless of whether they possessed the item or had previously heard the word, they did not raise their hand.

The present findings suggest that effectively responding to group instruction requires both the acquisition of basic academic information and the development of conditional stimulus control over hands up and hands down responding. Additionally, the findings indicate that conducting both hands up and hand down learning trials is important for establishing discriminated responding.

The correct answer is b. This means that the group instruction tasks required progressively more difficult discriminations. This implies that the tasks became more challenging or complex as the group progressed, possibly requiring higher levels of cognitive abilities or problem-solving skills.

The dependent measure in this study was the percentage of accurate responses to both hands down and hands up opportunities within a session. This means that the researchers were interested in measuring the overall accuracy of participants' responses when both hands were down and when both hands were up. This measure would provide a comprehensive assessment of participants' performance across different types of opportunities within the session.

The correct order of the tasks is auditory-visual discrimination, auditory-auditory discrimination, and successive conditional discrimination. This means that participants first had to discriminate between auditory stimuli, then between auditory and visual stimuli, and finally had to perform a successive conditional discrimination task.

The accuracy of hand-raise or hands-down responses was determined based on the child's own performance during an individual assessment conducted before the baseline and every 2 weeks during the intervention. This means that the child's accuracy in responding to questions was measured through their performance in individual assessments at specific intervals throughout the intervention period. This method allows for tracking the child's progress and determining the effectiveness of the intervention in improving their accuracy over time.

The experimenter praised both hands up and hands down responses enthusiastically during the discrimination training session. This means that the experimenter provided positive reinforcement for both types of responses, regardless of whether the participants raised their hands or kept them down. This approach likely aimed to encourage active participation and engagement from all participants, regardless of their preferred response style.

The correct answer is c. Using a discrimination training procedure including rules, modeling and reinforcement in a group setting. This answer suggests that the purpose of the study was to teach children with autism to answer questions by using a specific training procedure that involves teaching them rules, providing modeling of the desired behavior, and reinforcing correct responses. This training is conducted in a group setting, which implies that the children are learning and practicing their skills together with others.

During baseline, the experimenter responded to the child's responses with a general fun statement and programmed reinforcement. This means that the experimenter provided positive and enjoyable feedback to the child's responses, along with predetermined rewards or reinforcements. This approach aims to create a positive and engaging environment for the child, encouraging their participation and motivation during the baseline phase of the experiment.

When different children commit a hand-up error and a hands-down error at the same time, addressing the hands up error first makes sense because it requires immediate attention. By addressing the hands up error first, the teacher can ensure that the children are following the correct behavior and maintaining proper classroom etiquette. Once the hands up error is addressed, the teacher can then address the hands-down error to ensure that all errors are corrected. This approach allows for a systematic and efficient handling of the errors.

In discrimination training, it is important to establish clear rules and instructions for the participants. By having the experimenter read a rule and having the group repeat it, it ensures that everyone understands and remembers the rule before each session. This helps to create consistency and clarity in the training process, allowing participants to better discriminate between different stimuli or responses. Using a visual or auditory stimulus alone may not provide the necessary verbal instruction and reinforcement that repeating the rule provides. Therefore, option a is the correct answer.