Astronomy 294 Final Review

98 Questions | By Lhyedsisa | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 43

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The universe is so interesting especially when you gaze toward the heavens, searching to put meaning into it. No one can truly tell how big the universe is because of the various new discoveries. As your second year draws to a close the quiz below is designed to help you prep for the exam. Give it a shot.

Questions and Answers

1.

The elements needed for life - carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen - are...
- A.
  
  Are relatively rare throughout the universe
- B.
  
  Have not been found in extrasolar planets
- C.
  
  Are only found on Earth
- D.
  
  The most abundant (non-inert) elements in the universe
2.

What was not one of the fundamental properties the Greek (Aristotlean) model of the solar system?
- A.
  
  Objects in the sky move in uniform circular motion
- B.
  
  The natural state of motion on Earth is at rest
- C.
  
  The Earth is at the center of all things
- D.
  
  The Earth and "heavens" are made of the same elements
3.

This is a process which could prevent a beneficial species trait from being passed on.
- A.
  
  Evolution
- B.
  
  Heredity
- C.
  
  Natural Selection
- D.
  
  Genetic Drift
4.

All living cells use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules...
- A.
  
  To catalyze biochemical reactions
- B.
  
  As a building block for nucleic acids
- C.
  
  To store and release energy for biochemical processes
- D.
  
  To carry oxygen into cells
5.

The distance between adjacent peaks of an electromagnetic wave is referred to as its...
- A.
  
  Energy
- B.
  
  Wavelength
- C.
  
  Frequency
- D.
  
  Speed
6.

Which of the following is evidence supporting evolution?
- A.
  
  Great diversity of species
- B.
  
  Bacteria becoming resistant to old antibiotics
- C.
  
  All of the choices are correct
- D.
  
  Some Galapagos finches eating insects, other seeds
7.

What is the most important role that lipids play in living organisms on Earth?
- A.
  
  Energy storage and structural support
- B.
  
  Information storage
- C.
  
  Constituents of cell membranes
- D.
  
  Basic functioning of living organisms
8.

A section of DNA that codes for a particular protein is known as a...
- A.
  
  Chromosome
- B.
  
  Codon
- C.
  
  Gene
- D.
  
  Genome
9.

What is not one of Hubble's classes of galaxies?
- A.
  
  Barred Elliptical
- B.
  
  Spiral
- C.
  
  Elliptical
- D.
  
  Barred Spiral
10.

Photon A has a higher energy than photon B. Which of the following statements is true?
- A.
  
  Photon A travels faster in a vacuum than photon B
- B.
  
  Photon A has a longer wavelength than photon B
- C.
  
  Photon A has a lower frequency than photon B
- D.
  
  Photon A has a higher frequency than photon B
11.

Which form of RNA copies instructions for protein synthesis from DNA?
- A.
  
  MRNA
- B.
  
  RRNA
- C.
  
  ERNA
- D.
  
  TRNA
12.

The complete set of genetic information that makes up an organism is known as a...
- A.
  
  Gene
- B.
  
  Chromosome
- C.
  
  Genome
- D.
  
  Codon
13.

Metabolism is a term that describes the...
- A.
  
  Breaking down of complex organic molecules by bacteria
- B.
  
  Chemical processes that occur inside cells
- C.
  
  Rate of cell division of bacteria
- D.
  
  Rate at which molecules travel across cell membranes
14.

The recoil you feel when you fire a gun is an example of which of Newton's Laws?
- A.
  
  Second
- B.
  
  Third
- C.
  
  First
15.

Leaving out the Earth, molecules connected with planetary life have been found...
- A.
  
  In interstellar clouds
- B.
  
  All the choices are correct
- C.
  
  On comets and asteroids
- D.
  
  In extrasolar planets
16.

The Ptolemaic model has planets moving in...
- A.
  
  A simple circle about the Sun
- B.
  
  Elliptical orbits about the Sun
- C.
  
  Circles, the centers of which move around the Earth
- D.
  
  A simple circle about the Earth
17.

What is a property of water that makes it attractive as a medium for metabolic reactions?
- A.
  
  Its solubility increases at colder temperatures
- B.
  
  All of the choices are correct
- C.
  
  It is a thermal stabilizer
- D.
  
  It is a non-polar molecule
18.

During DNA replication, what happens?
- A.
  
  All of the choices are correct
- B.
  
  The DNA helix unzips into separate strands
- C.
  
  Mutations can occur
- D.
  
  Each strand gets new "partner" bases
19.

Tycho Brahe...
- A.
  
  Made telescope observations discounting a geocentric solar system
- B.
  
  Mathematically proved that planet orbits were ellipses
- C.
  
  Made extensive measurements of planetary sky positions
- D.
  
  Created a gravity theory to explain solar system motion
20.

The basic biological structures of life on Earth are called...
- A.
  
  Molecules
- B.
  
  Atoms
- C.
  
  Bacteria
- D.
  
  Cells
21.

Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus are called...
- A.
  
  Karyokes
- B.
  
  Prokaryotes
- C.
  
  Non-nucleodes
- D.
  
  Eukaryotes
22.

Evolutionary adaptations are related to molecular changes in...
- A.
  
  Proteins
- B.
  
  Lipids
- C.
  
  Carbohydrates
- D.
  
  DNA
23.

A chemoautotroph gets its energy from ___ and its carbon from ___...
- A.
  
  Oxidation reactions; carbon dioxide in its environment
- B.
  
  Oxidation reactions; consuming organics
- C.
  
  The Sun; consuming organics
- D.
  
  The Sun; carbon dioxide in its environment
24.

What is the most important role that nucleic acids play in living organisms on Earth?
- A.
  
  Energy storage and structural support
- B.
  
  Information storage
- C.
  
  Constituents of cell membranes
- D.
  
  Basic functioning of living organisms
25.

What is the main factor that drives Darwinian evolution?
- A.
  
  The ability of an organism to harness energy
- B.
  
  The size of an organism
- C.
  
  The need to reproduce
- D.
  
  The competition for finite resources