Aromatic Compounds: Reaction
Review the different reactions that are encountered when adding groups to aromatic rings when you can no longer force yourself to do more practice problems!
- 1.What is EAS? Why does it occur?
- A.
EAS is electron aromatics sequestering. It occurs because regular addition would destroy the aromaticity of a ring.
- B.
EAS is electrophilic aromatic substitution. It occurs because addition to pi bonds will always substitute, preserving the pi bond.
- C.
EAS is electrophilic aromatic substitution. It occurs because regular addition would destroy the aromaticity of a ring.
- 2.The first step of the EAS reaction mechanism sees an _________ (electrophile/nucleophile) add to the ring in the addition step, which is the ______ step of the reaction. The ________ ion intermediate that is formed reacts _______ (slowly/quickly) with a __________(electrophile/nucleophile), which is a base, in the _________ (RDS/ elimination) step. Separate answers with a comma.
- 3.True or false: An arenium ion is not stabilized by any conjugation.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.Halogenation of benzene cannot occur with only the instantaneous dipole of the helogen gas- it requires a catalyst. Which of the following reagents-catalyst combination would be typically used in halogenation of benzene?
- A.
Cl2 and FeCl3.
- B.
Br2 and AlBr3
- C.
F2 and FeF3
- 5.If I2 was used, what catalyst would allow for the best addition to benzene in a halogenation reaction? (Subscripts and superscripts are not supported on some computers for these quizzes- if they are needed type as regular number)A: __________
- 6.Freidel Crafts reactions can be useful to add what functional groups to aromatic rings?
- A.
-R and -OR
- B.
-R and -C(O)R,
- C.
-R and -OH
- 7.What catalyst should be used to add ClCH2CH3 to benzene?
- A.
FeCl3
- B.
Na2Cr2O7 and water
- C.
AlCl3
- D.
HCl
- 8.At its core, a Friedel-Crafts reaction requires a ______ to be produced to allow the addition of an alkly group.
- 9.If a long chain alkyl group is to be added to a aromatic ring , a variation of Friedel-Crafts alkylation can be used, called Friedel Crafts _______. This produces an _________ ion intermediate, which stops the problem of ___________, because of _________ in the intermediate.Separate answers with commas.
- 10.Match the following Friedel Crafts related reactions and reagents:1. R-C(O)-Cl and AlCl32. CO and HCl and ZnCl23. FC acylation product and HCl and Zn(Hg)4. Aldehyde formation5. Clemenson Reduction6. Friedel Crafts Acylation
- A.
1-4, 2-6, 3-5
- B.
1-5, 2-4, 3-6
- C.
1-5, 2-6, 3-4
- D.
1-6, 2-4, 3-5
- E.
1-6, 2-5, 3-4
- 11.Nitrate and sulfate both add to benzene to produce ____ directors. Which requires the other in a catalytic role?
- A.
Meta. Nitration requires H2SO4 as a catalyst.
- B.
Ortho-para. Nitration requires H2SO4 as a catalyst
- C.
Meta. Sulfonation requires HNO3 as a catalyst
- D.
Ortho-para. Sulfonation requires HNO3 as a catalyst
- 12.The rate of subsequent EAS reactions can be affected by the groups already attached. Activating groups _____ (increase/decrease) the rate of reaction by ______ (donating/withdrawing) electrons to the pi cloud, making it _______ (less/more) nucleophilic and ______ (increase/decrease) the stability of the carbocation intermediate. Deactivating groups _________ (increase/decrease) the rate of a reaction by _______ (donating/withdrawing) electrons from the pi cloud, and ______ (increase/decrease) the stability of the carbocation intermediate.Separate answers with commas.
- 13.Which of the following are ortho-para directors?
- A.
-NH2
- B.
-NO2
- C.
-C(O)OH
- D.
--OH
- E.
-CH3
- 14.Which of the following are meta directors?
- A.
-NH-R
- B.
-C(O)R
- C.
-O-C(O)R
- D.
-C(O)-NH2
- E.
-CF3
- 15.A halide substituent is:
- A.
A meta directing activator.
- B.
An ortho-para directing activator
- C.
A meta direction deactivator.
- D.
An ortho-para directing deactivator.
- 16.What group, located para on a phenol, would make the least acidic compound?
- A.
-CH3
- B.
-O-CH3
- C.
-C(O)OH
- D.
-NH2
- E.
-NO2
- 17.True or false: A better electron donating group makes a better acid.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 18.Diazonium Salts aer very useful in multistep synthesis. Which of the following groups are only/best added by first making a diazonium salt?
- A.
-Cl
- B.
-F
- C.
-CH2CH3
- D.
-CN
- E.
-C(O)R
- 19.What reagents are needed to get a diazonium salt from a aniline?Check all that are required.
- A.
H2SO4
- B.
HNO3
- C.
NaNO2,
- D.
Cu2O and Cu(NO3)2
- E.
HCl, 0 degrees C
- 20.
What is the name of the following compound?- A.
Phenol
- B.
Styrene
- C.
Anisole
- D.
Benzonitrile
- 21.What substituent is on anisole?
- A.
-NH2
- B.
-CH3
- C.
-NO2
- D.
-OCH3
- E.
-CN
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