AP Reviewer (4th Periodical Examination)

During the leadership of Benigno Aquino III, the Philippines had a democracy. This means that the country was governed by a system where power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. In a democracy, citizens have the right to participate in decision-making processes, elect their leaders, and enjoy certain freedoms and rights. This form of government promotes equality, accountability, and the rule of law.

Matthew went through the process of naturalization, which means he acquired Philippine citizenship. Therefore, he is considered a Filipino citizen.

Mga mamamayan sa isang estado ay dapat taglayin ang katangiang pagkakaisa upang magkaroon ng malasakit at pakikipagtulungan sa isa't isa. Sa pamamagitan ng pagkakaisa, magkakaroon ng pagkakaisa ng mga layunin at adhikain ng mga mamamayan, na magiging daan sa pag-unlad at pagkakaroon ng matatag na lipunan. Ang pagkakaisa ay mahalaga upang malabanan ang mga suliranin at hamon na kinakaharap ng isang estado.

The given answer "katarungan" is the correct answer because it completes the sentence in a grammatically correct way. The phrase "ng mga biyaya ng katotohanan" indicates that the sentence is talking about the blessings of truth. The word "katarungan" means justice in English, so it fits logically in the sentence as justice is often associated with truth. Therefore, the sentence can be translated as "to ensure justice for ourselves and for the next generation of the blessings of truth."

The given correct answer, "naghahayag," is the appropriate word to complete the sentence. It means "proclaim" or "declare" in English. In the context of the sentence, it signifies that the principles of freedom, love, equality, and peace are being proclaimed or declared in the Constitution.

Gobernaculum is the correct answer because it is a Latin word that means "government" or "governance." In the context of the question, it is the word that is most closely related to the concept of "pamahalaan" or "government." Constituto, Timon, and Rudder are not Latin words that have a direct connection to the concept of government.

The correct answer is "Ang nasyon ay konseptong lahi habang ang estado ay konseptong pulitikal." This is because the concept of "nasyon" refers to a group of people who share a common culture, language, and history, while the concept of "estado" refers to a political entity with a defined territory and government. Therefore, the nation is more focused on the cultural and ethnic aspects, while the state is more focused on the political and governance aspects.

The statement "ANG SALIGANG BATAS ay: Pinagtitibay ng mga mamamayang 15 taong gulang pababa" is false. The correct answer is "Kabulaanan" which means falsehood. This means that the statement is not true and the Constitution is not ratified by citizens below 15 years old.

The correct answer is "Katotohanan" because the phrase "ANG SALIGANG BATAS ay" is a statement that introduces a fact or truth about the "Saligang Batas" (Constitution). The phrase does not indicate any falsehood or uncertainty, so it can be inferred that the answer is "Katotohanan" (Truth).

Vatican City is a city-state that is governed by the Pope, who is the head of the Roman Catholic Church. The laws and governance of Vatican City are based on the doctrines and teachings of the Catholic Church. This form of government, where religious leaders hold the ultimate authority, is known as a theocracy. In a theocracy, religious principles and beliefs play a significant role in the governance and decision-making processes of the state.

The correct answer is 1973 because the question is asking for the specific year of the implementation of the Constitution during the Marcos regime. The 1973 Constitution was enacted during the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos and replaced the previous 1935 Constitution. It granted Marcos extended powers and allowed him to rule by decree, leading to a period of authoritarian rule in the Philippines.

The Saligang-Batas is the Philippine term for the Constitution. It is the fundamental law of the country that establishes the framework and principles of government, as well as the rights and responsibilities of its citizens. The term "Konstitusyon" is the Filipino translation of "Constitution," while "konstitusyon" is the Filipino term written in lowercase. The repetition and variation in capitalization of the term in the answer options are likely included to account for different possible spellings and capitalization used by respondents.

The explanation for the correct answer is that Sarah followed the citizenship of her American spouse, which means she is not a Filipino citizen. Therefore, the statement "Siya ay HINDI mamamayang Pilipino" is correct.

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The given answer "kamanahan" is the correct completion for the sentence. In Filipino, "kamanahan" means "prosperity" or "abundance". In the context of the sentence, it suggests that the speaker or the subject of the sentence will support the well-being and development of something or someone, ensuring that prosperity and abundance are achieved.

Switzerland has a system of direct democracy, where the people govern themselves through open expression of their opinions. In a direct democracy, citizens have the power to make decisions on legislation and policy directly, rather than through elected representatives. This system allows for greater citizen participation and involvement in the decision-making process. Therefore, the correct answer is "Tuwirang Demokrasya" or "Direct Democracy".

The correct answer is "nakapangyayaring." This word is used to describe the Filipino people in the sentence. It means "able" or "capable" in English. The sentence is stating that the Filipino people are able or capable of seeking help from the Almighty God.

Switzerland is not led by a communist government because it follows a system of direct democracy. In a direct democracy, the citizens have a direct say in decision-making through referendums and initiatives, rather than being governed by a single political party. Therefore, Switzerland does not have a communist government, unlike the other countries mentioned in the options.

The given answer "lunggatiin" completes the sentence and makes it grammatically correct. It is a Filipino word that means "to aspire" or "to strive for". Therefore, the sentence can be translated as "to represent our aspirations and strive for".

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The given correct answer is "Siya ay HINDI mamamayang Pilipino." This is because the statement "Siya ay dumaan sa proseso ng naturalisasyon" indicates that John went through the process of naturalization, which means he acquired Filipino citizenship. However, the statement "Kailanman ay hindi siya naniniwala sa ating mga tradisyon" suggests that John never believed in our traditions, implying that he does not identify with Filipino culture. Therefore, the correct answer is that he is not a Filipino citizen.

The correct answer is "Kapag ito ay mayroong kalayaan." This is because a country is considered a state when it has sovereignty, which means it has the authority to govern itself independently without interference from other countries. Having freedom or independence is a key aspect of being recognized as a state in the international community.

The answer "makatarungan at makataong" is the correct answer because it completes the sentence and fits grammatically and contextually. It translates to "to establish a just and humane society and establish a government." The words "makatarungan" (just) and "makataong" (humane) accurately describe the qualities desired in the society and government being formed.

The answer "Ang kapangyarihan ng estado ay may bisa hanggang sa darating na panahon" suggests that the sovereignty of a state is not limited by time and remains effective until the future. This means that the state's power and authority over its citizens and territory continue to exist and are not subject to any specific timeframe or expiration. This reinforces the idea that sovereignty is a permanent and enduring characteristic of a state.

A mobocracy refers to a form of government where the ruling power is held by a mob or a large, unruly group of people. In this case, when the officials of a democratic government become greedy or excessively self-interested, they prioritize their own personal gain over the welfare of the people they are meant to serve. This can lead to a breakdown of democratic principles and the rise of mob rule, making the government a mobocracy.