AP Review Quiz Chapter 10
- 1.In general, the U.S. places ________________ restrictions on its media than either France or Great Britain.
- A.
Many more
- B.
Slightly more
- C.
About the same number of
- D.
Fewer
- E.
More significant
- 2.An innovative news establishment set up in 1848 to provide systematic dissemination of news to publications of different political persuasions was the
- A.
Ticker tape.
- B.
Pony Express.
- C.
Associated Press (AP).
- D.
Washington Globe.
- E.
Rider's Club.
- 3.A war between the U.S. and Spain was fomented by the publisher
- A.
William Randolph Hearst.
- B.
Rupert Murdoch.
- C.
Eugene Pulliam.
- D.
Theodore Loeb.
- E.
Christopher Donnell.
- 4.The term yellow journalism was coined to describe media sensationalism in what era?
- A.
The early days of the republic.
- B.
The time of the Civil War.
- C.
The turn of the century (19th to 20th)
- D.
Post World War II
- E.
The Great Depression
- 5.The term muckraker was first used in a political sense by
- A.
Theodore Roosevelt.
- B.
Calvin Coolidge.
- C.
Herbert Hoover.
- D.
Franklin Roosevelt.
- E.
James Garfield.
- 6.The mass media are not a true mirror of reality because
- A.
Reporters are more conservative than the general public.
- B.
The news emphasizes sensational events and ignores positive social trends.
- C.
A process of selection, editing, and emphasis exists in news reporting.
- D.
The media tend to emphasize national events and issues over the local ones.
- E.
The media tend to emphasize local events and issues over national ones.
- 7.Of the different sectors of the media in the U.S., that of major city newspapers is probably the
- A.
Most trusted.
- B.
Least trusted.
- C.
Least competitive.
- D.
Most competitive.
- E.
Most accurate.
- 8.Though things are changing, to a remarkable degree, media ownership in the U.S. is
- A.
International.
- B.
National.
- C.
Regional.
- D.
Local.
- E.
Governmental.
- 9.Two local papers that have gained national readerships are
- A.
The Wall Street Journal and the New York Times.
- B.
The New York Times & USA Today.
- C.
The New York Times and the Los Angeles Times.
- D.
The Wall Street Journal & the Los Angeles Times.
- E.
The New York Times & the Christian Science Monitor.
- 10.Compared with local journalists, reporters and editors for the national media are more
- A.
Conservative
- B.
Liberal
- C.
Restricted in what they can write.
- D.
Likely to act as gatekeepers and less likely to act as scorekeepers.
- E.
Critical of the presidency.
- 11.The television weekly 60 Minutes runs a segment on the role of local politicians in the drug trade. The issue soon becomes the subject of national debate. In this role 60 Minutes is acting as
- A.
Gatekeeper
- B.
Scorekeeper
- C.
Watchdog
- D.
Investigator
- E.
B & C
- 12.ABC news declares one presidential candidate the winner in a televised debate. In this role, ABC News is acting as
- A.
Gatekeeper.
- B.
Scorekeeper.
- C.
Watchdog.
- D.
Investigator.
- E.
C & D.
- 13.The New York Times publishes an article accusing a Texas senator of using his power to extract contributions from oil industry executives. In this role, the Times is acting as
- A.
Gatekeeper.
- B.
Scorekeeper.
- C.
Watchdog.
- D.
Sounding board.
- E.
Adjudicator.
- 14.Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution prevents the government from censoring the media?
- A.
The First
- B.
The Fifth
- C.
The Sixth
- D.
The Twenty-Seventh
- E.
None of the Above
- 15.For a newspaper to be found guilty of libel, the accused party must
- A.
Prove beyond a reasonable doubt that what was printed was damaging, even if it was printed accidentally.
- B.
Sue the reporter who wrote the story and not the newspaper that published it.
- C.
Sue the newspaper that published the story and not the reporter who wrote it.
- D.
Provide clear and convincing evidence that what was printed was malicious
- E.
Establish that what was printed could have been interpreted in more than one manner.
- 16.In general, what position has the Supreme Court taken on the government's right to compel reporters to divulge information concerning the commission of a crime?
- A.
It has ruled against it.
- B.
It has upheld it.
- C.
It has avoided ruling on it.
- D.
It has yet to rule on it.
- E.
It has ruled in a contradictory manner.
- 17.Until it was abolished in 1987, what obligated broadcasters to present contrasting sides of controversial public issues?
- A.
The right of reply rule.
- B.
The Communications Act of 1974.
- C.
The fairness doctrine.
- D.
The equal time rule.
- E.
The respondent superior doctrine.
- 18.The content of radio and television broadcasts is regulated in ways that newspapers and magazines are not. For example, broadcasters are required by law to
- A.
Sell equal time to all candidates.
- B.
Allow individuals the right to reply to an attack that occurred on a regular news program.
- C.
Allow a candidate to petition for a station's endorsement.
- D.
Present contrasting sides of controversial public issues.
- E.
Produce public debates and forums for the discussion of current issues.
- 19.A process that limits short-term effect of radio & television on voters is one that psychologists call
- A.
Burnout.
- B.
Stimulus-response acceleration.
- C.
Anticipatory apathy.
- D.
The iterative factor.
- E.
Selective attention.
- 20.Compared with other Western nations, the U.S. media play a much more important role in
- A.
Voicing the official government line.
- B.
Personalizing our leaders.
- C.
Reflecting the political agenda of the elite.
- D.
Dealing with critical issues.
- E.
Solving social problems.
- 21.According to recent polls, most Americans claim to get most of their news from
- A.
Magazines of opinion.
- B.
Local newspapers
- C.
National newspapers (e.g., the New York TImes).
- D.
National newsweeklies (e.g., Time)
- E.
Television.
- 22.Compared to the average citizen, members of the national media are
- A.
Far more conservative.
- B.
Somewhat more conservative.
- C.
Somewhat more liberal.
- D.
Far more liberal.
- E.
More moderate.
- 23.The type of new story that is most likely to raise the question of the source's motive is the
- A.
Routine story.
- B.
Selected story.
- C.
Insider story.
- D.
Local story.
- E.
Predicated story.
- 24.The source of a background story is typically
- A.
One of the wire services (AP, UP, Reuters).
- B.
Not identified by name.
- C.
The president's press secretary.
- D.
The president.
- E.
The president's chief of staff.
- 25.Among the weapons that the government uses to constrain journalists is the
- A.
Threat of the government's revoking of journalist's license.
- B.
Enforcement of the Freedom of Information Reform Act of 1976.
- C.
Need for journalists to stay on good terms with their inside sources of information.
- D.
Threat that press officers will bypass the local media and reach the national media directly.
- E.
The Supreme Court's ruling in Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire.
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