Quite Different And Important Animal Science Quiz

The correct answer is reticulum, abomasum, omasum, and rumen. These four components make up the ruminant digestive system. The reticulum is responsible for the initial breakdown of food, while the rumen is the main fermentation chamber where bacteria and other microorganisms break down cellulose. The omasum absorbs water and nutrients, and the abomasum acts as the true stomach where further digestion occurs. The other options listed do not include all four components of the ruminant digestive system.

The large intestine in both ruminants and monogastrics plays a crucial role in absorbing water from the digested food. After the food passes through the small intestine, it enters the large intestine where water is reabsorbed into the bloodstream. This helps in maintaining the body's hydration levels and preventing dehydration. Therefore, the statement is true.

Vitamin A deficiency is responsible for night blindness. Night blindness is a condition where a person has difficulty seeing in low light or at night. Vitamin A plays a crucial role in the functioning of the retina, which is responsible for vision in low light conditions. A deficiency in this vitamin can lead to a decrease in the production of a pigment called rhodopsin, which is necessary for vision in dim light. Therefore, a lack of vitamin A can result in night blindness.

The correct answer is sheep, cow, goats, camel. These animals are classified as ruminants because they have a specialized digestive system that allows them to digest plant material efficiently. Ruminants have a four-chambered stomach that helps break down and ferment the food they consume. Sheep, cows, goats, and camels all possess this type of digestive system, enabling them to extract nutrients from fibrous plant material.

Protein is a macronutrient that is composed of amino acids. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms. These atoms are essential components of the molecular structure of amino acids, which are then joined together to form proteins. Therefore, it is correct to say that protein contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.

Ruminants, such as cows and sheep, have a unique digestive system that allows them to break down and utilize urea, a waste product of protein metabolism, as a source of nitrogen. Urea is converted by specialized bacteria in the rumen into ammonia, which is then used by the ruminant's body to produce amino acids and ultimately protein. This adaptation enables ruminants to efficiently utilize low-quality forages, which often contain high levels of fiber and low levels of protein. Therefore, the statement that ruminants are able to use urea to produce amino acids and protein is true.

The seminal vesicles in the ram release seminal fluid to mix with sperm at ejaculation. Seminal fluid is an important component of semen, which provides nourishment and protection to the sperm. By mixing with the sperm, the seminal fluid helps in enhancing their motility and increasing their chances of successfully fertilizing an egg. Therefore, the release of seminal fluid by the seminal vesicles is crucial for successful reproduction in rams.

The statement "Ad lib means to feed freely" is true. Ad lib is a Latin phrase that means "at one's pleasure" or "as desired." In the context of feeding, it refers to allowing animals or individuals to eat freely and at their own will, without any restrictions or specific feeding schedules. So, the correct answer is true.

Sheep are seasonal breeders, meaning their breeding patterns are influenced by the changing seasons. As daylight hours start to decrease, it signals to the sheep that it is the breeding season. This is because the decrease in daylight triggers hormonal changes in the sheep, causing them to go into estrus or heat. Therefore, it is true that sheep will start breeding as daylight hours start to decrease.

Palatability refers to the taste, flavor, and overall appeal of food to an animal, which can influence its willingness to consume the food. It does not directly measure the amount of food an animal can eat in one day. Therefore, the statement that palatability means how much food an animal can eat in one day is false.

Bile is added in the duodenum to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the duodenum when needed. Bile helps to break down large fat molecules into smaller ones, making it easier for the enzymes in the small intestine to further digest and absorb them. Therefore, the statement that bile is added in the duodenum is true.

Shellgrit is a type of crushed shell that is rich in calcium. Calcium is an essential nutrient for chickens, especially for egg-laying hens. It is necessary for the development and maintenance of strong eggshells. By providing shellgrit to chickens, it ensures that they have an adequate supply of calcium, which supports the production of high-quality eggs with strong shells.

Calcium is important in an animal's diet because a lack of it can lead to rickets and milk fever. Rickets is a condition where the bones become weak and brittle, often leading to deformities. Milk fever, also known as hypocalcemia, is a condition that occurs in lactating animals where there is a sudden drop in blood calcium levels, leading to muscle weakness, tremors, and difficulty standing. Both conditions highlight the importance of calcium in maintaining strong bones and proper muscle function in animals.

Coastal disease is a lack of cobalt. This means that cobalt deficiency is associated with the occurrence of coastal disease. Cobalt is an essential micronutrient required for the proper functioning of many organisms, including humans. It plays a crucial role in the production of vitamin B12, which is important for the formation of red blood cells and the maintenance of a healthy nervous system. Therefore, a lack of cobalt can lead to various health issues and diseases, including those specifically related to coastal regions.

Chickens and other poultry actually start breeding as daylight hours start to increase, not decrease. This is because the longer daylight hours signal to the birds that it is the breeding season. As the days get longer, the birds' hormone levels increase, leading to increased fertility and breeding behavior. Therefore, the statement that they start breeding as daylight hours decrease is incorrect.

This statement is false. Hens do not hatch with a predetermined number of eggs they will produce over their lifetime. The number of eggs a hen will lay is influenced by various factors such as breed, age, health, diet, and environmental conditions. Additionally, a hen's egg production can vary throughout its lifetime, with peak production occurring in the first couple of years and gradually declining afterwards. Therefore, the total number of eggs a hen will produce cannot be determined at the time of hatching.

The correct answer is "the weight of feed eaten divided by the weight gained by animal." This is because the feed conversion rate is a measure of how efficiently an animal converts the feed it consumes into weight gain. By dividing the weight of feed eaten by the weight gained by the animal, we can determine how much feed is required for a certain amount of weight gain. The lower the feed conversion rate, the more efficient the animal is in converting feed into weight gain.

The statement says that the hen will produce an egg every 20 hours, but this is not true. Hens typically take around 24-26 hours to produce an egg, so the statement is false.

Oestrogen is a hormone that is primarily produced by the ovaries in females. It plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and reproductive system. One of its functions is to stimulate the development of secondary sexual characteristics during puberty, such as the growth of breasts and the widening of hips. Additionally, oestrogen is responsible for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy. However, the statement that oestrogen is produced to stimulate heat is not accurate. Oestrogen does not directly stimulate heat production in the body.

Ruminants have a unique digestive system that allows them to break down and ferment plant material in their rumen, a specialized stomach chamber. During this fermentation process, carbohydrates are broken down by microbes into volatile fatty acids, which are then absorbed by the ruminant as a source of energy. However, not all of the carbohydrates can be fully digested, and some are converted into methane gas by methanogenic microbes. Therefore, methane is produced by a ruminant as a byproduct of carbohydrate digestion. Carbon dioxide is also produced during this process as a byproduct of microbial metabolism.

The annual breeding cycle is also known as oestrus. Oestrus refers to the recurring physiological and behavioral changes that occur in female mammals, including humans, during the reproductive cycle. This cycle typically occurs once a year and involves the release of eggs and the readiness for mating. The term oestrus is commonly used in the context of animal breeding and reproductive biology to describe this specific reproductive cycle.

Ruminants have a specialized digestive system that allows them to break down plant material through fermentation. The rumen, a large fermentation chamber in their stomach, contains bacteria that can break down complex carbohydrates into simpler molecules. These bacteria also have the ability to synthesize proteins, which are essential for the ruminant's nutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is that ruminants can synthesize proteins using bacteria in the rumen.

The omasum is not the stomach of a ruminant that secretes hydrochloric acid to digest food. The omasum is actually the third compartment of a ruminant's stomach, and its main function is to absorb water, electrolytes, and some nutrients from the partially digested food before it moves on to the abomasum for further digestion. The abomasum is the true stomach of a ruminant where hydrochloric acid is secreted to break down proteins and other nutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Fats and carbohydrates are organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. These elements are essential for the formation of these macronutrients. Carbon is the backbone of these molecules, providing the structural framework. Hydrogen and oxygen atoms are also present, contributing to the overall composition and properties of fats and carbohydrates.

Production energy refers to the energy needed by an animal for various physiological processes such as growth, pregnancy, and lactation. During pregnancy, the energy requirements of an animal increase significantly to support the growth and development of the fetus. Lactation, on the other hand, requires energy for the production of milk to nourish the offspring. Both pregnancy and lactation are crucial stages in an animal's life where additional energy is necessary to ensure the health and survival of the offspring.