Anesthesia Technology: Final Exam Review For Anesthesia Equipment 202

In the event of a fire in the OR, it is important to turn off the flow of oxygen.

• True

• False

A fire in the operating room requires three components:

• Match, plastic, and oxidizing source

• Ignition source, plastic, and nitrous oxide

• Fuel, nitrous oxide, and explosives

• Fuel, oxidizing sourse, and ignition source

• Oxidizing source, ignition source, and helium

Spinal Pharmacology: Gravity has no affect on Local Anesthetics during spinal anesthesia.

• True

• False

It is permissible to scrub without removing rings.

• True

• False

Which of the following would not be required to be available during placement of a routine peripheral nerve block?

• Ultrasound machine with gel

• Sterile prep

• X-ray equipment (eg; flouroscopy)

• Basic monitoring equipment

• Peripheral nerve stimulator

A _____________ mask is used when treating patients with TB.

Epidural anesthesia is slower in onset (10-20 mins) and may not be as dense as spinal anesthesia.

• True

• False

Which is the primary reason to pad peripheral nerves when positioning patients?

• The pad improves blood flow

• The pad limits stretch of the nerve

• The pad increase strain on the nerve

• The pad distributes point pressure

Vasoconstrictors to what to spinal blocks?

• Prolong the duration

• Shorten the duration

• Block the effects

• Have no effect

All of the following statements are true except:

• Femoral nerve blocks are commonly used for knee surgery

• Femoral nerve blocks are commonly used for hand surgeries

• Brachial plexus blocks are commonly used for upper extremity surgery

• Epidurals are commonly used for lower extremity surgery

• None of the above

The dispersive pad for electrosurgery _______________.

• Should be placed over the hairiest possible part of the body

• Should be placed over a patient's total hip replacement

• Should be placed over a well-muscled area, such as the thigh

• Should be placed over a bony prominence 

• Is not necessary most of the time

What does LIM stand for?

• Line Isolation Monitors

• Long Insulated Monitor

• Line Induction Monitor

• Line Intubation Monitors 

The most common perioperative neuropathy involves which peripheral nerve?

• Median

• Sciatic

• Ulnar

• Obturator

Which of the following my increase the risk of perioperative neuropathy?

• Elbow flexion

• Improperly positioned operating room equipment

• Shoulder abduction

• Head that has fallen off the pillow

• All of the above

Wearing artificial or acrylic nails in the surgical setting is:

• Permitted if they are in good repair

• Unacceptable because they may harbor microorganisms

• Permitted if polish is less than four days old

• Unacceptable for aesthetic reasons

Which of the following are potential complications of nerve blocks?

• Bleeding or infections

• Seizures

• Pneumothorax or diaphragm dysfunction

• Nerve injury

• All of the above

Preoperative fasting and surgical stress induce ______________ resistance.

• Insulin

• Sodium

• Epinephrine

• Opioid

"Neuraxial blockade of nociceptive stimuli by epidural and spinal local anesthetics has been shown to blunt the metabolic and neuroendocrine stress response to surgery."

• True

• False

Risks associated with jet ventilation include:

• Eye injury

• Burns

• Aspiration of gastric contents

• Infection 

• Pain

The proper response to a LIM alarm is to:

• Shut off power to the OR

• Silence the alarm and go about your business

• Notify the power company that there is a grounding problem

• Unplug the equipment, one at a time, starting with the last item plugged in

• None of the above

"Transverse adbominis plan (TAP) block has been used for ______________ surgery to facilitate postoperative analgesia and early return of bowel function."

• Abdominal

• Sacral

• Thoracic

• Lumbar

When taking off the gown at the end of the case, the gloves’ cuffs usually turn down as the sleeves pass off the arms. The wearer removes the gloves using which one of the techniques listed below?

• Pull off by fingers of each glove

• Glove-to-glove and then skin-to-skin

• Open-glove technique

• Scrubbed person’s choice if gloves are not too dirty

Appropriate surgical attire for the scrub person includes:

1. Headgear that covers all hair
2. Protective eyewear
3. A face mask
4. Shoes that provide protection

• 1 and 3

• 1, 2, and 3

• 2, 3, and 4

• 1, 2, 3, and 4

"Because neuraxial anesthesia techniques are commonly employed for many patients during major abdominal, vascular, thoracic and orthopedic surgery, appropriate timing and administration of of antithrombotic agents in these cases is of critical importance in order to avoid the risk of epidural _________________."

• Hematoma

• Infection

• Dislodging 

• Ineffectiveness 

The recommended type of fire extinguisher for use in an OR is:

• CO₂

• Pressurized Water

• Halon

• Dry Powder

• None of the above

A Thoracic Blockade (T1 - T4 Blockade) causes unopposed vagal stimulation and bradycardia.

• True

• False

What gland can be affected by radiation?

Which is the most common cause of perioperative peroneal neuropathy in a patient who is positioned in a lithotomy position?

• Compression of a nerve by a leg holder as the nerve wraps around the fibular head

• Hyperextension of the knee and ankle simultaneously 

• Prolonged dorsiflexion of the foot in a leg holder

• Excessive hip flexion when the lower extremity is placed in a leg holder

Benefits of laser over other surgical techniques include all of the following except:

• Decreased pain

• Expense

• Decreased swelling

• Decreased bleeding

• Ability to target difficult-to-reach regions of the body

Because of concerns of loss of power, essential equipment in the OR should be plugged into ______________.

• White sockets

• Red sockets

• Either socket because it doesn't matter

• Neither, it should be run off batter power

• Surge protectors

Which maneuver increases the risk of brachial plexopathy in a prone-positioned patient?

• Abduction of the shoulder for greater than 90 degrees

• Flexion of the elbow for greater than 90 degrees

• Neutral position of the head

• Placement of the arms at the side

RACE stands for:

• Remove, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish 

• Recover, Alarm, Cover, Evacuate

• Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Evacuate

• Respond, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish

• None of the above

During gowning, the circulating nurse can assists the scrub person by:

• Pulling the bottom edge of the front of the gown to eliminate blousing

• Helping to get the creases out of the gown’s sleeves by pulling the shoulders up

• Reaching inside the gown and pulling the inside seam

• All of the above

Which of the following is false regarding spinal anesthesia?

• For placement the patient is placed in a sitting or lateral position

• The needle is placed at the level of the lumbar spine

• The patient should have basic monitors placed prior to the injection of local anesthetic

• A "high spinal" may result in severe hypotension or apnea

• The spine should be as straight as possible to facilitate needle placement

___________________ pain is defined as chronic pain that continues beyond the typical healing period of 1-2 months following surgery - or well past the normal period for post-op follow-up by anesthesia providers - is increasingly acknowledged as a common and significant issue following surgery.

• Persistent postsurgical

• Ongoing Chronic

• Preoperative Chronic

• Persistent Acute

______________________ have been used to blunt the sympathetic response during laryngoscopy and intubation and to attenuate the surgical stress-induced increase in circulating catecholamines.

• Beta Blockers

• COX-Blockers

• Angiotensin Blockers

• Alpha Blockers

Where should the scrubbed person hold onto his or her gown when lifting it up to don it?

• The sterile exterior of the gown

• The inside seams at armpits

• The inside front of the gown just below the neckband

• At the waist

_____________ refers to the density of a substance compared to the density of human cerebrospinal fluid.

• Baricity

• Tonicity

• Clarity

• Concentration

Which of the following statements is false regarding a test dose of local anesthetic for an epidural catheter?

• The test dose will detect a pneumothorax

• The test should not cause a high spinal

• The test dose is used to detect intrathecal injection

• The test dose is used to detect intravascular injection

• The test dose will often contain epinephrine

When performing a surgical scrub with an antimicrobial agent, how far up the arm must an individual scrub?

• Up to the armpit

• Two inches above the elbow

• To the elbow

• Four inches above the wrist

"The scientific rational for ______________ analgesia is to combine different classes of medications, having different pharmacological mechanisms of action and additive or synergistic effects, to control multiple perioperative pathophsyiological factors that can lead to postoperative pain and its sequelae."

• Multimodal

• Multiple

• All

• Comprehensive

What patient position is commonly compared to the "fetal position"?

• Lateral decubitus

• Buie's

• Sitting

• Trendelenburg

A-line transducer bracket should be at level of patient's _______________.

_____________ can cause spontaneous abortions if a pregnant woman comes in contact with them accidentally (most vulnerable in the 1st trimester)

• Volatile Anesthetics

• Opiods

• Local Anethetics

• NMBD's

All of the following statements apply when drying the hands and arms except:

• Bend over slightly from the waist.

• Begin drying with the hand and move up the arm

• Dry thoroughly to avoid skin irritation

• Roll the towel before discarding into the appropriate container.

When one or both gloves must be changed without assistance, which one of the following methods listed below should be used?

• Double gloving

• Open-glove technique

• Barehanded gloving

• Closed-glove technique

The scrub person may use the closed-glove method to change one or both gloves if they become contaminated.

• True

• False

An LIM will protect against microshock.

• True

• False