Ancient Buildings Of The Athenian Agora

Towards the end of the Archaic Period several new government buildings were built. The Bouleuterion was the official name for the Senate House. It housed the archives of the city. When the Senate moved to a new building constructed next door the building became known as the Metroon.

During the Roman Period, the Agora, which refers to the central public space in ancient Greek cities, reached its peak in terms of development. This means that it was at its highest level of advancement and importance during this period. The Romans were known for their architectural and urban planning skills, and they likely contributed to the growth and improvement of the Agora during their rule. Therefore, the statement "During the Roman Period the Agora was at its greatest level of development" is true.

The Panathenaic Way is the main street which passes diagonally through the Agora. It enters the city at the Dipylon gate and leads to the Acropolis.

The Royal Stoa, also known as the Stoa Basileios was probably built in the Archaic period. Two wings were added at both ends at a later date and against these the inscribed law code was displayed. Its was small for a stoa and built in the Doric order, its eight columned facade overlooking the Agora and the Panathenaic Way.

The monument was created during the democratic Kleisthenic reforms and represented the abolition of the old Ionic power structure which consisted of four tribes. It was situated within the boundary of the Agora and near the seat of government which reflects its political, cultural and social importance.

The building stood near the public Agora and other public office buildings.

The Odeion of Agrippa was the most imposing structure added during the Roman Period and sat right in the center of the old square. It served as a concert hall seating about a thousand people. The exterior columns and pilasters were of the Corinthian order. At several stories high, it dominated the other buildings of the Agora.

The Basilica may have been the administration centre of the Roman officials in Athens during the later Roman Period.

The Greek name for the law courts on the south side of the Agora is "Heliaia" or "heliaia" or "the Heliaia" or "The Heliaia".

Horos is the singular, and Horoi the plural. The stones in the NW corner marking the main entrance to the Agora were additionally known as Herms, as they had the likeness of the God Hermes carved upon them.

The stones clearly defined the Agora and served to prevent both public and private buildings from encroaching the open space. There were also sacred 'perirrhanteria' (basins for holy water) placed at the entrances to the square, indicating the Agora's religious importance. Law-breakers, cowards, deserters and non-citizens were barred entry and had to keep outside the boundary. In other words they were denied participation in the public and social life of the city.

The correct answer is "Bouleuterion". A bouleuterion is a building where representatives of the people would gather on a daily basis. The other options, including "bouleuterion", "the Bouleuterion", "Old Bouleuterion", and "New Bouleuterion" are all variations or descriptions of the same building.

The Stoa of Attalos is the fullest development of its building type. It is a two-story structure with a double colonnade and twenty-one shops on each floor. Constructed from marble and limestone, the bottom third of each exterior column was left unfluted to prevent chipping from the constant passage of goods and consumers.

The correct answer is Tholos. A Tholos is a circular building with a conical or dome-shaped roof. The description of the building having diamond-shaped roof tiles resembling fish scales does not match the characteristics of a Stoa or Bouleuterion. Additionally, the mention of a group of senators being on duty twenty-four hours a day suggests that the building was a meeting place or council chamber, which aligns with the function of a Tholos.

The ten statues stood on a plinth over 16m long and almost 2m wide. A tripod (representing Apollo's symbol of prophecy) was placed at either end of the pedastal to represent the Delphic Oracle's role in the heroes' selection. It also functioned as a public noticeboard and messages for each tribe were hung along the base under the appropriate statue. Messages ranged from lists for military conscription, public honours and court hearings as well as legislation due to be submitted to the assembly,so that citizens could have a few days to consider matters before voting.

The correct answer is The Hephaisteion. The temple is described as the largest and most lavish temple near the Agora, built mostly of marble with beautifully sculptured friezes and a coffered ceiling. It is also mentioned that the temple sits atop a hill to the west and still exists today, being one of the best-preserved Greek temples from antiquity.

The Lithos stood in front of the Royal Stoa, a prominent location in itself, but not at the centre of the Agora.

Here the officials that administrated the commercial life of the city also had offices. The records of the 'metronomi' the inspectors of weights and measures were inscribed into one of the walls in red paint.

The Temple of Ares was built in the later Roman Period.

Also known as the 'Stoa Poikile' and originally 'The Peisianaktios' (after its constructor Persianax) it had Doric columns on the outside and Ionic within. Most of the building was made from limestone and could have been more than 36m long. Paintings on large removable wooden panels were hung on the inner walls and depicted military victories both mythological and historical against the Spartans, Persians, Amazons and the Greeks at Troy.

The correct answer is "Dromos, dromos, the Dromos, The Dromos." In this sentence, "Dromos" refers to the principle thoroughfare of the city. The variations in capitalization ("Dromos" and "the Dromos") suggest that the term can be used in different contexts or with different levels of formality. The repetition of "dromos" and "The Dromos" emphasizes the importance of this thoroughfare and its significance in Athens as the Panathenaic Way.

The Tholos was a large unadorned building about 18m in diameter with six interior columns to support the roof - which may have had an oculus in the centre to provide light and air. It was the headquarters for the 50 senators of the Boule and also served as their dining chamber for hundreds of years after its emergence in the early Classical Period.

The Monopteros was a small circular feature in front of the Basilica and the Stoa of Attalos, built in the 2nd century AD and possibly functioned as a temple or fountain.

1) The southern columned facade took advantage of the low winter sun for its warmth
2) The portico/colonnade provided a shaded space away from the summer sun or rain for the public to use
3) The comparatively blind face of the back wall protected the building against the cold north wind

The early Agora, or site of the current Agora, had multiple functions. It served as a burial ground, a racetrack for Panathenaic games, a monthly slave market, and a performance space for drama and music contests.

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