Trivia Questions: A Test On Cells! Quiz

Explanation
Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in cells. They are small organelles composed of RNA and proteins. Ribosomes can be found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. They read the genetic information stored in the DNA and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins. This process is essential for the growth, repair, and functioning of cells. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy, chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis, and the nucleus contains the genetic material, but none of these organelles directly participate in protein synthesis.

Explanation
Ribosomes are present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, also have ribosomes that are responsible for protein synthesis. Therefore, the statement that only eukaryotic cells possess ribosomes is incorrect.

Explanation
The statement "All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane" is true because the cell membrane is a vital component of all cells. It acts as a protective barrier, separating the internal components of the cell from the external environment. The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing it to maintain its internal balance and carry out its functions effectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that all cells indeed have a cell membrane surrounding them.

Explanation
The rough ER, or rough endoplasmic reticulum, is responsible for transporting proteins. It is called "rough" because it is studded with ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis. As proteins are synthesized by the ribosomes, they are transported into the rough ER for further processing and modification. The rough ER then packages these proteins into vesicles and transports them to the Golgi body for further processing and distribution to their final destinations within the cell or outside of it. Therefore, the rough ER plays a crucial role in the transportation of proteins within the cell.

Explanation
A vesicle is a small sac-like organelle that is involved in the transport of materials within the cell. It can be compared to a moving truck because it carries various substances such as proteins, lipids, and other molecules from one part of the cell to another. Vesicles are responsible for the movement of materials between different organelles, as well as between the cell and its external environment. They bud off from the Golgi body or other organelles and travel along the cytoskeleton to their destination. Therefore, vesicles can be considered as the cell organelle that works like a moving truck.

Explanation
Centrioles are cylindrical structures found in animal cells that play a role in cell division and the organization of the cytoskeleton. They are not present in plant cells. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that are responsible for photosynthesis. Cell walls are present in both plant and animal cells, but they are more prominent in plant cells. Vacuoles are also found in both plant and animal cells, but they are larger and more numerous in plant cells. Therefore, the correct answer is centriole, as it is the only organelle listed that is found in animals but not in plants.

Explanation
The jelly-like substance that supports cells is called cytoplasm. It is a semi-fluid material that fills the cell and provides a medium for cellular processes to occur. Cytoplasm contains various organelles, such as mitochondria and ribosomes, and it also helps to maintain the shape and structure of the cell.

Explanation
Lysosomes are cell organelles that contain enzymes capable of breaking down and digesting cellular waste, worn-out organelles, and foreign substances. They play a crucial role in maintaining cellular health by recycling and disposing of cellular debris. Vesicles are small sacs that transport substances within the cell, vacuoles are storage organelles, and chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells. Therefore, lysosome is the correct answer as it specifically carries out the function of digesting worn-out parts for the cell.

Explanation
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms. It is found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. Since all cells, whether they are prokaryotic or eukaryotic, contain genetic material that carries the instructions for life, it can be concluded that DNA is indeed found in all cells. Therefore, the correct answer is True.