Age Specific Care Competency Part 2

1.

A 90-year-old patient comes to the clinic with a family member. During the health history, the patient is unable to respond to questions in a logical manner. The gerontological nurse's action is to:

A.

ask the family member to answer the questions.
B.

ask the same questions in a louder and lower voice.
C.

determine if the patient knows the name of the current president.
D.

Rephrase the questions slightly, and slowly repeat them in a lower voice.

Correct Answer
D. Rephrase the questions slightly, and slowly repeat them in a lower voice.

Explanation
In this scenario, the patient's inability to respond to questions in a logical manner suggests cognitive impairment or difficulty in understanding. By rephrasing the questions slightly and repeating them in a lower voice, the gerontological nurse aims to enhance communication and improve the patient's comprehension. This approach takes into consideration the patient's age and potential hearing difficulties, making it easier for them to understand and respond to the questions. Asking the family member to answer the questions may not be appropriate if the patient is capable of answering, and asking the same questions in a louder or lower voice may not address the underlying issue of cognitive impairment.

Rate this question:

2.

When teaching an independent, older adult patient how to self-administer insulin, the most productive approach is to:

A.

facilitate involvement in a small group where the skill is being taught.
B.

Gather information about the patient's family health history.
C.

Use repeated, return demonstrations to promote the patient's retention of the involved tasks.
D.

Provide frequent, competitive skills testing to enhance learning.

Correct Answer
C. Use repeated, return demonstrations to promote the patient's retention of the involved tasks.

Explanation
The most productive approach when teaching an independent, older adult patient how to self-administer insulin is to use repeated, return demonstrations to promote the patient's retention of the involved tasks. This approach allows the patient to practice the skill multiple times, reinforcing their understanding and ability to perform the task correctly. It also provides an opportunity for the healthcare provider to assess the patient's progress and address any areas of confusion or difficulty. This method is effective in ensuring that the patient can confidently and independently administer insulin.

Rate this question:

1

3.

An effective way to adequately provide nourishishment to a patient with moderate dementia is:

A.

Allowing the patient to choose foods from a varied menu.
B.

serving soup in a mug, and offering finger foods.
C.

Hand-feeding the patient's favorite foods.
D.

Routinely reminding the patient about the need for adequate nutrition.

Correct Answer
B. serving soup in a mug, and offering finger foods.

Explanation
Serving soup in a mug and offering finger foods is an effective way to provide nourishment to a patient with moderate dementia. Patients with dementia may have difficulty using utensils or may have trouble with coordination, so serving soup in a mug allows them to easily consume the liquid without the need for a spoon. Offering finger foods also makes it easier for the patient to eat independently and ensures they are receiving adequate nutrition. This approach promotes independence and dignity while ensuring the patient receives the necessary nourishment.

Rate this question:

4.

The American Nurses Association's Gerontological Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice emphasizes:

A.

The role of the older adult as the sole decision maker in planning his or her care.
B.

that the health status data of older adults be documented in a retrievable form.
C.

The unchanging nature of the goals and plans of care for older adult patients.
D.

That abnormal responses to the aging process determine the appropriate nursing diagnoses.

Correct Answer
B. that the health status data of older adults be documented in a retrievable form.

Explanation
The correct answer is that the health status data of older adults be documented in a retrievable form. This emphasizes the importance of maintaining accurate and accessible records of the health status of older adult patients. This is crucial for effective communication and coordination of care among healthcare professionals, as well as for monitoring and evaluating the outcomes of interventions. It also supports continuity of care and enables evidence-based practice in gerontological nursing.

Rate this question:

5.

A patient with gout should follow what type of diet?

A.

Renal Diet
B.

Low-purine diet
C.

Potassium-modified diet
D.

High-calcium diet

Correct Answer
B. Low-purine diet

Explanation
A patient with gout should follow a low-purine diet because purines are broken down into uric acid, which can accumulate in the joints and cause inflammation and pain. By reducing the intake of high-purine foods such as organ meats, seafood, and certain vegetables like spinach and mushrooms, the patient can lower the levels of uric acid in their body and manage their gout symptoms effectively. This type of diet helps prevent the formation of uric acid crystals and reduces the frequency and severity of gout attacks.

Rate this question:

6.

A patient with anemia would benefit from which diet?

A.

Legumes, organ meat, and dark green leafy vegetables
B.

Nuts and seeds, fruits, and soy products
C.

Vegetables, fish, and pasta
D.

Grains, berries, and organic vegetables

Correct Answer
A. Legumes, organ meat, and dark green leafy vegetables

Explanation
A patient with anemia would benefit from a diet that includes legumes, organ meat, and dark green leafy vegetables because these foods are rich in iron, which is essential for the production of red blood cells. Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia, and consuming iron-rich foods can help increase the body's iron levels and improve symptoms of anemia. Additionally, organ meat and dark green leafy vegetables also provide other important nutrients such as vitamin B12 and folate, which are necessary for healthy red blood cell production.

Rate this question:

7.

A patient receiving dialysis should avoid what type of foods?

A.

Canned soups, cold cut sandwiches, and Chinese take-out
B.

Fresh fruits and vegetable, poultry, and beans
C.

Steamed broccoli, broiled mackerel, and artificial sweeteners
D.

Microwaved sweet potatoes, boiled cabbage, and artichokes

Correct Answer
B. Fresh fruits and vegetable, poultry, and beans

Explanation
A patient receiving dialysis should avoid foods that are high in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus. Fresh fruits and vegetables, poultry, and beans are all high in these minerals and should be limited in the diet of a dialysis patient. Canned soups, cold cut sandwiches, and Chinese take-out are also high in sodium and should be avoided. Steamed broccoli, broiled mackerel, and artificial sweeteners do not pose a problem for dialysis patients. Microwaved sweet potatoes, boiled cabbage, and artichokes are low in sodium, potassium, and phosphorus and can be included in a dialysis patient's diet in moderation.

Rate this question:

8.

In which of the following ways can the nurse promote the sense of taste for an older adult?

A.

Encourage the client to chew food thoroughly
B.

Mix foods together on the dinner tray
C.

Avoid cologne, air fresheners, or room deodorizers
D.

Discourage the use of salt or seasonings with prepared food

Correct Answer
A. Encourage the client to chew food thoroughly

Explanation
Encouraging the client to chew food thoroughly can promote the sense of taste for an older adult. Chewing food thoroughly helps to release the flavors and aromas of the food, enhancing the taste experience. As people age, their sense of taste may diminish, and encouraging thorough chewing can help to stimulate the taste buds and make the food more enjoyable.

Rate this question:

9.

The home care nurse is visiting an older female client whose husband died 6 months ago. Which behavior, by the client, indicates ineffective coping?

A.

Visiting her husband’s grave once a month
B.

Participating in a senior citizens program
C.

Looking at old snapshots of her family
D.

Neglecting her personal grooming

Correct Answer
D. Neglecting her personal grooming

Explanation
Coping mechanisms are behaviors used to decrease stress and anxiety. In response to a death, ineffective coping is manifested by an extreme behavior that in some instances may be harmful to the individual physically or psychologically. Option D is indicative of a behavior that identifies an ineffective coping behavior in the grieving process.

Rate this question:

10.

The nurse who volunteers at a senior citizens center is planning activities for the members who attend the center. Which activity would best promote health and maintenance for these senior citizens?

A.

Gardening every day for an hour
B.

Cycling 3 times a week for 20 minutes
C.

Sculpting once a week for 40 minutes
D.

Walking 3 to 5 times a week for 30 minutes

Correct Answer
D. Walking 3 to 5 times a week for 30 minutes

Explanation
Exercise and activity are essential for health promotion and maintenance in the older adult and to achieve an optimal level of functioning. About half of the physical deterioration of the older client is caused by disuse rather that by the aging process or disease. One of the best exercises for an older adult is walking, progressing to 30 minutes session 3 to 5 times each week. Swimming and dancing are also beneficial.

Rate this question:

Age Specific care Competency Part 2

A 90-year-old patient comes to the clinic with a family member. During the health history, the patient is unable to respond to questions in a logical manner. The gerontological nurse's action is to:

When teaching an independent, older adult patient how to self-administer insulin, the most productive approach is to:

An effective way to adequately provide nourishishment to a patient with moderate dementia is:

The American Nurses Association's Gerontological Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice emphasizes:

A patient with gout should follow what type of diet?

A patient with anemia would benefit from which diet?

A patient receiving dialysis should avoid what type of foods?

In which of the following ways can the nurse promote the sense of taste for an older adult?

The home care nurse is visiting an older female client whose husband died 6 months ago. Which behavior, by the client, indicates ineffective coping?

The nurse who volunteers at a senior citizens center is planning activities for the members who attend the center. Which activity would best promote health and maintenance for these senior citizens?