Academic Advising Nbr. 09 - College Student Development

1. Josselson's Theory of Identity Development in Women. Choose the identity statuses as defined in the theory.

Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional

Foreclosure, Diffusion, Moratorium, and Achievement

Pre-conventional, Conventional, and Post-conventional

Pre-reflective thinkers, Quasi-reflective thinkers, and Reflective thinkers

Identity confusion, Identity comparison, Identity Tolerance, Identity Acceptance, Identity Pride, and Identity Synthesis

A. These are terms from Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities and Environments.
B. This is the correct answer. Josselson used Marcia's identity states as a basis for her theory.
C. These are terms from Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Reasoning.
D. These are terms from the Reflective Judgment Model.
E. These are terms from Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Formation.

Explanation

A. These are terms from Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities and Environments.
B. This is the correct answer. Josselson used Marcia's identity states as a basis for her theory.
C. These are terms from Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Reasoning.
D. These are terms from the Reflective Judgment Model.
E. These are terms from Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Formation.

2. The Cross Model of Psychological Nigrescence. Choose the stages as identified in this model.

Identity confusion, Identity comparison, Identity Tolerance, Identity Acceptance, Identity Pride, and Identity Synthesis.

Pre-reflective thinkers, Quasi-reflective thinkers, and Reflective thinkers.

Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional

Pre-encounter, Encounter, Immersion-Emersion, Internalization, Internalization-Commitment.

Pre-encounter, Encounter, Post-encounter, Immersion, Emersion, Internalization, Internalization, and Commitment.

A. This is from Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Formation.
B. These are terms from the Reflective Judgment Model.
C. These are terms from Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities and Environments.
D. This is the correct answer.
E. This answer is incorrect.

Explanation

A. This is from Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Formation.
B. These are terms from the Reflective Judgment Model.
C. These are terms from Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities and Environments.
D. This is the correct answer.
E. This answer is incorrect.

3. Helm's White Identity Development Model. Choose the statuses described in the model.

Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional

Identity confusion, Identity comparison, Identity Tolerance, Identity Acceptance, Identity Pride, and Identity Synthesis.

Anger, Confusion, Exploration, Commitment, and Pride

Contact, Disintegration, Reintegration, Pseudo-Independence, Immersion-Emersion, Autonomy

Pre-reflective thinkers, Quasi-reflective thinkers, and Reflective thinkers

A. These are terms from Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities and Environments.
B. This is from Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Formation.
C. This is incorrect.
D. This is the correct answer.
E. These are terms from the Reflective Judgment Model.

Explanation

A. These are terms from Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities and Environments.
B. This is from Cass's Model of Homosexual Identity Formation.
C. This is incorrect.
D. This is the correct answer.
E. These are terms from the Reflective Judgment Model.

4. In Josselson's Theory of Identity Development in Women, which are true statements? Women in the Achievement stage... (Choose all that apply)

...are successful in achieving balance between work, relationships, and interests.

...use their work to express themselves.

...drift through life perpetually in crisis about their identity.

...break the psychological ties to their childhood and form separate, distinct identities.

...value their own competence and feel pride in themselves, not by seeking the approval of others to affirm their self-worth.

A.B.D.E. are correct.
C. This is an incorrect answer.

Explanation

A.B.D.E. are correct.
C. This is an incorrect answer.

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5. In Josselson's Theory of Identity Development in Women, which are true statements? Women in the Foreclosure stage... (Choose all that apply)

...are women who graduate from college with a commitment to an identity, but have not experienced and identity crisis.

...break the psychological ties to their childhood and form separate, distinct identities.

...use childhood assumptions and identifications as the basis for their lives.

...seek security in relationships, not in work, even when they are successful in a career.

...are marked by a lack of crisis and commitment.

A.C.D. are correct statements about Foreclosures.
B. This is true of women at the Achievement stage.
E. This is true of women at the Diffusion stage. One difference between the Foreclosure stage and the Diffusion stage is that Foreclosures make a commitment to their identity, but women in the Diffusion stage do not.

Explanation

A.C.D. are correct statements about Foreclosures.
B. This is true of women at the Achievement stage.
E. This is true of women at the Diffusion stage. One difference between the Foreclosure stage and the Diffusion stage is that Foreclosures make a commitment to their identity, but women in the Diffusion stage do not.

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6. In Josselson's Theory of Identity Development in Women, which are true statements? Women in the Moratorium stage... (Choose all that apply)

...avoid crisis and commit to their current identity.

...is a time of instability and experimentation while searching for a new identity.

...have a tendency to daydream of their future spectacular achievements.

...likely to base their relationships on the needs of the partnership and not on social ideas of the 'ideal' marriage.

...frequently report having overprotective mothers in childhood.

A. This is an incorrect answer.
B.C.E. These are true for women in the Moratorium stage.
D. This is true for a women in the Achievement stage.

Explanation

A. This is an incorrect answer.
B.C.E. These are true for women in the Moratorium stage.
D. This is true for a women in the Achievement stage.

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7. In the Cross Model of Psychological Nigrescence, individuals first view race as unimportant. Then they have an encounter that shatters their identity and worldview. In the next stage... (Choose all that apply)

Individuals withdraw and become depressed.

Individuals tend to disparage white people and white culture as they withdraw from other ethnic groups.

Individuals feel anger at white culture, guilt for believing what they were told, and pride in their culture.

The individual their 'I' orientation with a 'we' orientation.

A. This is an incorrect answer.
B.C.D. These are correct answers.
E. This is not part of the next stage. It is part of the last stage -- Internalization-Commitment.

Explanation

A. This is an incorrect answer.
B.C.D. These are correct answers.
E. This is not part of the next stage. It is part of the last stage -- Internalization-Commitment.

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