Science 4 Water Cycle Final Test

Oceans contain the largest amount of water on Earth. They cover about 71% of the planet's surface and hold approximately 97% of the Earth's water. This vast amount of water is in the form of saltwater, which is not suitable for drinking or irrigation. Oceans play a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate and weather patterns, as well as supporting a diverse range of marine life.

The statement suggests that we can create more water once we run out. However, this is not true as water is a finite resource on Earth. While the water cycle allows for the recycling and redistribution of water, it does not create more water. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

Rainfall that soaks into the soil slowly would be the most helpful to farmers. This is because slow infiltration allows water to penetrate deep into the soil, reaching the plant roots and replenishing groundwater reserves. It helps in maintaining soil moisture levels, which is crucial for crop growth and development. Slowly soaked soil also reduces the risk of runoff and erosion, preventing nutrient loss and soil degradation. Overall, this type of rainfall promotes better water availability for crops, leading to improved agricultural productivity.

The explanation for the correct answer "True" is that the water on Earth is constantly recycled through the water cycle. This means that the water we have today is the same water that has been on Earth for billions of years. It has been evaporated from oceans, lakes, and rivers, then condensed into clouds, and finally fallen back to Earth as precipitation. This process has been happening for thousands of years, so it is highly likely that the water we drink today is the same water that dinosaurs drank millions of years ago.

The correct answer is from A to B. In the water cycle model, precipitation occurs when water vapor condenses in the atmosphere and falls to the Earth's surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. In this model, water evaporates from the surface (A), rises into the atmosphere, and then condenses into clouds (B). Eventually, the condensed water droplets become heavy enough to fall back to the surface as precipitation. Therefore, precipitation is occurring from A to B in this water cycle model.

On a warm, sunny day, the temperature is high and the sunlight is abundant. This combination creates ideal conditions for evaporation to occur. The warmth increases the kinetic energy of water molecules, causing them to move faster and escape from the surface of the pond as water vapor. The sunlight provides the necessary energy to drive the evaporation process. Therefore, on a warm, sunny day, one would expect the most evaporation from the surface of a pond.

Wells are typically a source of groundwater, which is replenished by rainwater seeping into the ground. As rain falls, it percolates through the soil, gradually making its way down and filling the underground reservoirs called aquifers. These aquifers act as natural storage spaces for water, and wells are drilled into them to access this water for drinking purposes. Therefore, the correct answer is that rain sinks down through the soil into wells.

When heavy rains soak the soil near a river, the excess water will flow into the river, causing it to rise. The additional water from the rain will increase the volume and depth of the river, leading to a rise in its water level. This is a common phenomenon during periods of heavy rainfall, as the river acts as a natural drainage system for the surrounding area. Therefore, the correct answer is "rise."

Water vapor in the air returns to Earth through the process of condensation and precipitation. When water vapor cools down, it condenses into tiny water droplets, forming clouds. As these droplets continue to grow, they eventually become heavy enough to fall back to the Earth's surface as precipitation, such as rain, snow, or hail. Therefore, the water vapor does not simply evaporate and is blown by the wind or stick to surfaces, but rather it undergoes condensation and precipitation to return to the Earth.

The state of water (gas, liquid, or solid ice) is determined by its temperature. At higher temperatures, water exists as a gas, while at lower temperatures, it becomes a solid (ice). The temperature at which water changes its state is known as its melting point (0 degrees Celsius) and boiling point (100 degrees Celsius at sea level). Therefore, the temperature is the controlling factor for the phase of water.

The best topic sentence for the student's journal would be "Water vapor condenses when it is cooled." This sentence accurately reflects the observation made by the student, as they noticed water droplets forming on the cold can of pop. This indicates that the water vapor in the air had condensed when it came into contact with the colder surface of the can.

At 100˚C, water reaches its boiling point. This means that the water molecules gain enough energy to break the intermolecular bonds and transition from a liquid state to a gaseous state, forming water vapor. Therefore, the correct answer is "The water began to turn from a liquid to a gas."

Clouds or dew forming is an example of condensation occurring in the water cycle. Condensation is the process in which water vapor in the air cools and changes back into liquid water. When warm air rises and cools, it can no longer hold all the moisture it contains, causing the water vapor to condense into tiny water droplets or ice crystals, forming clouds or dew. This is an essential part of the water cycle, as it leads to the formation of precipitation and the redistribution of water on Earth.

Water is condensing from D to A. In the water cycle model, condensation occurs when water vapor cools and transforms into liquid water. In this case, water is condensing as it moves from the atmosphere (D) to the Earth's surface (A). As the water vapor cools, it forms tiny droplets that collect to form clouds or precipitation, such as rain or snow. Therefore, the correct answer is from D to A.