1.
What's a volcano?
Correct Answer
A. A rupture on an elevated surface
Explanation
A volcano is a rupture on an elevated surface. This refers to the opening or vent on the Earth's surface through which molten rock, gases, and volcanic ash are expelled during a volcanic eruption. Volcanoes are typically found on mountains or elevated areas, and the rupture allows for the release of pressure and the escape of volcanic materials from beneath the Earth's crust.
2.
What do volcanoes do?
Correct Answer
B. They allow lava to erupt
Explanation
Volcanoes allow lava to erupt. Volcanic eruptions occur when molten rock, known as magma, rises to the surface through cracks in the Earth's crust. Once the magma reaches the surface, it is called lava. Volcanoes act as vents or openings through which this molten rock can escape, resulting in eruptions. These eruptions can be explosive, with the lava being ejected forcefully into the air, or they can be more gentle, with the lava flowing slowly out of the volcano. In either case, volcanoes are responsible for the release of lava onto the Earth's surface.
3.
Where does lava escape from?
Correct Answer
A. Magma chamber
Explanation
Lava escapes from the magma chamber. The magma chamber is a large underground reservoir where molten rock, or magma, is stored. When pressure builds up within the chamber, the magma can erupt to the surface as lava through volcanic vents or fissures. This process is responsible for the formation of volcanic eruptions and the release of lava onto the Earth's surface.
4.
Which word is volcano gotten from?
Correct Answer
B. Vulcano
Explanation
The word "volcano" is derived from the word "Vulcano". The spelling "Vulcano" is the closest option to the original word and matches the correct answer.
5.
What do vocanic winter cause one of the following.
Correct Answer
B. Famine
Explanation
Volcanic winter can cause famine because the eruption of a volcano can release large amounts of ash and gases into the atmosphere, blocking sunlight and reducing temperatures. This can disrupt the growing season for crops, leading to crop failures and food shortages. Additionally, the ash can contaminate water sources and destroy agricultural land, further exacerbating the food crisis. Famine occurs when there is a severe scarcity of food, and the volcanic winter caused by a volcanic eruption can contribute to the occurrence of famine.
6.
What is the term for a volcano that has not erupted in historical times but is expected to erupt again?
Correct Answer
B. Dormant volcano
Explanation
A dormant volcano is one that has not erupted in historical times but has the potential to erupt again in the future. This contrasts with an extinct volcano, which is not expected to erupt again, and an active volcano, which is currently erupting or shows signs of impending eruption. A mud volcano is a different geological formation that does not fit the criteria of a traditional volcano expected to erupt again.
7.
Subductions are usually one of the following.
Correct Answer
A. Where two collide
Explanation
The correct answer is "Where two collide." This is because subductions occur when two tectonic plates collide, and one plate is forced beneath the other, causing a subduction zone. This process is commonly observed in areas where oceanic plates collide with continental plates, resulting in the formation of trenches and volcanic activity.
8.
What are hotspots?
Correct Answer
B. Volcanic area
Explanation
Hotspots refer to areas on the Earth's surface where volcanic activity is concentrated. These areas are characterized by a high concentration of volcanic eruptions, which occur due to the movement of tectonic plates over a stationary hotspot beneath the Earth's crust. As the tectonic plate moves, a new volcano forms over the hotspot, while the older ones move away from it. This explains why volcanic activity is often found in specific regions, such as the Hawaiian Islands or the Yellowstone National Park, making "Volcanic area" the correct answer.
9.
Which place is associated with a hotspot?
Correct Answer
A. Hawaii
Explanation
Hawaii is an example of an island chain formed by volcanic activity associated with a hotspot. A hotspot is an area in the mantle from which heat rises as a thermal plume from deep within the Earth. As the Pacific Plate moved over this stationary hotspot, the rising plume of magma created the islands that make up the Hawaiian archipelago. The other options, Dallas, Texas, and Pennsylvania, are not formed by volcanic hotspots.
10.
What is the prominent feature of volcanoes?
Correct Answer
B. Conical head
Explanation
Volcanoes are characterized by their conical head, which refers to the shape of the volcano. The conical head is formed by layers of solidified lava, ash, and other volcanic materials that have erupted from the volcano over time. This distinctive shape is a result of the accumulation and deposition of these materials, creating a steep-sided cone-like structure. The conical head of a volcano is one of its most prominent features and helps to distinguish it from other geological formations.