1c651 Vol.3

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1. (412) What is the call sign of the tracking station that is owned and operated by the British Royal Air Force?

Explanation

The correct answer is LION. The question asks for the call sign of the tracking station owned and operated by the British Royal Air Force. Out of the given options, LION is the only call sign that is associated with the British Royal Air Force. Therefore, LION is the correct answer.

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About This Quiz
Radar Systems Quizzes & Trivia

This quiz, titled '1C651 Vol. 3', evaluates knowledge on electromagnetic radiation frequencies, radar technologies, and their applications in military and civilian contexts. It covers continuous waves, phased array,... see moreand synthetic aperture radar systems. see less

2. (401) Which radar design uses the flight path of aircraft and can generate high-resolution remote sensing imagery?

Explanation

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a radar design that uses the flight path of aircraft to generate high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Unlike mechanical, space-based, or ground-based radar designs, SAR combines the radar signals collected from multiple positions along the flight path to create a virtual aperture that is much larger than the physical antenna. This allows SAR to achieve high resolution and detailed imagery of the Earth's surface, making it an ideal choice for remote sensing applications.

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3. (401) Which radar design has the ability to use more than one antenna to steer the signal?

Explanation

Phased array radar design has the ability to use more than one antenna to steer the signal. Unlike mechanical radar design, which physically moves the antenna to change the direction of the signal, phased array radar uses multiple antennas that can electronically steer the signal beam. This allows for faster and more precise scanning of the radar beam in different directions. Space-based and ground-based radar designs do not necessarily have the capability to use multiple antennas for signal steering.

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4. (411) When does a crew begin preparations for a satellite contact?

Explanation

A crew begins preparations for a satellite contact approximately 20-30 minutes prior to a scheduled satellite pass. This means that they start getting ready to establish communication with the satellite before it actually comes into range of the ground station. This allows them to ensure that everything is set up and ready to go when the satellite is within reach, maximizing the efficiency of the contact.

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5. (412) The type of command that is automatically sent to an unresponsive satellite is called

Explanation

When a satellite becomes unresponsive, a blind command is automatically sent to it. This command is called "blind" because it is sent without any knowledge or feedback from the satellite. The purpose of a blind command is to attempt to regain control or establish communication with the unresponsive satellite.

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6. (401) What is the operating frequency of electromagnetic radiation waves?

Explanation

Electromagnetic radiation waves have a wide range of frequencies, ranging from very low frequencies to extremely high frequencies. The given answer, 3 kilohertz to 300 gigahertz, covers a broad spectrum of frequencies and includes both low and high frequencies. This range encompasses radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, and some portions of the X-ray and gamma ray spectrum. Therefore, it is the correct answer as it accurately represents the operating frequency range of electromagnetic radiation waves.

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7. (401) Which type of radio wave can transmit and receive at the same time?

Explanation

Continuous radio waves can transmit and receive at the same time because they are constantly being emitted without interruption. This allows for a continuous flow of information in both directions, making them ideal for two-way communication. In contrast, single, pulsed, and Doppler radio waves do not have the ability to transmit and receive simultaneously. Single radio waves are used for one-way communication, pulsed waves are emitted in short bursts, and Doppler waves are used for measuring velocity and motion. Therefore, the correct answer is continuous.

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8. (402) Which type of space surveillance sensor is only tasked with collecting space surveillance observations?

Explanation

A dedicated space surveillance sensor is solely assigned the task of collecting space surveillance observations. It is specifically designed and operated to gather data on objects in space, such as satellites or debris, and monitor their movements and characteristics. Unlike collateral sensors, which may have multiple purposes or functions, a dedicated sensor focuses exclusively on space surveillance. Contributing sensors may also collect space surveillance observations, but they may have additional responsibilities or objectives. Therefore, the correct answer is dedicated.

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9. (402) Which type of space surveillance sensor can provide space surveillance observations, but is not under United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) control?

Explanation

A contributing space surveillance sensor refers to a sensor that can provide space surveillance observations but is not controlled by the United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM). This means that it is not directly operated or managed by USSTRATCOM, but it still contributes to the overall space surveillance efforts. The other options, directed, collateral, and dedicated, do not accurately describe sensors that are not under USSTRATCOM control.

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10. (402) Identify the main disadvantage for mechanical radars?

Explanation

The main disadvantage of mechanical radars is that they can only track one object at a time. Unlike other types of radars, mechanical radars are limited in their ability to simultaneously track multiple objects. This can be a significant drawback in situations where there are multiple targets or when quick and efficient tracking of multiple objects is required.

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11. (403) How does the 20th Space Control Squadron prevent unscheduled outages from happening?

Explanation

The 20th Space Control Squadron prevents unscheduled outages from happening by performing preventative maintenance. This means that they regularly inspect and maintain their equipment and systems to identify and address any potential issues before they cause a disruption or failure. By taking proactive measures, such as conducting routine checks, replacing worn-out parts, and implementing preventive measures, they can minimize the risk of unexpected outages and ensure the smooth operation of their systems.

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12. (403) Identify a tracked object with a radar cross section less than 1 square meter tagged as if the system has never tracked it.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Non-significant uncorrelated target." In radar tracking systems, a "non-significant uncorrelated target" refers to an object that has a radar cross section less than 1 square meter and has been tagged as if the system has never tracked it before. This means that the system has detected an object with a small radar cross section that is not considered significant or important in the context of the tracking system.

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13. (406) Which post-analysis categorization is reserved for anomalies such as solar glare or radar ducting?

Explanation

The post-analysis categorization of "Environmental" is reserved for anomalies such as solar glare or radar ducting. This category is used to classify abnormal occurrences that are caused by environmental factors, such as natural phenomena or atmospheric conditions. It helps to differentiate these anomalies from other types of anomalies that may be caused by technical or operational issues.

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14. (412) Which procedure requires high speed communication links to transfer telemetry between remote tracking stations and the operations center?

Explanation

The procedure that requires high-speed communication links to transfer telemetry between remote tracking stations and the operations center is the Bent Pipe. This procedure involves using a satellite as a relay station to receive signals from the tracking stations and then retransmit them to the operations center. The high-speed communication links are necessary to ensure that the telemetry data is transferred quickly and accurately, allowing for real-time monitoring and control of the tracked objects.

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15. (401) Which element is an uninteresting target to radar operators, and would be considered interference?

Explanation

Meteor trails would be considered an uninteresting target to radar operators and interference because they are temporary and unpredictable. Radar operators are primarily interested in detecting and tracking objects that are more permanent and have a predictable behavior, such as aircraft or spacecraft. Meteor trails, on the other hand, are caused by small particles entering the Earth's atmosphere and burning up, leaving behind a trail of ionized gas. These trails are short-lived and can vary in shape and intensity, making them less useful and potentially distracting for radar operators.

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16. (401) Which type of radar is typically used on sea-based platforms for Ballistic Missile Defense?

Explanation

Aegis is the correct answer because it is a type of radar system that is commonly used on sea-based platforms for Ballistic Missile Defense. The Aegis system is specifically designed to detect and track ballistic missiles, providing crucial information for defense purposes. It is known for its advanced capabilities and effectiveness in detecting and intercepting incoming missiles, making it a preferred choice for sea-based missile defense systems. The other options listed, AN/TPY-2, AN/FPS-85, and AN/FPS-123, are not typically used for this specific purpose.

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17. (402) Which architecture is designed to stop and destroy warheads before they can reach their targets?

Explanation

The correct answer is Ballistic Missile Defense System. This architecture is specifically designed to intercept and destroy incoming warheads before they can reach their intended targets. It is a comprehensive defense system that includes various components such as radars, sensors, interceptors, and command and control systems. These systems work together to detect and track ballistic missiles, and then launch interceptors to destroy them in mid-flight. The goal is to provide protection against potential missile attacks and enhance national security.

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18. (402) Which type of radar uses electro-optical and infrared imagery to see through clouds and fog?

Explanation

Synthetic Aperture radar (SAR) uses electro-optical and infrared imagery to see through clouds and fog. SAR is a type of radar that creates high-resolution images by combining multiple radar images taken from different positions. It is particularly useful in situations where traditional radar may be hindered by weather conditions. By using electro-optical and infrared imagery, SAR can penetrate through clouds and fog, allowing for clear and detailed imaging even in adverse weather conditions.

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19. (404) Identify the site that does not have any 1C6 personnel manning the radar.

Explanation

The correct answer is RAF, Fylingdales. This is because the question asks for the site that does not have any 1C6 personnel manning the radar. 1C6 personnel are responsible for operating and maintaining radar systems. Since RAF, Fylingdales does not have any 1C6 personnel manning the radar, it is the site that fits the criteria mentioned in the question.

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20. (407) Identify the area that is designed to cover different scenarios within a checklist, and will not be found in demand response checklists.

Explanation

The area that is designed to cover different scenarios within a checklist, and will not be found in demand response checklists is lead-in statements. Lead-in statements are used to introduce or provide context for the questions or tasks in a checklist. They are not specific to any particular scenario or response, but rather serve as a general starting point. Demand response checklists, on the other hand, are focused on specific actions or responses to be taken in response to a particular situation or event. Therefore, lead-in statements are the correct answer as they are not found in demand response checklists.

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21. (412) Identify the call sign of the tracking station that operates on the Western Range.

Explanation

The correct answer is COOK. The question asks for the call sign of the tracking station that operates on the Western Range. Out of the given options, COOK is the only call sign that matches this criteria.

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22. (403) How many observations can be transmitted daily by the only dedicated sensor in the Space Surveillance Network?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Over 40,000." This suggests that the only dedicated sensor in the Space Surveillance Network is capable of transmitting more than 40,000 observations daily. This indicates that the sensor has a high capacity and can handle a large amount of data, allowing for extensive monitoring and surveillance activities in space.

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23. (404) Which target classification for attack characterization concerns residential geographic areas?

Explanation

The correct answer is "Urban and/or industrial." This target classification for attack characterization concerns residential geographic areas. Urban areas typically refer to cities or densely populated areas, while industrial areas refer to locations where industrial activities and infrastructure are concentrated. Targeting these areas can have significant impacts on civilian populations and infrastructure, making them important considerations in attack characterization.

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24. (408) Identify the event that does not need to be debriefed.

Explanation

TDYs, or Temporary Duty Assignments, do not typically require debriefing. TDYs are short-term assignments where individuals are sent to a different location for a specific task or purpose. Unlike training events, exercises, and missions, TDYs are often brief and do not involve complex or high-risk activities. Therefore, there is usually no need for a formal debriefing process after completing a TDY.

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25. (410) The type of threat that comes from 'hackers' are

Explanation

The correct answer is individual or small group threat. Hackers typically operate individually or in small groups, using their technical skills to exploit vulnerabilities in computer systems or networks. They may engage in activities such as stealing sensitive information, disrupting services, or spreading malware. While there are cases of organized hacking groups or state-sponsored cyberattacks, the majority of hacking incidents are carried out by individuals or small groups. Therefore, the individual or small group threat best describes the type of threat that comes from hackers.

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26. (410) Identify the kind of threat that comes from an authorized user.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Insider threat." This refers to a kind of threat that arises from an authorized user within an organization. These individuals have legitimate access to the organization's systems and data, but they may misuse or abuse their privileges intentionally or unintentionally, causing harm to the organization's security and operations. Insider threats can include actions such as data theft, sabotage, or unauthorized access to sensitive information. It is important for organizations to have measures in place to detect and mitigate insider threats to protect their assets and maintain a secure environment.

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27. (406) A human evaluation is accomplished in a ground-based missile warning site report to

Explanation

In a ground-based missile warning site report, a human evaluation is conducted to determine if an L&PI (Launch and Predicted Impact) was falsely generated by equipment malfunction, environment, or personnel. This evaluation aims to identify any false alarms or erroneous information that may have been caused by these factors. It helps ensure the accuracy and reliability of the missile warning system by ruling out any false detections or errors that could potentially lead to unnecessary actions or panic.

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28. (411) The type of pass that has a primary goal of satellite commanding is

Explanation

The correct answer is commanding support. Commanding support refers to the type of pass that focuses on satellite commanding, which involves sending commands to the satellite for various purposes such as changing its orbit or configuring its systems. This type of pass is specifically dedicated to the task of commanding the satellite and ensuring its proper functioning.

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29. (403) Which fixed action will the 10th Space Warning Squadron crew members initiate when the power goes out?

Explanation

When the power goes out, the 10th Space Warning Squadron crew members will initiate performing corrective maintenance. This means that they will take actions to fix any issues or problems that have occurred due to the power outage. Corrective maintenance is done to restore equipment or systems to their normal functioning state after a failure or malfunction. In this case, the crew members will work to address any issues caused by the power outage and ensure that everything is back up and running properly.

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30. (403) Which section of the satellite catalog describes the sequential order in which the satellite was discovered or launched in space?

Explanation

The correct answer is Satellite Control Center number. This is because the Satellite Control Center number is a unique identifier assigned to each satellite by the organization responsible for controlling and tracking it. It is used to keep track of the satellite's position, orbit, and other important information. The sequential order in which the satellites were discovered or launched in space is reflected in their Satellite Control Center numbers, with earlier satellites having lower numbers and newer satellites having higher numbers.

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31. (405) When the 4th Space Control Squadron goes out on a deployable mission how many C–17 aircraft are needed?

Explanation

When the 4th Space Control Squadron goes out on a deployable mission, two C-17 aircraft are needed.

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32. (406) Which option is not one of the methods used to submit an OPSCAP/SYSCAP report when voice lines are down?

Explanation

The correct answer is NIPRNET. NIPRNET (Non-classified Internet Protocol Router Network) is a network used for unclassified communication and is not a method used to submit an OPSCAP/SYSCAP report when voice lines are down. The other options, SIPRNET (Secret Internet Protocol Router Network), secure terminal, and defense messaging system, are all methods that can be used to submit the report in such a situation.

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33. (409) Which process is not a goal of the Tactics Development Program?

Explanation

The process of minimizing modifications to hardware is not a goal of the Tactics Development Program. The program focuses on verifying existing tactics, disseminating new tactics, and instituting a standardized process of improvements. The goal is to improve tactics and processes, rather than minimizing hardware modifications.

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34. (402) Which sensor is not an Upgrade Early Warning Sensor, but does has a primary mission of missile warning?

Explanation

Cavalier is the correct answer because it is the only option that is not an Upgrade Early Warning Sensor. Although all the options have a primary mission of missile warning, Cavalier does not fall under the category of Upgrade Early Warning Sensor.

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35. (403) Which ground-based electro-optical sensor is located at 10,000 feet elevation?

Explanation

Detachment 3, 21 OG is the correct answer because it is the only option that specifies a ground-based electro-optical sensor located at 10,000 feet elevation. The other options do not provide any information about the elevation or the type of sensor.

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36. (412) Which Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) antenna mode has elevation and azimuth data and is usually chosen to begin satellite support?

Explanation

The Slave mode in the Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) antenna has elevation and azimuth data and is typically selected to initiate satellite support. In this mode, the antenna receives commands from a master station and adjusts its position accordingly to track the satellite. This allows for efficient and accurate communication with the satellite, making it the preferred choice for starting satellite support operations.

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37. (405) Which squadron is a reserve associate unit conducting space electronic warfare support?

Explanation

The correct answer is 380 SPCS. The question is asking which squadron is a reserve associate unit conducting space electronic warfare support. Out of the given options, the 380 SPCS is the only squadron that fits this description.

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38. (407) Which type of checklist requires the operator to complete each step one at a time due to the criticality of the procedure?

Explanation

A demand response checklist requires the operator to complete each step one at a time due to the criticality of the procedure. This suggests that demand response procedures are highly important and require strict adherence to ensure safety and efficiency. Unlike routine checklists, which may allow for flexibility and completion of steps in any order, demand response checklists prioritize the order of steps to be followed precisely. This ensures that critical procedures are executed correctly and in a timely manner during emergency situations or high-demand scenarios.

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39. (408) Which option can be used by the member that can help to create clues in the event review?

Explanation

Event logs can be used by a member to create clues in the event review. Event logs are records of events that have occurred on a computer system or network, and they can provide valuable information about the sequence of events leading up to an incident or issue. By analyzing the event logs, the member can identify patterns, anomalies, and potential causes of the event, which can help in creating clues and understanding what happened during the event. Temporary cookies, Twitter chat rooms, and the Technical Order manual are unrelated options and do not provide the same level of information and insight as event logs.

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40. (410) Which step is used in defending against attack for Computer Network Defense?

Explanation

Monitoring networks and systems is a crucial step in defending against attacks in computer network defense. By continuously monitoring the network and systems, any suspicious activity or potential threats can be detected and addressed promptly. This includes monitoring for unusual network traffic, unauthorized access attempts, and abnormal system behavior. Through monitoring, network administrators can identify and respond to attacks in real-time, minimizing the potential damage and preventing further compromise.

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41. (411) Which of the following scripts contains a string of other plans to complete a contact?

Explanation

Contact Support Plans is the correct answer because it is the only option that specifically mentions plans related to completing a contact. The other options, Command Plans, Satellite Support Plans, and Telemetry Viewer Plans, do not mention anything about completing a contact. Therefore, Contact Support Plans is the most appropriate choice.

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42. (405) The system that is operated in a deployed location and geolocates signals in the ultra-high frequency band is

Explanation

SPIRIT is the correct answer because it is a system that is operated in a deployed location and is capable of geolocating signals in the ultra-high frequency band. Counter Communications System, STS, and RAIDRS are not specifically designed for geolocating signals in the ultra-high frequency band, making them incorrect options.

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43. (407) In order to institute a change to a technical order which form must be used?

Explanation

The correct answer is AFTO 22. The AFTO 22 form is used to request a change to a technical order. This form is specifically designed for this purpose and ensures that all necessary information is provided to initiate the change process. The AFTO 20 form is used for maintenance data collection, while the AF Form 20 and AF Form 22 are not relevant to requesting a change to a technical order.

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44. (403) Identify the function of the Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC) Mission System that provides an accurate space operating picture.

Explanation

The Joint Space Operations Center (JSpOC) Mission System's function of providing an accurate space operating picture is achieved through Space Object Identification. This means that the JSpOC Mission System is responsible for identifying and tracking objects in space, such as satellites and debris, to ensure situational awareness and enable effective space operations. By accurately identifying space objects, the JSpOC Mission System can monitor their movements, trajectories, and potential threats, contributing to the overall safety and security of space operations.

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45. (404) Identify the data that is readily identified as simulated data in category A testing.

Explanation

In category A testing, the data that is readily identified as simulated data is "Tagged." This means that the simulated data is marked or labeled in some way to indicate that it is not real or actual data. The other options, "Untagged," "Separated," and "Combined," do not necessarily indicate that the data is simulated.

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46. (407) The functional area of a system that is not covered in a technical order is

Explanation

The functional area of a system that is not covered in a technical order is destroying. A technical order typically provides instructions and guidelines for various aspects of a system, such as repairing, installation, and troubleshooting. However, destroying a system is not a standard or recommended function, and therefore, it is not covered in a technical order.

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47. (408) During this debriefing step honesty and willingness to accept fault can determine the success of this step.

Explanation

During the debriefing step, determining the root cause is crucial for the success of the process. This involves identifying the underlying issue that led to the problem or event being reviewed. By understanding the root cause, the team can make informed decisions on how to improve the process and prevent similar issues from occurring in the future. Honesty and willingness to accept fault are important in this step as they contribute to a thorough analysis and effective problem-solving.

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48. (402) What primary mission does Beale, AFB, RAF, and the Fylingdales sensors sites all have in common?

Explanation

Beale, AFB, RAF, and the Fylingdales sensor sites all have the primary mission of providing missile warning and missile defense. This means that their main purpose is to detect and track incoming missiles and provide early warning to enable defensive measures to be taken. They also contribute to the overall missile defense system by providing data and support for missile defense operations.

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49. (404) Which element is not detectable or easily seen through when Radio Detection and Ranging (RADAR) is transmitting waveforms to receive echoes?

Explanation

When RADAR is transmitting waveforms to receive echoes, it is able to detect and easily see through fog, rain, and snow. However, color hues are not detectable or easily seen through by RADAR. RADAR works by sending out radio waves and then receiving the echoes that bounce back from objects in its path. These echoes are used to determine the distance, direction, and speed of the objects. While RADAR can penetrate through various atmospheric conditions, it cannot detect or distinguish color hues as it primarily relies on the reflection and absorption of radio waves.

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50. (404) Which test program paved the way for space-based missile warning technology?

Explanation

The Missile Defense Alarm System is the correct answer because it paved the way for space-based missile warning technology. This system was developed to detect and track incoming ballistic missiles, providing early warning to potential targets. It utilized satellite technology to monitor and detect missile launches from space, allowing for timely and accurate detection of threats. The development and implementation of this system laid the foundation for future space-based missile warning technologies such as the Defense Support Program and the Space Based Infrared System.

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51. (404) The system that was designed to take over for the Defense Support Program as it reached its end of life cycle is

Explanation

The Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) was designed to replace the Defense Support Program (DSP) as it reached the end of its life cycle. SBIRS is a satellite system that provides advanced missile warning, missile defense, and battlespace awareness capabilities. It is capable of detecting and tracking missile launches, providing early warning and tracking of ballistic missile threats. Therefore, SBIRS is the correct answer as the system designed to take over from DSP.

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52. (406) Identify the Operations Capability (OPSCAP) that indicates that there is a moderate degradation to the system causing significant capability loss.

Explanation

The yellow Operations Capability (OPSCAP) indicates a moderate degradation to the system, causing significant capability loss. This means that the system is experiencing a decline in performance or functionality, resulting in a noticeable impact on its overall capability. The yellow OPSCAP serves as a warning sign that immediate action may be required to prevent further deterioration and restore the system's full operational potential.

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53. (406) Which event will cause a post-analysis report to be performed to prevent it from happening again?

Explanation

Anomalous events are unexpected or unusual occurrences that deviate from the norm. When an anomalous event happens, it triggers a post-analysis report to be performed. This report aims to investigate the event, understand its causes, and identify measures to prevent it from happening again in the future. Therefore, the correct answer is "Anomalous" as it signifies the occurrence of an event that requires a post-analysis report for preventive actions.

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54. (407) Identify the section of a technical order that contains the foreword and the Technical Order Equipment Configuration Status Record.

Explanation

The front matter of a technical order typically contains the foreword and the Technical Order Equipment Configuration Status Record. The foreword provides an introduction and overview of the technical order, while the Technical Order Equipment Configuration Status Record is a section that documents the configuration status of the equipment described in the technical order. Therefore, the correct section that contains both of these elements is the front matter.

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55. (410) Which component of the Global Information Grid foundation layer handles funding?

Explanation

The government component of the Global Information Grid foundation layer handles funding. This means that the government is responsible for allocating and providing the necessary financial resources for the development and maintenance of the Global Information Grid.

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56. (411) During which contact stage would you send a command to change telemetry formats?

Explanation

In the context of telemetry, the term "contact stage" refers to the period when a spacecraft is in communication with a ground station. The question is asking at which stage it would be appropriate to send a command to change telemetry formats. The correct answer is "Pass." During the pass stage, the spacecraft is within range of the ground station and can establish a communication link. Therefore, it is the most suitable time to send commands or instructions to the spacecraft, including changing telemetry formats.

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57. (403) Which PAVE Phased Array Warning System (PAVE PAWS) sensor performs space surveillance as its secondary mission?

Explanation

The 6th Space Warning Squadron performs space surveillance as its secondary mission. The PAVE Phased Array Warning System (PAVE PAWS) sensor is used for detecting and tracking objects in space, including satellites and debris. While its primary mission is to provide early warning of missile launches, the 6th Space Warning Squadron also contributes to space surveillance activities.

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58. (403) What is the average visual magnitude level that an optical sensor can detect in the night sky?

Explanation

The correct answer is 16th visual magnitude star. The visual magnitude scale is used to measure the brightness of celestial objects, with lower numbers representing brighter objects. A star with a visual magnitude of 16 is very faint and can only be detected by a highly sensitive optical sensor in the night sky. Therefore, an optical sensor can detect objects with a visual magnitude level up to 16.

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59. (403) Identify the function of the Space Defense Operations Center provides algorithms that predict orbital events.

Explanation

The function of the Space Defense Operations Center is to provide algorithms that predict orbital events. This involves utilizing astrodynamics mathematics to calculate and forecast the movements and positions of objects in space. By using these algorithms, the center can track and predict the trajectories of satellites, debris, and other space objects, enabling them to effectively monitor and manage space activities.

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60. (407) The Military Performance Specification 38314 manual that has a foreword in it defining the type of manual it is and only published when deemed necessary is a

Explanation

The given correct answer is "classified manual". This is because the question states that the manual is published when deemed necessary and has a foreword defining its type. The fact that it is classified indicates that it contains sensitive or confidential information that is restricted to a specific audience. The other options, such as operations manual or checklists, do not specifically mention the classified nature of the manual, making them incorrect choices.

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61. (408) Which debriefing step has to be measurable and repeatable in order to prevent reoccurrence of the problem?

Explanation

The debriefing step that has to be measurable and repeatable in order to prevent the reoccurrence of the problem is the "Lesson learned" step. This step involves identifying and documenting the key takeaways from the debriefing process, including the mistakes made, the root causes of the problem, and the strategies to avoid similar issues in the future. By making these lessons learned measurable and repeatable, organizations can ensure that the knowledge gained from the debriefing is effectively shared and applied to prevent the problem from happening again.

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62. (403) Which crew position for the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) mission has two enlisted personnel assigned to manage strategic missile warning?

Explanation

The correct answer is Data Systems Operation. This crew position for the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) mission has two enlisted personnel assigned to manage strategic missile warning. The Data Systems Operation crew members are responsible for operating and maintaining the data systems that receive and process information from the SBIRS satellites, including the strategic missile warning data. They play a crucial role in ensuring the accurate and timely detection of missile launches and providing critical information to decision-makers.

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63. (403) The ground-based electro-optical sensor that is located in New Mexico is

Explanation

The correct answer is Detachment 1, 21 OG. This is because the question states that the ground-based electro-optical sensor is located in New Mexico, and Detachment 1 is the only option that specifies New Mexico as the location. The other options do not mention a specific location.

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64. (405) Which squadron is in charge of the Rapid Attack, Identification, Detection, and Reporting System?

Explanation

The 16th Space Control Squadron (SPCS) is in charge of the Rapid Attack, Identification, Detection, and Reporting System.

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65. (405) The fundamental knowledge that is required for all space control operators to learn when assigned to a space control unit is

Explanation

The correct answer is Signals. Space control operators need to have a fundamental understanding of signals in order to effectively monitor, control, and protect space assets. This includes knowledge of communication signals, radar signals, and electronic warfare signals. Understanding signals is crucial for detecting and identifying potential threats, as well as for maintaining communication and coordination with other space control units and operators.

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66. (406) When does a ground-based site initiate VOICETELL procedures?

Explanation

If the Missile Correlation Center (MCC) does not receive the data, a ground-based site initiates VOICETELL procedures. This suggests that VOICETELL procedures are only initiated when there is a failure in transmitting data to the MCC.

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67. (410) Which asset would need protection from an attack because it is critical infrastructure that supports our civilian population?

Explanation

Water utilities would need protection from an attack because they are critical infrastructure that supports our civilian population. Water utilities are essential for providing clean and safe water to the public, which is crucial for daily life, health, and sanitation. Any disruption or damage to water utilities could have severe consequences for the community, making it necessary to protect them from potential attacks.

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68. (406) Within how many seconds must a site report be passed to the Missile Correlation Center?

Explanation

A site report must be passed to the Missile Correlation Center within 60 seconds. This suggests that there is a need for quick and efficient communication between the site and the center in order to ensure timely and accurate reporting of any missile-related information. A shorter time frame allows for faster response and decision-making, which is crucial in situations involving missile activities.

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69. (412) Which type of command count keeps track of every command sent to a satellite?

Explanation

The ground command count keeps track of every command sent to a satellite. This count is maintained by the ground control station and includes all commands sent from the ground to the satellite. It helps in monitoring and managing the communication between the ground control station and the satellite, ensuring that all commands are accounted for and executed properly. The other options, signal command count, satellite command count, and transmit command count, do not accurately describe the count that keeps track of every command sent to a satellite.

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70. (404) Which program can detect the trajectories in all stages of flight for ballistic missiles?

Explanation

The Space Tracking and Surveillance System is the program that can detect the trajectories in all stages of flight for ballistic missiles. This system is designed to track and monitor objects in space, including ballistic missiles, throughout their entire flight path. It utilizes a network of sensors and radars to provide accurate and real-time tracking information, enabling the detection and monitoring of missile trajectories from launch to impact.

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71. (404) Identify the program that is the collection point for information on enemy missile launches and provides critical data to the interceptor.

Explanation

The program that is the collection point for information on enemy missile launches and provides critical data to the interceptor is the Command and Control, Battle Management and Communications. This program is responsible for coordinating and managing military operations, including missile defense, by collecting and analyzing information from various sources and disseminating it to the interceptor for appropriate action. It plays a crucial role in ensuring effective response to enemy missile launches.

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72. (405) Which offensive space control effect temporary eliminates all or some of a system's capabilities?

Explanation

Denial is the correct answer because it refers to the offensive space control effect that temporarily eliminates some or all of a system's capabilities. This means that denial tactics can be used to prevent an adversary from using their systems effectively, limiting their ability to communicate, gather intelligence, or launch attacks. Denial can be achieved through various means such as jamming communication signals, disabling sensors, or disrupting power sources. By denying the enemy the use of their systems, it hampers their ability to operate effectively and gives an advantage to the attacker.

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73. (406) Identify the type of site report sent when the investigation is complete and there are no L&PI?

Explanation

The correct answer is "All clear." This indicates that the site investigation has been completed and there are no findings of loss and property damage. It suggests that everything is in order and there is no need for further action or investigation.

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74. (408) During which debriefing step is a statement that addresses specific actions to accomplish created?

Explanation

During the development of lesson learned, a statement is created that addresses specific actions to accomplish. This step involves analyzing the events and identifying key takeaways or lessons that can be applied to future situations. It focuses on identifying what went wrong or what could be improved, and then formulating specific actions or recommendations to address those issues. This step helps in improving future performance and preventing similar mistakes or problems from occurring again.

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75. (409) Which example describes a space technique?

Explanation

The example "Change altitude" describes a space technique because it involves altering the height or position of an object in space, which is a common technique used in space missions to adjust orbits or navigate through different layers of the atmosphere. The other examples, such as "Maneuver a satellite," "Reconfigure a network," and "Employ filters and proxies," do not specifically pertain to space techniques.

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76. (410) Which component layer is known as the "wrapper" for the Global Information Grid?

Explanation

The Network Operations component layer is known as the "wrapper" for the Global Information Grid. This layer is responsible for managing and controlling the network infrastructure, ensuring its availability and reliability. It includes activities such as monitoring network performance, troubleshooting network issues, and managing network resources. By acting as a wrapper, the Network Operations layer provides a centralized control and coordination for the entire Global Information Grid, ensuring seamless connectivity and efficient information exchange.

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77. (411) What do all the ground stations have that lists all the network resources and commanding activities for each satellite contact?

Explanation

Pass plan is the correct answer because a pass plan is a document or schedule that lists all the network resources and commanding activities for each satellite contact. It outlines the specific time and duration of each contact, as well as the tasks and activities that need to be performed during that time. The pass plan helps to ensure that all necessary resources are allocated and that the satellite communication and control activities are carried out efficiently and effectively.

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78. (404) The 21st Space Wing (SW) unit that does not have a primary mission of missile warning and a secondary mission of space surveillance is the

Explanation

The correct answer is the 2nd Space Warning Squadron. This is because the question states that the unit does not have a primary mission of missile warning and a secondary mission of space surveillance. Out of the given options, the 2nd Space Warning Squadron is the only one that does not have this primary and secondary mission combination. Therefore, it can be concluded that the 2nd Space Warning Squadron is the correct answer.

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79. (412) The Automatic Remote Tracking Station (ARTS) site that can run without any operator interface and is called a Remote Block Change (RBC) site is

Explanation

The correct answer is LION-C. The question is asking for the ARTS site that can run without any operator interface and is called a Remote Block Change (RBC) site. Among the given options, LION-C is the only one that fits this description.

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80. (405) Which action is not a passive measure that can be used to protect a space asset from a surprise attack?

Explanation

Denial is not a passive measure that can be used to protect a space asset from a surprise attack. Denial refers to actively preventing or obstructing an adversary's access or use of a space asset. In contrast, passive measures such as deception, camouflage, and concealment involve hiding or misleading the adversary without actively interfering with their actions. These passive measures aim to make the space asset less visible or harder to detect, rather than actively denying access or use.

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81. (409) Where would you find standard detailed steps that explain specific tasks documented?

Explanation

Technical Orders are a comprehensive set of documents that provide detailed instructions and procedures for specific tasks. They are typically used in technical fields, such as aviation, to ensure consistency and safety in operations. Crew logs are records of activities and events, not detailed instructions. The Crew Information File may contain general information about crew members but not specific task instructions. Operational Instructions may provide some guidance, but they are not as detailed and standardized as Technical Orders. Therefore, Technical Orders are the most likely source for finding standard detailed steps that explain specific tasks.

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82. (409) Which process is pushed through the six basic steps on an accelerated timeline?

Explanation

The Out-of-Cycle Tactics Development Process is the correct answer because it is the only option that mentions being pushed through the six basic steps on an accelerated timeline. This suggests that this process is completed more quickly than the others, making it the most suitable answer.

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83. (410) Which action is a broad category used in exploiting vulnerabilities of Computer Network Attack?

Explanation

"Determine access paths" is the correct answer because it refers to the action of identifying the various entry points or routes that an attacker can use to gain unauthorized access to a computer network. By understanding the access paths, network defenders can strengthen the security measures at these points to prevent potential exploitation of vulnerabilities. This action is crucial in conducting a Computer Network Attack as it helps attackers identify the weak points in a network's defenses and plan their exploitation accordingly.

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84. (412) Which functional component is the brain of the Automated Remote Tracking Stations (ARTS)?

Explanation

The Command & Status (C&S) processor is the brain of the Automated Remote Tracking Stations (ARTS). It is responsible for receiving and processing commands and status information from the ground control center. It ensures that the tracking stations are operating correctly and can perform tasks such as antenna control, data acquisition, and telemetry processing. The C&S processor plays a crucial role in the overall functioning of the ARTS system.

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85. (405) Which element is a terrestrial segment that contains the targets desired in offensive space control operations?

Explanation

The correct answer is sea because offensive space control operations involve targeting and neutralizing enemy satellites and space assets. These operations can be conducted from the Earth's surface, particularly from naval platforms such as aircraft carriers or submarines that can launch missiles or other weapons to disable or destroy satellites in orbit. The sea provides a strategic advantage in terms of mobility and proximity to potential targets in space, making it an ideal terrestrial segment for offensive space control operations.

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86. (411) During which of the following contact stages does the ground station collect telemetry data?

Explanation

During the "Pass" stage, the ground station collects telemetry data. This stage refers to the period when the satellite is within range of the ground station and communication can occur. Telemetry data includes information about the satellite's health, status, and performance, which is essential for monitoring and controlling the satellite's operations.

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87. (404) Which category of testing transmits non- Integrated Tactical Warning & Attack Assessment (ITW/AA) simulated lower risk data?

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

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88. (405) Which tactic is part of defensive space control operations?

Explanation

Defensive space control operations involve protecting and defending space assets. Recovery of space assets is a tactic that is part of defensive space control operations as it focuses on retrieving and salvaging damaged or malfunctioning space assets. This tactic ensures that valuable resources in space are not lost and can be repaired or reused, strengthening the defensive capabilities of space operations.

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89. (413) Which event is not something an engineer would use in assessing out of limits trending?

Explanation

Engineers assess out of limits trending by analyzing data and events that directly impact their system's performance. Solar eclipses do not have any direct impact on the performance of engineering systems. On the other hand, space weather, yellow or red limit breaches, and satellite subsystem malfunctions can all affect the performance and functionality of engineering systems. Hence, solar eclipse is the event that an engineer would not use in assessing out of limits trending.

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90. (411) What action(s) can provide a temporary fix so as not to degrade or create mission loss?

Explanation

Contingency procedures can provide a temporary fix to prevent degradation or mission loss. These procedures are pre-planned actions that can be implemented in response to unexpected events or failures. By following these procedures, the team can quickly address the issue and mitigate any potential negative impact on the mission. This allows for temporary solutions to be implemented while a more permanent fix is developed or implemented, ensuring that the mission can continue without significant disruption.

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91. (407) Which chapter of a technical order contains the procedures for pre mission and post mission activities?

Explanation

Chapter 2, Space System Operating Functions, contains the procedures for pre-mission and post-mission activities. This chapter provides guidance on the various functions and operations of the space system, including the steps and processes that need to be followed before and after a mission. It covers activities such as system checks, equipment setup, data collection, and post-mission analysis. Therefore, Chapter 2 is the correct answer as it specifically addresses the pre-mission and post-mission procedures.

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92. (411) Identify the type of pass that performs satellite ranging.

Explanation

Track support is the correct answer because satellite ranging involves tracking the position of a satellite in space. Track support refers to the support provided to track and monitor the satellite's movement and location. This includes tracking the satellite's orbit, determining its position, and measuring the range between the satellite and ground stations. Therefore, track support is the type of pass that performs satellite ranging.

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93. (410) Identify the step accomplished during Computer Network Exploitation.

Explanation

During Computer Network Exploitation, the step accomplished is mapping enemy systems/data both internal and external. This involves gathering information about the target's network infrastructure and identifying vulnerabilities that can be exploited. By mapping the enemy systems and data, attackers can gain a deeper understanding of the target's network and plan their exploitation strategies accordingly. This step is crucial in order to effectively exploit the target's network and gain unauthorized access or extract valuable information.

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94. (413) The person that performs further investigation of the telemetry data that remains out of limits after the initial operator review is the

Explanation

The engineer is responsible for performing further investigation of the telemetry data that remains out of limits after the initial operator review. This role requires technical expertise and knowledge to analyze the data and identify any potential issues or anomalies. The engineer will then work to troubleshoot and resolve the problem, ensuring the telemetry data is within acceptable limits. The crew chief, orbital analyst, and crew commander may have their own roles and responsibilities but are not specifically mentioned in relation to investigating telemetry data.

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95. (411) Which of the following scripts contain blanks that might require azimuth and elevation data?

Explanation

Command Plans might require azimuth and elevation data because they are used for planning and executing commands to control satellites or other systems. In order to accurately target and communicate with the satellite, the command plans may need to specify the azimuth (horizontal angle) and elevation (vertical angle) at which the commands should be transmitted. This information is crucial for ensuring proper alignment and communication between ground stations and satellites. The other options, such as Contact Support Plans, Satellite Support Plans, and Telemetry Viewer Plans, may not necessarily involve the need for azimuth and elevation data.

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96. (410) Which agency is responsible for synchronizing the planning of cyberspace operations?

Explanation

US Strategic Command is responsible for synchronizing the planning of cyberspace operations. This agency is tasked with coordinating and integrating the efforts of various military branches and agencies to ensure the effective planning and execution of cyberspace operations. As the primary command responsible for cyberspace operations, US Strategic Command plays a crucial role in defending the nation's interests in cyberspace and maintaining the security of critical infrastructure.

Submit
97. (412) What can you use to retrieve formulas, biases, and modifier data from all the sites?

Explanation

An orbit determination program can be used to retrieve formulas, biases, and modifier data from all the sites. This program is specifically designed to calculate and determine the orbital parameters of an object, such as a satellite or spacecraft, based on the available data. It utilizes various algorithms, mathematical models, and measurements to accurately determine the object's position and trajectory in space. By retrieving formulas, biases, and modifier data, the program can further refine its calculations and provide more precise results.

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98. (412) What is normally used to initially acquire a newly launched satellite?

Explanation

The R–15 message and nominal element set are normally used to initially acquire a newly launched satellite. The R–15 message provides information about the satellite's orbit and other parameters, while the nominal element set includes the satellite's orbital elements. These two pieces of information are crucial for tracking and communicating with the satellite during its initial phase of operation. Ephemeris and phord vectors are not typically used for this purpose.

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99. (410) The component of the Global Information Grid foundation layer that works with messaging, processing and storage is

Explanation

The component of the Global Information Grid foundation layer that works with messaging, processing, and storage is computing. This refers to the technology and systems involved in handling and manipulating data, including the hardware, software, and networks necessary for processing and storing information. Computing is essential for managing and utilizing the vast amounts of data within the Global Information Grid, enabling efficient communication and information management.

Submit
100. (413) The area used to store completed telemetry data for a period of time is within the

Explanation

The completed telemetry data is stored in the remote ground facility. This facility is responsible for receiving and processing the telemetry data transmitted from the engineer. It serves as a central location where the data is stored for a certain period of time before it is retrieved and analyzed. The remote ground facility plays a crucial role in managing and maintaining the telemetry data for further analysis and decision-making purposes.

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(412) What is the call sign of the tracking station that is owned and...
(401) Which radar design uses the flight path of aircraft and can...
(401) Which radar design has the ability to use more than one antenna...
(411) When does a crew begin preparations for a satellite contact?
(412) The type of command that is automatically sent to an...
(401) What is the operating frequency of electromagnetic radiation...
(401) Which type of radio wave can transmit and receive at the same...
(402) Which type of space surveillance sensor is only tasked with...
(402) Which type of space surveillance sensor can provide space...
(402) Identify the main disadvantage for mechanical radars?
(403) How does the 20th Space Control Squadron prevent unscheduled...
(403) Identify a tracked object with a radar cross section less than 1...
(406) Which post-analysis categorization is reserved for anomalies...
(412) Which procedure requires high speed communication links to...
(401) Which element is an uninteresting target to radar operators, and...
(401) Which type of radar is typically used on sea-based platforms for...
(402) Which architecture is designed to stop and destroy warheads...
(402) Which type of radar uses electro-optical and infrared imagery to...
(404) Identify the site that does not have any 1C6 personnel manning...
(407) Identify the area that is designed to cover different scenarios...
(412) Identify the call sign of the tracking station that operates on...
(403) How many observations can be transmitted daily by the only...
(404) Which target classification for attack characterization concerns...
(408) Identify the event that does not need to be debriefed.
(410) The type of threat that comes from 'hackers' are
(410) Identify the kind of threat that comes from an authorized user.
(406) A human evaluation is accomplished in a ground-based missile...
(411) The type of pass that has a primary goal of satellite commanding...
(403) Which fixed action will the 10th Space Warning Squadron crew...
(403) Which section of the satellite catalog describes the sequential...
(405) When the 4th Space Control Squadron goes out on a deployable...
(406) Which option is not one of the methods used to submit an...
(409) Which process is not a goal of the Tactics Development Program?
(402) Which sensor is not an Upgrade Early Warning Sensor, but does...
(403) Which ground-based electro-optical sensor is located at 10,000...
(412) Which Air Force Satellite Control Network (AFSCN) antenna mode...
(405) Which squadron is a reserve associate unit conducting space...
(407) Which type of checklist requires the operator to complete each...
(408) Which option can be used by the member that can help to create...
(410) Which step is used in defending against attack for Computer...
(411) Which of the following scripts contains a string of other plans...
(405) The system that is operated in a deployed location and...
(407) In order to institute a change to a technical order which form...
(403) Identify the function of the Joint Space Operations Center...
(404) Identify the data that is readily identified as simulated data...
(407) The functional area of a system that is not covered in a...
(408) During this debriefing step honesty and willingness to accept...
(402) What primary mission does Beale, AFB, RAF, and the Fylingdales...
(404) Which element is not detectable or easily seen through when...
(404) Which test program paved the way for space-based missile warning...
(404) The system that was designed to take over for the Defense...
(406) Identify the Operations Capability (OPSCAP) that indicates that...
(406) Which event will cause a post-analysis report to be performed to...
(407) Identify the section of a technical order that contains the...
(410) Which component of the Global Information Grid foundation layer...
(411) During which contact stage would you send a command to change...
(403) Which PAVE Phased Array Warning System (PAVE PAWS) sensor...
(403) What is the average visual magnitude level that an optical...
(403) Identify the function of the Space Defense Operations Center...
(407) The Military Performance Specification 38314 manual that has a...
(408) Which debriefing step has to be measurable and repeatable in...
(403) Which crew position for the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS)...
(403) The ground-based electro-optical sensor that is located in New...
(405) Which squadron is in charge of the Rapid Attack, Identification,...
(405) The fundamental knowledge that is required for all space control...
(406) When does a ground-based site initiate VOICETELL procedures?
(410) Which asset would need protection from an attack because it is...
(406) Within how many seconds must a site report be passed to the...
(412) Which type of command count keeps track of every command sent to...
(404) Which program can detect the trajectories in all stages of...
(404) Identify the program that is the collection point for...
(405) Which offensive space control effect temporary eliminates all or...
(406) Identify the type of site report sent when the investigation is...
(408) During which debriefing step is a statement that addresses...
(409) Which example describes a space technique?
(410) Which component layer is known as the "wrapper" for the Global...
(411) What do all the ground stations have that lists all the network...
(404) The 21st Space Wing (SW) unit that does not have a primary...
(412) The Automatic Remote Tracking Station (ARTS) site that can run...
(405) Which action is not a passive measure that can be used to...
(409) Where would you find standard detailed steps that explain...
(409) Which process is pushed through the six basic steps on an...
(410) Which action is a broad category used in exploiting...
(412) Which functional component is the brain of the Automated Remote...
(405) Which element is a terrestrial segment that contains the targets...
(411) During which of the following contact stages does the ground...
(404) Which category of testing transmits non- Integrated Tactical...
(405) Which tactic is part of defensive space control operations?
(413) Which event is not something an engineer would use in assessing...
(411) What action(s) can provide a temporary fix so as not to degrade...
(407) Which chapter of a technical order contains the procedures for...
(411) Identify the type of pass that performs satellite ranging.
(410) Identify the step accomplished during Computer Network...
(413) The person that performs further investigation of the telemetry...
(411) Which of the following scripts contain blanks that might require...
(410) Which agency is responsible for synchronizing the planning of...
(412) What can you use to retrieve formulas, biases, and modifier data...
(412) What is normally used to initially acquire a newly launched...
(410) The component of the Global Information Grid foundation layer...
(413) The area used to store completed telemetry data for a period of...
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