Тест по Международным Отношениям

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| By DmitrySupra
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DmitrySupra
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  • 1/50 вопросов

    Субъектами международной политики выступают

    • банки и предприятия
    • СМИ и транспортные корпорации
    • государства, коалиции государств, межправительственные организации
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  • 2. 

    Международные отношения – это

    • род общественных отношений в сфере межнационального и межгосударственного общения характеризуются также совокупностью связей и взаимосвязей между народами, государствами и системой государств

    • совокупность внешнеторговых связей

    • взаимодействия президентов различных стран, для решения общих внешнеполитических вопросов.

    Correct Answer
    A. род общественных отношений в сфере межнационального и межгосударственного общения характеризуются также совокупностью связей и взаимосвязей между народами, государствами и системой государств
    Explanation
    The correct answer is a broad definition of international relations as a type of social relations that involve interactions and connections between nations, states, and the international system. It emphasizes the importance of relationships and interconnections between different countries and the role of states in international affairs. This definition also highlights the significance of international relations in addressing common foreign policy issues.

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  • 3. 

    Какие страны получили наибольшую выгоду в рамках Версальско-Вашингтонской системы?

    • Франция, Германия

    • Великобритания, Франция, США

    • Россия, Италия

    Correct Answer
    A. Великобритания, Франция, США
    Explanation
    Версальско-Вашингтонская система была создана после Первой мировой войны для регулирования международных отношений и экономики. Великобритания, Франция и США получили наибольшую выгоду от этой системы, так как они были главными победителями войны и имели наибольшее влияние на международную политику и экономику. Эти страны смогли диктовать условия мира и получить значительные территориальные, экономические и политические преимущества.

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  • 4. 

    Главной международной проблемой в международных отношениях можно считать

    • проблему сохранения окружающей среды

    • демографическую проблему

    • проблему войны и мира

    Correct Answer
    A. проблему войны и мира
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "проблему войны и мира" (the problem of war and peace). This answer is supported by the fact that war and peace are fundamental issues in international relations. Conflicts and wars between nations have been a major concern throughout history, and achieving peace and preventing wars is a central goal of international diplomacy and cooperation. This problem affects the stability, security, and well-being of nations and their populations, making it a crucial issue in international relations.

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  • 5. 

    В «большую тройку» лидеров после Второй мировой войны в международных отношениях вошли

    • СССР, Франция и Великобритания

    • СССР, США и Великобритания

    • Германия, США и Великобритания

    Correct Answer
    A. СССР, США и Великобритания
    Explanation
    After World War II, the "big three" leaders in international relations were the Soviet Union, the United States, and Great Britain. These three countries emerged as the most powerful nations in the world and played a significant role in shaping the post-war global order. The Soviet Union and the United States, in particular, became superpowers and engaged in a Cold War rivalry that defined much of the international relations during that period. Great Britain, although not as powerful as the other two, still held significant influence and played a key role in shaping global events.

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  • 6. 

    Ялтинско-Постдамская система международных отношений сложилась

    • после Второй Мировой Войны

    • после Первой Мировой Войны

    • в 1941 г.

    Correct Answer
    A. после Второй Мировой Войны
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "после Второй Мировой Войны" (after the Second World War). The Yalta-Potsdam system of international relations was established after the Second World War, as these two conferences played a significant role in shaping the post-war world order. The Yalta Conference took place in February 1945, where the leaders of the Allied powers (United States, Soviet Union, and United Kingdom) discussed the division of Germany and the post-war settlement. The Potsdam Conference followed in July-August 1945, where the leaders further discussed the occupation and administration of Germany and the post-war order in Europe.

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  • 7. 

    Главные участники международных отношений согласно теории реализма – это

    Correct Answer
    государства
    Explanation
    According to the theory of realism, the main participants in international relations are states. Realism emphasizes the importance of states as the primary actors in the international system, focusing on their power, security, and self-interest. States are seen as rational actors pursuing their own national interests and engaging in competition and conflict with other states. This perspective suggests that states are the key players in shaping international politics and determining the outcomes of interactions between nations.

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  • 8. 

    Верно ли утверждение: мировая политика - это международная политика глобального масштаба

    • Верно

    • Неверно

    Correct Answer
    A. Верно
    Explanation
    The statement is correct because "мировая политика" translates to "world politics" and "международная политика глобального масштаба" translates to "international politics on a global scale." Both phrases refer to the same concept of politics that encompasses multiple countries and has a global impact. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 9. 

    Кому принадлежит широко известный тезис «Цели внешней политики должны определяться в терминах национального интереса и поддерживаться соответствующей силой …».

    • Г.Моргентау

    • Р. Нибур

    • Р.Джонотон

    Correct Answer
    A. Г.Моргентау
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Г.Моргентау. Ганс Моргентау был американским политологом и экспертом в области международных отношений. Он сформулировал тезис о том, что цели внешней политики должны определяться национальным интересом и поддерживаться соответствующей силой. Этот тезис является широко известным и оказал значительное влияние на развитие международных отношений.

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  • 10. 

    Венская система международных отношений была нормативно закреплена

    • Венским конгрессом (1814-1815гг.)

    • Венским договором (1834г.)

    • Венская конференция (1821г.)

    Correct Answer
    A. Венским конгрессом (1814-1815гг.)
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Венским конгрессом (1814-1815гг.)". The Vienna Congress, held from 1814 to 1815, established the Vienna System of international relations. This system was a set of norms and principles that aimed to maintain stability and balance of power in Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. The Congress resulted in the signing of various treaties and agreements, which defined the new boundaries and political order of Europe. These agreements, known as the Vienna settlement, played a crucial role in shaping the international relations of the time and had a lasting impact on European diplomacy.

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  • 11. 

    Какое государство вышло из СНГ в 2008 году

    Correct Answer
    Грузия
    Explanation
    Грузия вышла из СНГ в 2008 году. This statement directly states that Georgia left the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in 2008.

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  • 12. 

    Какие методы были характерны для политического реализма 1930-х годов?

    • моральные принципы

    • правовые принципы

    • силовые принципы

    Correct Answer
    A. силовые принципы
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "силовые принципы" (power principles). This is because in the 1930s, political realism emphasized the use of power and force as the primary means of achieving political goals. Moral and legal principles were often seen as secondary or ineffective in the pursuit of national interests.

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  • 13. 

    Под структурой международной системы понимается

    • различные типы политических и иных союзов и группировок

    • совокупность идеологий всех государств

    • совокупность взглядов и методов по решению внешнеполитических проблем

    Correct Answer
    A. различные типы политических и иных союзов и группировок
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "различные типы политических и иных союзов и группировок" which translates to "different types of political and other alliances and groupings." This answer accurately defines the concept of "structure of the international system" as referring to the various types of political and other alliances and groupings that exist within the international system.

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  • 14. 

    Автором идеи столкновения цивилизаций является (укажите фамилию)

    Correct Answer
    Хантингтон
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Хантингтон" because he is the author who proposed the idea of the clash of civilizations. Huntington argued that in the post-Cold War world, conflicts would primarily occur between different civilizations and their respective cultural identities, rather than between nation-states or ideologies. His book "The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order" became influential in shaping discussions about international relations and cultural conflicts.

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  • 15. 

    Верно ли утверждение: С момента Венского конгресса до начала Первой мировой войны перечень ведущих держав не изменился

    • Верно

    • Неверно

    Correct Answer
    A. Верно
    Explanation
    The statement is correct. The leading powers from the time of the Vienna Congress until the start of World War I remained unchanged. This means that the major European powers such as Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia maintained their positions as the dominant states during this period.

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  • 16. 

    Европейский концерт базировался на общем согласии больших государств

    • России, Германия, Пруссии, Франции, Великобритании

    • России, Австрии, Пруссии, Франции, Великобритании

    • России, Австрии, Венгрии, Франции, Великобритании

    Correct Answer
    A. России, Австрии, Пруссии, Франции, Великобритании
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "России, Австрии, Пруссии, Франции, Великобритании". The European Concert was based on the common agreement of these major states, including Russia, Austria, Prussia, France, and Great Britain. These countries played a significant role in maintaining peace and stability in Europe during the 19th century. They cooperated and communicated with each other to resolve conflicts and maintain a balance of power among European nations.

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  • 17. 

    Устав ООН был принят на конференции в 

    • Праге 28 августа 1944 г.

    • Сан-Франциско 26 июня 1945 г

    • Вашингтоне 13 сентября 1945 г.

    Correct Answer
    A. Сан-Франциско 26 июня 1945 г
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "Сан-Франциско 26 июня 1945 г." because the UN Charter was indeed adopted at the United Nations Conference on International Organization held in San Francisco from April 25 to June 26, 1945. This conference brought together representatives from 50 countries to establish the United Nations as an international organization.

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  • 18. 

    Какое из государств-участников не ратифицировало Устав СНГ

    Correct Answer
    Украина
    Explanation
    Украина не ратифицировала Устав СНГ.

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  • 19. 

    Главный показатель политического реализма -

    • "понятие интереса, выраженного в терминах общества"

    • "понятие интереса, выраженного в терминах исполнительной власти"

    • "понятие интереса, выраженного в терминах власти"

    Correct Answer
    A. "понятие интереса, выраженного в терминах власти"
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "понятие интереса, выраженного в терминах власти". This answer aligns with the main indicator of political realism, which is the concept of interest expressed in terms of power. Political realists believe that states are driven by their own self-interest and seek to maximize their power and influence in international relations. Therefore, understanding and analyzing interests through the lens of power is a key aspect of political realism.

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  • 20. 

    В какой период появилось понятие «International relations»?

    • XVI-XVIIвв.

    • XVIII-XIXвв.

    • XVII-XVIIIвв.

    Correct Answer
    A. XVIII-XIXвв.
    Explanation
    The term "International relations" emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries. This period marked a significant shift in global politics and diplomacy, as nations began to interact and form relationships on a more international scale. The concept of international relations became crucial during this time as countries started to recognize the importance of diplomacy, negotiation, and cooperation in maintaining peace and resolving conflicts between nations.

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  • 21. 

    Как называется метод исследования международных отношений, основанный на динамике событий на международной арене

    • ивент - анализ

    • метод когнитивного картирования

    • метод системного моделирования

    Correct Answer
    A. ивент - анализ
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "ивент - анализ" because it refers to a method of studying international relations based on the dynamics of events on the international stage. This method involves analyzing and understanding the impact of specific events and their consequences on international relations. It focuses on the cause and effect relationship between events and their influence on the global political landscape.

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  • 22. 

    Структура международной системы - это

    • различные типы политических и иных союзов и группировок

    • совокупность взглядов и методов по решению внешнеполитических проблем

    • интеграционные группировки

    Correct Answer
    A. различные типы политических и иных союзов и группировок
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "различные типы политических и иных союзов и группировок". This answer accurately describes the structure of the international system as consisting of various types of political and other alliances and groupings. These alliances and groupings play a significant role in shaping the dynamics of international relations and influencing decision-making processes on foreign policy issues.

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  • 23. 

    Какая из стран Южной и Центральной Америки является крупным экспортером нефти?

    Correct Answer
    Венесуэла
    Explanation
    Венесуэла является крупным экспортером нефти в Южной и Центральной Америке.

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  • 24. 

    Метод когнитивного картирования появился на основе 

    • психологии

    • социологии

    • политологии

    Correct Answer
    A. психологии
    Explanation
    The cognitive mapping method emerged based on psychology. This method involves the creation of mental maps or representations of knowledge, concepts, and relationships in the mind. It is rooted in the understanding of how individuals perceive, process, and organize information. Psychology provides the theoretical foundation and insights into cognitive processes that are essential for the development and application of cognitive mapping techniques.

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  • 25. 

    Верно ли утверждение: Основная цель Ялтинско-Потсдамской конференции - создание многополярной структуры МО

    • Верно

    • Неверно

    Correct Answer
    A. Неверно
    Explanation
    The statement is incorrect. The main goal of the Yalta and Potsdam conferences was not to create a multipolar structure of the United Nations. Rather, the conferences aimed to discuss the post-World War II reorganization of Europe and the establishment of peace and stability in the aftermath of the war. The conferences addressed issues such as the division of Germany and the establishment of the United Nations, but their primary focus was not on creating a multipolar structure.

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  • 26. 

    Выберите правильную типологию метода наблюдения в изучении международных отношений

    • инструментальное, включенное, внутреннее

    • инструментальное, включенное, аналитическое

    • включенное, внутреннее, аналитическое

    Correct Answer
    A. инструментальное, включенное, аналитическое
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "инструментальное, включенное, аналитическое". This is because when studying international relations, researchers often use instrumental methods, which involve using tools and techniques to collect data and analyze it. Additionally, the study of international relations requires an inclusive approach, considering various factors and perspectives. Finally, an analytical approach is necessary to examine and interpret the collected data in order to draw meaningful conclusions about international relations.

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  • 27. 

    Верно ли утверждение: С момента Венского конгресса до начала Первой мировой войны перечень ведущих держав не изменился

    • Верно

    • Неверно

    Correct Answer
    A. Верно
    Explanation
    The statement is correct. From the Vienna Congress in 1815 until the start of World War I in 1914, the list of leading powers did not change significantly. The major powers during this period, known as the Great Powers, included countries such as Austria-Hungary, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and Russia. These powers maintained their dominance and influence in international affairs, shaping the political landscape of Europe and the world.

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  • 28. 

    В чем основная проблема метода изучения документов?

    • недоступность информации по причине длительных сроков секретности

    • чрезмерно большой объем информации

    • неактуальность исследований из-за быстрой смены обстановки на мировой арене

    Correct Answer
    A. недоступность информации по причине длительных сроков секретности
    Explanation
    The main problem with the method of studying documents is the unavailability of information due to long periods of secrecy.

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  • 29. 

    Какие три уровня анализа МО выделяли последователи неореализма

    • государство, общество, международные организации

    • общество, индивид, национальная система

    • индивид, государство, международная система

    Correct Answer
    A. индивид, государство, международная система
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "индивид, государство, международная система". This answer suggests that the followers of neorealism identify three levels of analysis in international relations: the individual level, the state level, and the international system level. These levels represent different units of analysis that can be used to understand and explain the behavior of actors in the international arena. By considering the actions and motivations of individuals, states, and the international system as a whole, neorealists aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of international relations.

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  • 30. 

    Европейский союз был создан в (укажите год)

    Correct Answer
    1992
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 1992 because that is the year the European Union was created. The European Union is a political and economic union of 27 member states located primarily in Europe. It was established by the Maastricht Treaty, which was signed on November 7, 1991, and entered into force on November 1, 1993. The creation of the European Union aimed to promote peace, stability, and economic prosperity among its member states through closer cooperation and integration.

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  • 31. 

    Нейджел Форвард в 1970-х годах разработал 

    • критерий создания прецедентов

    • модель принятия решений

    • модель сохранения международного стандарта

    Correct Answer
    A. модель принятия решений
  • 32. 

    Н. Форвард выделил 6 критериев, на основе которых государственные лидеры принимают внешнеполитические решения. К ним не относится

    • критерий сохранения национального единства

    • критерий сохранения национальной роли

    • критерий сохранения мирового единства

    Correct Answer
    A. критерий сохранения мирового единства
    Explanation
    The given answer, "критерий сохранения мирового единства" (criterion of preserving global unity), is not included among the 6 criteria mentioned by the forward. The forward specifically mentions the criteria of preserving national unity and national role, but does not mention anything about preserving global unity. Therefore, the correct answer is the one that is not mentioned in the list of criteria provided.

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  • 33. 

    Вера в возможность создания нового мирового порядка на основе универсальной межправительственной организации – это (укажите понятие)

    Correct Answer
    утопизм
    Explanation
    The belief in the possibility of creating a new world order based on a universal intergovernmental organization is referred to as "утопизм" in Russian, which translates to "utopianism" in English. Utopianism is the idea or belief in the possibility of creating an ideal society or world, often disregarding practicality or feasibility. In this context, the belief in a universal intergovernmental organization as the basis for a new world order can be seen as an idealistic and impractical notion.

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  • 34. 

    Модернизм появился

    • в конце 1980-х

    • в начале 1920-х

    • в середине 1950-х

    Correct Answer
    A. в середине 1950-х
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "в середине 1950-х". This is because modernism emerged in the mid-1950s. This artistic and cultural movement was a response to the aftermath of World War II and sought to break away from traditional forms and embrace innovation and experimentation in various fields such as art, literature, architecture, and music. The mid-1950s marked a significant shift in the cultural landscape, with artists and thinkers pushing boundaries and challenging established norms.

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  • 35. 

    В основу Вестфальской системы была положена идея 

    • национального государства

    • нации как государства

    • суверенного государства

    Correct Answer
    A. национального государства
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "национального государства" (national state). The explanation is that the basis of the Westphalian system was the idea of a nation-state, where the nation and the state are closely aligned. This concept emerged after the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, which marked the end of the Thirty Years' War in Europe. The Westphalian system established the principle of state sovereignty and the idea that each state has the right to govern its own territory without interference from external powers. This system played a significant role in shaping the modern international system.

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  • 36. 

    Какие страны  НЕ являются постоянными членами Совета Безопасности ООН (выберите несколько вариантов ответа)

    • Япония

    • Россия

    • Германия

    • Великобритания

    • Италия

    • Индия

    • США

    • Бразилия

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Япония
    A. Германия
    A. Италия
    A. Индия
    A. Бразилия
    Explanation
    The question asks for the countries that are not permanent members of the UN Security Council. The correct answer lists Japan, Germany, Italy, India, and Brazil, which are indeed not permanent members of the Security Council.

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  • 37. 

    В центре международной политики находится

    • борьба за власть

    • подавление стран, не поддерживающих «нужные» интересы

    • поиск компромиссов и сотрудничество

    Correct Answer
    A. борьба за власть
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "борьба за власть" (struggle for power). This is because the question is asking about what is at the center of international politics, and the struggle for power is a key aspect of international relations. Countries and leaders often compete for power and influence on the global stage, which shapes the dynamics and outcomes of international politics.

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  • 38. 

    Подвидом какой теории международных отношений является мир-системная теория (укажите название теории)

    Correct Answer
    неомарксизм
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "неомарксизм" (neomarxism). Neomarxism is a subcategory of the theory of international relations known as world-system theory. This theory focuses on the global capitalist system and the unequal power relations between core, semi-peripheral, and peripheral countries. Neomarxists argue that the capitalist system perpetuates economic exploitation and inequality on a global scale, and that social change and revolution are necessary to achieve a more equitable world order.

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  • 39. 

    Появление глобального уровня международной политики связано с:

    • формированием единого мирового хозяйства

    • окончанием эпохи великих географических открытий

    • увеличением интеграционных группировок в мире

    Correct Answer
    A. формированием единого мирового хозяйства
    Explanation
    The emergence of global level international politics is associated with the formation of a unified global economy. This means that as the world becomes more interconnected economically, it necessitates the development of a global political framework to regulate and govern these economic interactions. The formation of a unified global economy leads to the need for global governance and decision-making processes, which in turn gives rise to global level international politics. The other options, such as the end of the era of great geographical discoveries and the increase in integration groups in the world, do not directly explain the emergence of global level international politics.

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  • 40. 

    Общее состояние международных систем определяется переменными. К «независимым переменным» не относится:

    • управление силой (применение силы против другого государства)

    • структура международной системы

    • формы и виды взаимодействия основных элементов системы

    Correct Answer
    A. управление силой (применение силы против другого государства)
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "управление силой (применение силы против другого государства)". This is because the other two options, "структура международной системы" (structure of the international system) and "формы и виды взаимодействия основных элементов системы" (forms and types of interaction between the main elements of the system), are considered independent variables that contribute to the overall state of the international system. However, the use of force against another state is not considered an independent variable in this context.

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  • 41. 

    Кто из перечисленных людей не имеет отношение к  возникновению в международных отношениях этапа модернизма?

    • Мортон Каплан

    • Самюэль Хантингтон

    • Карл Дойч

    Correct Answer
    A. Самюэль Хантингтон
    Explanation
    Samuel Huntington is the correct answer because he is not related to the emergence of the modernist stage in international relations. Morton Kaplan and Karl Deutsch are both well-known scholars who made significant contributions to the study of international relations and the development of modernist theories. However, Samuel Huntington is known for his work on the "clash of civilizations" theory, which is not directly related to the emergence of modernism in international relations.

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  • 42. 

    Большое значение в концепции  Ричарда Снайдера отведено

    • статусам

    • мотивации

    • взаимоотношениям различных органов

    Correct Answer
    A. мотивации
    Explanation
    In Richard Snyder's concept, a significant emphasis is placed on motivation. This suggests that motivation plays a crucial role in his theory and is given great importance. The concept likely explores how motivation drives behavior, influences decision-making, and impacts individuals' actions and goals. It may also explore different types of motivation and their effects on individuals and their relationships.

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  • 43. 

    Сколько стран стали членами-учредителями Устава ООН первоначально (укажите количество)

    Correct Answer
    50
    Explanation
    The correct answer is 50 because the question asks for the number of countries that initially became founding members of the UN Charter. Since the question specifically asks for the quantity, the answer is simply the number provided, which is 50.

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  • 44. 

    Под ролевыми факторами в концепции сцепления понимается

    • роли лиц, вытекающие из занимаемого официального положения

    • роль государства в мировой расстановке сил

    • положение государства по отношению к определенной ситуации

    Correct Answer
    A. роли лиц, вытекающие из занимаемого официального положения
    Explanation
    The concept of coupling refers to the roles of individuals that arise from their official positions. In other words, it refers to the responsibilities and obligations that individuals have based on their official roles or positions. These roles can influence the dynamics and interactions within a system or organization.

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  • 45. 

    Критерий развития международного стандарта по Н. Форварду подразумевает

    • следование нормам морали и международного права

    • развитие государства по определенному международному стандарту

    • сотрудничество государств согласно определенным правилам и стандартам

    Correct Answer
    A. следование нормам морали и международного права
    Explanation
    The criterion for the development of an international standard according to N. Forward implies adherence to moral norms and international law. This means that when developing a standard, it is important to consider not only legal requirements but also ethical principles. By following moral norms and international law, the standard can ensure that it promotes fairness, justice, and respect for human rights in international relations. This criterion emphasizes the importance of aligning standards with universally accepted principles and values.

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  • 46. 

    Кто автор концепции «сцепления» в теории международных отношений?

    • Р. Розенкранц

    • Д. Сингер

    • Дж. Розенау

    Correct Answer
    A. Р. Розенкранц
    Explanation
    Р. Розенкранц является автором концепции "сцепления" в теории международных отношений.

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  • 47. 

    Верно ли утверждение: изменение мировой политики в конце 1950-х годов в период накала холодной войны, повлияло на возникновение модернизма

    • Верно

    • Неверно

    Correct Answer
    A. Неверно
    Explanation
    The statement is incorrect. The change in world politics in the late 1950s during the height of the Cold War did not directly influence the emergence of modernism. Modernism is an artistic and cultural movement that originated in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by a break from traditional forms and a focus on experimentation and innovation. While political events can certainly have an impact on art and culture, the development of modernism was influenced by a variety of factors, including technological advancements, social changes, and intellectual movements, rather than specific political events during the Cold War.

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  • 48. 

    Первая попытка исследования модернистского характера была предпринята

    • Дж. Розенау (1954г.)

    • Ч. Макклеландом (1955г.)

    • М. Капланом (1954г.)

    Correct Answer
    A. Ч. Макклеландом (1955г.)
    Explanation
    Charles McClelland made the first attempt to study the modernist character in 1955.

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  • 49. 

     В чем основная сложность метода системного моделирования?

    • невозможно построит модель идентичную с изучаемым объектом

    • метод подходит не для всех ситуаций

    • для успешного пользования методом необходимы хорошие практические навыки в вычислениях

    Correct Answer
    A. для успешного пользования методом необходимы хорошие практические навыки в вычислениях
    Explanation
    The main difficulty of the system modeling method is the requirement for good practical skills in calculations in order to use the method successfully.

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