Test Your Earth Science Knowledge With This Earthquake Quiz

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  • 1/98 Questions

    What are the layers of the earth?

    • Crust
    • Core
    • Mantle
    • All of the above
Please wait...
About This Quiz

This Earth Science quiz focuses on Chapter 8, Earthquakes, exploring key concepts such as the mechanisms behind earthquakes, movements along faults, and the study of seismic waves. It assesses understanding of earthquake features and the foundational theories of plate tectonics.

Test Your Earth Science Knowledge With This Earthquake Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    P and S waves are a short name for ...

    • Primary and secondary waves

    • Pivotal and secondary waves

    • Primary and secular waves

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Primary and secondary waves
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Primary and secondary waves. P and S waves are commonly used abbreviations for primary and secondary waves, respectively. These waves are seismic waves that are generated by earthquakes and travel through the Earth's interior. P waves are the fastest and can travel through both solids and liquids, while S waves are slower and can only travel through solids. The use of these abbreviations is common in the field of seismology to differentiate between different types of seismic waves.

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  • 3. 

    What terms involve the location of an earthquake?

    • Focus, Epicenter

    • Body Wave, Surface Wave

    • Primary wave, Secondary Wave

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Focus, Epicenter
    Explanation
    The terms "Focus" and "Epicenter" both involve the location of an earthquake. The focus refers to the point within the Earth where the earthquake originates, while the epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus. These terms are commonly used in seismology to describe the location and intensity of an earthquake.

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  • 4. 

    Which layer of the Earth is below the crust?

    • Mantle

    • Inner Core

    • Outer Core

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Mantle
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the mantle. The mantle is the layer of the Earth that is located below the crust. It is composed of hot, solid rock and is the second layer of the Earth, after the crust. The mantle is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates and plays a crucial role in the Earth's geological processes.

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  • 5. 

    Which is an earthquake recording instrument?

    • Barometer

    • Richter scale

    • Seismograph

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Seismograph
    Explanation
    A seismograph is an earthquake recording instrument that is used to measure and record the vibrations caused by seismic waves. It consists of a base that remains stationary during an earthquake, and a pendulum or mass suspended from it. When an earthquake occurs, the base shakes while the suspended mass remains relatively still due to inertia. This movement is recorded by a pen attached to the mass, which traces the seismic waves on a rotating drum or paper. The data collected by seismographs is crucial for studying and understanding earthquakes, as well as for monitoring seismic activity around the world.

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  • 6. 

    Which of the following is true?

    • Magnitude is often measured by the Richter Scale

    • Intensity is measured by the Modified Mercalli Scale

    • Both A & B

    • Neither A or B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A & B
    Explanation
    Both A and B are true. Magnitude is often measured by the Richter Scale, which is a logarithmic scale that measures the amount of energy released during an earthquake. Intensity, on the other hand, is measured by the Modified Mercalli Scale, which assesses the effects of an earthquake on humans, structures, and the environment. While magnitude quantifies the energy of an earthquake, intensity describes its impact on the ground. Therefore, both scales play important roles in understanding and studying earthquakes.

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  • 7. 

    The thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth is the ...

    • Mantle

    • Crust

    • Inner Core

    • Outer Core

    Correct Answer
    A. Crust
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the crust. The crust is the thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth. It is the Earth's outermost layer and is composed of solid rock. The crust is divided into two types: continental crust, which is thicker and less dense, and oceanic crust, which is thinner and more dense. The crust is where we live and where most geological activity occurs, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

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  • 8. 

    A general feature of an earthquake is

    • Associated with movements along faults

    • Vibration of the Earth produced by the rapid release of energy

    • A & B

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. A & B
    Explanation
    An earthquake is generally characterized by two main features: movements along faults and the vibration of the Earth caused by the rapid release of energy. These two features are closely associated with earthquakes and are commonly observed during seismic events. Therefore, the correct answer is A & B, as both options accurately describe general features of an earthquake.

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  • 9. 

    Rocks spring back is a phenomena called

    • Elastic Rebound

    • Plate Tectonics

    • Seismology

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Elastic Rebound
    Explanation
    Elastic Rebound is the correct answer because it refers to the phenomenon where rocks spring back to their original shape after being subjected to stress and then released. This is commonly observed during earthquakes, where accumulated stress in the Earth's crust is suddenly released, causing the rocks to "rebound" and generate seismic waves. Plate Tectonics and Seismology are not directly related to the specific behavior of rocks springing back, hence they are not the correct answers.

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  • 10. 

    Primary and secondary waves are ....

    • Body waves

    • Surface waves

    • Vibration waves

    • Velocity waves

    Correct Answer
    A. Body waves
    Explanation
    Body waves refer to seismic waves that travel through the Earth's interior, as opposed to surface waves that only travel along the Earth's surface. Primary waves (P-waves) and secondary waves (S-waves) are both types of body waves. P-waves are compressional waves that travel faster and can move through solids, liquids, and gases, while S-waves are shear waves that travel slower and can only move through solids. Therefore, the correct answer is "Body waves" because primary and secondary waves are types of seismic waves that propagate through the Earth's interior.

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  • 11. 

    A tsumani is 

    • A gigantic hurricane

    • A seismic sea wave

    • A landslide

    • Liquefaction of the ground

    Correct Answer
    A. A seismic sea wave
    Explanation
    A tsunami is a seismic sea wave caused by an underwater earthquake, volcanic eruption, or landslide. It is not a hurricane, landslide, or liquefaction of the ground. Tsunamis can travel across the ocean at high speeds and can cause significant damage and loss of life when they reach the coast.

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  • 12. 

    A seismic sea wave is a 

    • Fault

    • Primary wave

    • Body wave

    • Tsunami

    Correct Answer
    A. Tsunami
    Explanation
    A seismic sea wave refers to a tsunami. A tsunami is a large ocean wave usually caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption. It can also be triggered by landslides or meteorite impacts. These waves can travel across the ocean at high speeds and can cause significant damage and destruction when they reach coastal areas. Therefore, a seismic sea wave is synonymous with a tsunami.

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  • 13. 

    Which is true about primary waves?

    • Travel through solids, liquids and gases

    • Have a "shake" motion

    • Travel only through solids

    • Slower velocity than secondary waves

    Correct Answer
    A. Travel through solids, liquids and gases
    Explanation
    Primary waves, also known as P-waves, are seismic waves that can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. They are the fastest seismic waves and have a push-pull or compressional motion, which causes particles to vibrate in the same direction as the wave is traveling. This allows P-waves to travel through different mediums, including solid rock, liquid magma, and even the Earth's atmosphere. Therefore, the statement "travel through solids, liquids, and gases" is true for primary waves.

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  • 14. 

    Which is true about primary waves?

    • Push-pull (compressional) motion

    • Travel through gases only

    • Slowest velocity of all waves

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Push-pull (compressional) motion
    Explanation
    Primary waves, also known as P-waves, are a type of seismic waves that exhibit push-pull or compressional motion. This means that the particles in the medium through which the waves travel are alternately compressed and expanded in the same direction as the wave propagation. P-waves can travel through solids, liquids, and gases, unlike other seismic waves. Additionally, P-waves have the fastest velocity among all seismic waves, not the slowest. Therefore, the correct answer is "Push-pull (compressional) motion."

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  • 15. 

    Which of the Earth's layer is below the mantle?

    • Crust

    • Inner Core

    • Outer Core

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Outer Core
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Outer Core because it is the layer below the mantle. The Earth's layers are divided into the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core, with the outer core being the third layer from the surface. It is composed of liquid iron and nickel and is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field.

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  • 16. 

    Earthquakes are

    • Movements along easements

    • Movements along faults

    • Movements along rock formations

    • Movements along pipelines

    Correct Answer
    A. Movements along faults
    Explanation
    Earthquakes occur due to movements along faults, which are fractures in the Earth's crust where rocks on either side have moved past each other. These movements can cause the Earth's surface to shake, resulting in an earthquake. Faults are commonly found in areas where tectonic plates meet and interact, such as along plate boundaries. As the plates move, stress builds up along the fault line until it is released in the form of an earthquake. Therefore, movements along faults are responsible for causing earthquakes.

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  • 17. 

    Which is true about primary waves?

    • Greatest velocity of all earthquake waves

    • Slowest velocity of all earthquake waves

    • Shortest of all earthquake waves

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Greatest velocity of all earthquake waves
    Explanation
    Primary waves, also known as P-waves, are a type of seismic wave that travel through the Earth's interior during an earthquake. They are the fastest seismic waves and have the greatest velocity compared to other earthquake waves. P-waves are longitudinal waves that can travel through solid, liquid, and gas, causing particles to move in the same direction as the wave propagation. This characteristic allows P-waves to arrive at seismic stations first, providing valuable information about the location and magnitude of an earthquake.

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  • 18. 

    A general feature of an earthquake is 

    • Vibration of Earth produced by the rapid release of energy

    • Preceded by foreshocks and followed by afterschocks

    • Movements along faults

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "All of the above". This is because all the given options are true for a general feature of an earthquake. An earthquake is characterized by the vibration of the Earth, which is caused by the rapid release of energy. It is also typically preceded by foreshocks and followed by aftershocks. Additionally, earthquakes occur due to movements along faults, making this option the correct answer.

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  • 19. 

    Landslides, ground subsistence and fires can cause

    • Magnitude

    • Destruction

    • Tsumamis

    • Liquefaction

    Correct Answer
    A. Destruction
    Explanation
    Landslides, ground subsidence, and fires can all lead to significant destruction. Landslides involve the movement of large amounts of soil and rock down a slope, causing damage to structures and infrastructure in their path. Ground subsidence refers to the sinking or settling of the ground, which can cause buildings and roads to collapse or become unstable. Fires can destroy vegetation, buildings, and other structures, leading to widespread destruction. While the question does not provide specific information about tsunamis or liquefaction, it can be inferred that these events can also cause destruction.

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  • 20. 

    Which of the statements are true about the core of the Earth?

    • The radius of the sphere of the outer core is larger than the radius of the sphere of the inner core.

    • The radius of the sphere of the inner core is larger than the radius of the sphere of the outer core.

    • The radius of the sphere of the inner core and outer core are the same.

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. The radius of the sphere of the outer core is larger than the radius of the sphere of the inner core.
    Explanation
    The correct answer is that the radius of the sphere of the outer core is larger than the radius of the sphere of the inner core. This is supported by scientific evidence and studies on the Earth's core. The outer core is a liquid layer made of molten iron and nickel, while the inner core is a solid layer made of solid iron and nickel. The outer core surrounds the inner core, so it makes sense that its radius would be larger.

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  • 21. 

    Seismology is

    • The study of earthquake waves

    • The study of earthquake faults

    • The study of earthquake energy

    • The study of elastic rebound

    Correct Answer
    A. The study of earthquake waves
    Explanation
    Seismology is the study of earthquake waves. This field of study focuses on understanding the behavior and characteristics of seismic waves that are generated by earthquakes. Seismologists analyze these waves to determine the location, magnitude, and source of earthquakes, as well as to study the Earth's interior structure. By studying earthquake waves, seismologists can also gain insights into the processes and mechanisms that cause earthquakes, helping to improve our understanding of seismic activity and develop better methods for earthquake prediction and hazard assessment.

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  • 22. 

    The epicenter is the ...

    • Place where the earthquake originates

    • Recording of the earthquake's movement

    • Point on the surface directly above the focus

    • Distance of the earthquake

    Correct Answer
    A. Point on the surface directly above the focus
    Explanation
    The epicenter refers to the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake. The focus is the location within the Earth where the earthquake originates. Therefore, the epicenter represents the point on the surface that is directly above the focus.

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  • 23. 

    The place within the Earth where the earthquake originates is the ...

    • Focus

    • Diameter

    • Epicenter

    • Magnitude

    Correct Answer
    A. Focus
    Explanation
    The focus refers to the exact point within the Earth where an earthquake originates. It is the location where the seismic energy is released, causing the ground to shake. The focus is usually located deep within the Earth's crust or upper mantle. The seismic waves radiate outwards from the focus, causing the surface to vibrate and resulting in an earthquake. The focus is different from the epicenter, which is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus. The diameter and magnitude are not directly related to the location of the earthquake's origin.

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  • 24. 

    The design of the structure is a factor in determining ...

    • Magnitude

    • Intensity

    • Structural damage

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Structural damage
    Explanation
    The design of a structure plays a crucial role in determining the extent of structural damage. A well-designed structure is more likely to withstand external forces and maintain its integrity, resulting in less damage. On the other hand, a poorly designed structure may be more susceptible to damage, especially during events such as earthquakes or strong winds. Therefore, the design of a structure directly influences the level of structural damage it may experience.

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  • 25. 

    A sphere with a radius of 754 miles (1216 km) and behavior like a solid are properties of ...

    • Inner core

    • Outer core

    • Crust

    • Mantle

    Correct Answer
    A. Inner core
    Explanation
    The inner core is the correct answer because it is the central part of the Earth, located beneath the mantle. It is a solid sphere with a radius of approximately 754 miles (1216 km). The inner core is composed mainly of iron and nickel, and its behavior as a solid is due to the immense pressure and high temperatures at its center. It plays a crucial role in the Earth's magnetic field and contributes to the overall structure and dynamics of the planet.

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  • 26. 

    Which of the following statements are true?

    • The Richter scales does not measure the size of very large earthquakes adequately

    • The moment magnitude scale measures the size of very large earthquakes adequately

    • Both A & B

    • Neither A or B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A & B
    Explanation
    Both statement A and B are true. The Richter scale is not suitable for accurately measuring the size of very large earthquakes. It was originally developed for smaller earthquakes and becomes less accurate as the magnitude increases. On the other hand, the moment magnitude scale is specifically designed to measure the size of very large earthquakes. It takes into account various factors such as the area of the fault that slipped and the amount of slip, providing a more accurate measurement for larger earthquakes. Therefore, both A and B are correct statements.

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  • 27. 

    What factors determine structural damage?

    • Intensity of the earthquake

    • Duration of the vibrations

    • Nature of the material upon which the structure rests

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The factors that determine structural damage include the intensity of the earthquake, the duration of the vibrations, and the nature of the material upon which the structure rests. The intensity of the earthquake refers to the amount of energy released during the seismic event, which can directly impact the level of damage. The duration of the vibrations also plays a role, as prolonged shaking can cause more stress and strain on the structure. Additionally, the nature of the material beneath the structure can affect its stability and susceptibility to damage. Therefore, all of these factors contribute to determining the extent of structural damage.

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following statements are true about the Anchorage, Alaska earthquake?

    • Occurred in 1964

    • Turnagain Heights slide was result of it

    • Both A & B

    • Neither A or B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A & B
    Explanation
    Both statement A and B are true. The Anchorage, Alaska earthquake occurred in 1964 and the Turnagain Heights slide was a result of it.

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  • 29. 

    A seismogram is ...

    • A record of the Earth's movement

    • An instrument that records the Earth's movement

    • A measure of the energy of the Earth

    • A measure of the Earth's faults

    Correct Answer
    A. A record of the Earth's movement
    Explanation
    A seismogram is a graphical representation or record of the Earth's movement. It is created by a seismograph, which is an instrument designed to detect and measure seismic waves caused by earthquakes or other sources of ground motion. The seismogram provides valuable information about the timing, duration, and intensity of the Earth's movement, allowing scientists to study and analyze seismic activity.

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  • 30. 

    Which waves are made up of primary and secondary waves?

    • Surface waves

    • Body waves

    • Velocity waves

    • Solid waves

    Correct Answer
    A. Body waves
    Explanation
    Body waves are the waves that travel through the Earth's interior. They are made up of primary (P) waves and secondary (S) waves. P waves are the fastest seismic waves and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. S waves are slower than P waves and can only travel through solids. Therefore, body waves are the waves that are made up of primary and secondary waves.

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  • 31. 

    Movement along faults are explained by

    • Elastic rebound theory

    • Vibration theory

    • Fault tectonics theory

    • Plate tectonics theory

    Correct Answer
    A. Plate tectonics theory
    Explanation
    Plate tectonics theory is the correct answer because it explains the movement along faults by stating that the Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large plates that float and move on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them. These plates interact with each other at their boundaries, which are known as faults. The movement along these faults is a result of the interaction between the plates, such as convergent, divergent, or transform boundaries. This theory provides a comprehensive explanation for various geological phenomena, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.

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  • 32. 

    What is the order of the composition of the Earth?

    • Mantle, Crust, Inner core, Outer core

    • Mantle, Crust, Outer core, Inner core

    • Crust, Mantle, Inner core, Outer core

    • Crust, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core

    Correct Answer
    A. Crust, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Crust, Mantle, Outer core, Inner core. This is the correct order of the composition of the Earth. The crust is the outermost layer, followed by the mantle, which is a thick layer of rock. Next is the outer core, which is a liquid layer made of molten iron and nickel. Finally, the inner core is the innermost layer, consisting of solid iron and nickel.

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  • 33. 

    Which is true about secondary waves?

    • Push-pull (compression) motion

    • Travels through solids, liquids and gases

    • Slower velocity than primary waves

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Slower velocity than primary waves
    Explanation
    Secondary waves, also known as S-waves, exhibit a push-pull or compression motion. They can travel through solids, but not through liquids or gases. Additionally, secondary waves have a slower velocity than primary waves. Therefore, the correct answer is that secondary waves have a slower velocity than primary waves.

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  • 34. 

    What is the measure of the degree of earthquake shaking at a given locale based on the amount of damage?

    • Intensity

    • Magnitude

    • Focus

    • Liquefaction

    Correct Answer
    A. Intensity
    Explanation
    Intensity is the measure of the degree of earthquake shaking at a given locale based on the amount of damage. It quantifies the effects of an earthquake at a specific location, taking into account factors such as structural damage, ground shaking, and human perception. Magnitude, on the other hand, measures the total amount of energy released by an earthquake, while focus refers to the location underground where the earthquake originates. Liquefaction is a phenomenon where saturated soil temporarily loses strength and behaves like a liquid during an earthquake.

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  • 35. 

    Earthquakes are produced by

    • Avalanches

    • Rock formations

    • Rapid release of energy

    • Breaks in the earth

    Correct Answer
    A. Rapid release of energy
    Explanation
    Earthquakes are produced by a rapid release of energy. This release of energy occurs when there is a sudden movement or rupture along a fault line in the Earth's crust. The stress that builds up along the fault line is released in the form of seismic waves, causing the ground to shake. This rapid release of energy can be triggered by various factors such as tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, or even human-induced activities like mining or reservoir-induced seismicity.

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  • 36. 

    Which is true about a secondary wave?

    • It's a type of body wave.

    • It has a slower velocity than a primary wave.

    • A & B

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. A & B
    Explanation
    A secondary wave is a type of body wave that travels through the Earth's interior. It is also known as an S-wave and is characterized by its slower velocity compared to a primary wave. Therefore, both statements A and B are true about a secondary wave.

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  • 37. 

    Which of the following occurs during liquefaction of the ground?

    • Ground shaking

    • Seismic sea waves

    • Fires

    • Saturated material turns to fluid

    Correct Answer
    A. Saturated material turns to fluid
    Explanation
    During liquefaction of the ground, the saturated material in the ground loses its strength and stiffness, causing it to behave like a fluid instead of a solid. This occurs due to the increase in pore water pressure caused by the shaking of the ground during an earthquake. As a result, the ground loses its ability to support structures and can lead to the sinking or tilting of buildings and other infrastructure.

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  • 38. 

    Which of the following statements about the layers of the Earth are true?

    • The outer core has an average density of nearly 11 g/cm3.

    • The outer core has a radius of 2161 miles (3486 km)

    • The inner core has a radius of 754 miles (1216 km)

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The given answer "All of the above" is correct because all three statements about the layers of the Earth are true. The outer core does have an average density of nearly 11 g/cm3, the outer core does have a radius of 2161 miles (3486 km), and the inner core does have a radius of 754 miles (1216 km). Therefore, all the statements are true.

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  • 39. 

    Which instrument records the movement of Earth?

    • Seismograph

    • Seismogram

    • Barometer

    • Richter scale

    Correct Answer
    A. Seismograph
    Explanation
    A seismograph is an instrument that records the movement of the Earth. It detects and measures seismic waves caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or other seismic events. The seismograph consists of a suspended mass that remains stationary while the Earth moves beneath it. As the Earth shakes, the mass remains relatively still, and a pen attached to it records the motion on a rotating drum or a digital display. This allows scientists to analyze and study the characteristics of the seismic waves, providing valuable information about the Earth's interior and the occurrence of earthquakes.

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  • 40. 

    What are the main types of earthquake waves?

    • Body waves, surface waves

    • Primary waves, secondary waves

    • Short waves, long waves

    • Slow waves, fast waves

    Correct Answer
    A. Body waves, surface waves
    Explanation
    Earthquake waves can be classified into two main types: body waves and surface waves. Body waves are seismic waves that travel through the Earth's interior, while surface waves travel along the Earth's surface. Primary waves (P-waves) and secondary waves (S-waves) are specific types of body waves. P-waves are the fastest seismic waves and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases, while S-waves are slower and can only travel through solids. Short waves and long waves, as well as slow waves and fast waves, are not accurate descriptions of earthquake waves.

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  • 41. 

    Magnitude is often measured by ...

    • Richter scale

    • Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale

    • H. Reid Intensity Scale

    • Moment magnitude scale

    Correct Answer
    A. Richter scale
    Explanation
    The Richter scale is commonly used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes. It quantifies the energy released by an earthquake by measuring the amplitude of seismic waves. Developed by Charles F. Richter in 1935, it is a logarithmic scale that assigns a numerical value to the earthquake based on the amplitude of seismic waves recorded by seismographs. The Richter scale is widely recognized and used by scientists and the general public to understand and compare the intensity of earthquakes.

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  • 42. 

    Which layer of the Earth is below the crust to a depth of 1800 miles (2900 km) and the uppermost part of it is made of igneous rock peridotite?

    • Inner core

    • Outer core

    • Mantle

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Mantle
    Explanation
    The mantle is the layer of the Earth that is below the crust and extends to a depth of 1800 miles (2900 km). The uppermost part of the mantle is made of igneous rock peridotite. The mantle is located between the crust and the outer core of the Earth. It is composed of solid rock, although it can flow slowly over long periods of time. The mantle plays a crucial role in the movement of tectonic plates and the convection of heat within the Earth.

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  • 43. 

    Peridotite is ....

    • Dense, coarse igneous rock

    • Dense, coarse sedimentary rock

    • Dense coarse metamorphic rock

    • Dense, coarse pediment rock

    Correct Answer
    A. Dense, coarse igneous rock
    Explanation
    Peridotite is a dense, coarse igneous rock. Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten material, known as magma or lava. Peridotite is primarily composed of the minerals olivine and pyroxene, which give it a coarse texture. It is also known for its high density due to the presence of heavy minerals. This rock type is commonly found in the Earth's mantle and is associated with tectonic plate boundaries and volcanic activity.

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  • 44. 

    The mantle is made of ...

    • Lava from the astenosphere that has a composition similar to partial melting of a rock called peridotite.

    • Metallic meteorites made of iron and nickel

    • Stony varieties of dense rock

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Lava from the astenosphere that has a composition similar to partial melting of a rock called peridotite.
    Explanation
    The mantle is made of lava from the asthenosphere that has a composition similar to partial melting of a rock called peridotite. This is because the asthenosphere is a layer of the Earth's mantle that is partially molten, and the rock peridotite is a common rock found in the mantle. The mantle is not made of metallic meteorites made of iron and nickel or stony varieties of dense rock.

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  • 45. 

    A sphere with a radius of 2161 miles (3486 km), composed of iron-nickel alloy and an average density of 11 g/cm3 are properties of 

    • Inner core

    • Outer core

    • Crust

    • Mantle

    Correct Answer
    A. Outer core
    Explanation
    The given properties of a sphere, such as a radius of 2161 miles (3486 km), composed of iron-nickel alloy, and an average density of 11 g/cm3, are characteristics that match the description of the outer core. The outer core is the layer of the Earth located beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core. It is primarily composed of molten iron and nickel, and its high density is consistent with the given average density. Therefore, the correct answer is the outer core.

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  • 46. 

    What is the minimum number of station recordings needed to locate an epicenter?

    • 5

    • 4

    • 3

    • 2

    Correct Answer
    A. 3
    Explanation
    To locate an epicenter, at least three station recordings are needed. This is because each station records the arrival time of the seismic waves from the earthquake at its location. By comparing the arrival times of the seismic waves at different stations, the distance from each station to the epicenter can be determined. With the distances from at least three stations, the epicenter can be triangulated. Therefore, three station recordings are the minimum requirement to locate an epicenter.

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following statements are true?

    • During liquefaction of the ground, saturated material turns to fluid.

    • During liquefaction of the ground, underground objects may float to the surface

    • Both A and B

    • Neither A or B

    Correct Answer
    A. Both A and B
    Explanation
    During liquefaction of the ground, saturated material turns to fluid. This is because liquefaction occurs when the ground loses its strength due to the saturation of soil particles with water, causing the soil to behave like a liquid.

    During liquefaction of the ground, underground objects may float to the surface. This is because the loss of soil strength can cause the upward movement of objects or structures that were previously buried underground, as they become buoyant in the liquefied soil.

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  • 48. 

    What layer  of the Earth's evidence comes from meteorites where iron and other dense metals sank to the Earth's interior during the early history of the planet?

    • Mantle

    • Core

    • Crust

    • None of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Core
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Core. This is because the core is the layer of the Earth's interior where iron and other dense metals sank during the early history of the planet. The core is divided into two parts: the outer core, which is liquid, and the inner core, which is solid. The presence of iron and other dense metals in the core is supported by evidence from meteorites, which have similar compositions to the Earth's core.

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  • 49. 

    Which is true about a surface wave?

    • Has complex motion

    • Greatest velocity of all waves

    • Push-pull (compressional) motion

    • Travels through solids, liquids and gases

    Correct Answer
    A. Has complex motion
    Explanation
    A surface wave is a type of wave that travels along the boundary between two different mediums, such as air and water or solid ground. It has complex motion because it combines both transverse and longitudinal motion. This means that the particles of the medium move both up and down as well as back and forth. Surface waves are known to cause the most damage during earthquakes and can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. Therefore, the statement "has complex motion" is true about a surface wave.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Apr 9, 2025 +

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  • Current Version
  • Apr 09, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 22, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    Momkaren

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