Philippine NLE Quiz: Can You Pass the Board Exam?

1. What is the primary role of the parasympathetic nervous system in the body?

Increase heart rate and blood pressure

Promote rest, digestion, and conservation of energy

Enhance muscle contraction during stress

Stimulate epinephrine release from adrenal glands

2. Which of the following is a normal finding in a healthy adult's blood pressure?

Less than 120/80 mmHg

130-139/80-89 mmHg

140/90 mmHg or higher

100/60 mmHg or lower

3. What is the mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in treating hypertension?

Block angiotensin II formation and promote vasodilation

Increase heart rate and cardiac output

Enhance sodium reabsorption in kidneys

Stimulate aldosterone production

4. In the nursing process, which phase involves gathering information about the patient?

Assessment

Diagnosis

Planning

Evaluation

5. What is the normal range for adult body temperature in Celsius?

35.5-37.5°C

36.5-37.5°C

37.5-38.5°C

38.5-39.5°C

6. Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood glucose levels?

Insulin and glucagon

Thyroid hormone and calcitonin

Cortisol and epinephrine

Parathyroid hormone and calcitriol

7. What is the primary function of platelets in hemostasis?

Transport oxygen to tissues

Form primary plug and initiate coagulation

Destroy pathogens and foreign substances

Produce antibodies against antigens

8. Which of the following is a sign of respiratory distress in adults?

Respiratory rate of 12-20 breaths per minute

Use of accessory muscles and nasal flaring

Oxygen saturation of 95-100%

Regular, even chest expansion bilaterally

9. What is the correct hand hygiene procedure before patient contact?

Wash hands with soap and water for 20-30 seconds

Use alcohol-based sanitizer only

Rinse hands briefly under running water

Wear gloves without washing hands

10. Which drug class is contraindicated in patients with acute coronary syndrome?

Aspirin and clopidogrel

Beta-blockers and nitrates

Nonselective beta-blockers in uncontrolled asthma

ACE inhibitors and statins

11. What is the primary goal of patient education in chronic disease management?

Increase medication compliance and self-care skills

Reduce hospital visits without lifestyle changes

Shift responsibility entirely to healthcare providers

Eliminate the need for follow-up appointments

12. Which assessment finding indicates potential fluid overload in a cardiac patient?

Bilateral ankle edema and orthopnea

Decreased urinary output and dry mucous membranes

Tachycardia and elevated blood pressure only

Weight loss of 2-3 kg per day

13. What is the primary route of transmission for tuberculosis?

Airborne droplet nuclei from respiratory secretions

Contact with contaminated blood or body fluids

Ingestion of unpasteurized milk

Transplacental transmission from mother to fetus

14. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient with fever?

Apply warm blankets to increase body temperature

Administer antipyretics and promote fluid intake

Restrict fluids to prevent dehydration

Keep the patient in a warm, closed environment

15. What is the significance of the Glasgow Coma Scale in neurological assessment?

Measures pain severity on a 1-10 scale

Evaluates level of consciousness and neurological status

Assesses muscle strength and motor function only

Determines the need for surgical intervention