CKD Quiz: Do You Know the Stages, Labs & Care?

1. Which of the following best defines chronic kidney disease?

Kidney function loss over weeks with rapid symptom onset

Abnormalities in kidney structure or function lasting >3 months

A temporary decline in glomerular filtration rate

Irreversible kidney damage occurring only in diabetic patients

2. CKD Stage 3a is characterized by a GFR of:

90–120 mL/min/1.73m²

60–89 mL/min/1.73m²

45–59 mL/min/1.73m²

30–44 mL/min/1.73m²

3. Which laboratory marker is most specific for early glomerular damage in CKD?

Serum creatinine alone

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio

Blood pressure

Hemoglobin concentration

4. Serum creatinine levels are influenced by all of the following EXCEPT:

Muscle mass and age

Sex and diet composition

Kidney filtration capacity

Ambient temperature and humidity

5. Which of the following is a primary goal in CKD management?

Increase glomerular filtration rate to normal levels

Slow progression of kidney disease and reduce cardiovascular risk

Eliminate all proteinuria within 6 months

Achieve immediate remission of underlying disease

6. An ACE inhibitor or ARB is recommended in CKD primarily to:

Increase glomerular filtration rate

Reduce intraglomerular pressure and proteinuria

Eliminate the need for dialysis

Lower serum potassium levels

7. Which of the following CKD stages typically requires referral to a nephrologist?

Stage 1 with normal kidney function

Stage 2 with mild GFR reduction

Stage 3b or higher, or rapid GFR decline

Only Stage 5 requiring dialysis

8. Hyperkalemia in CKD patients is primarily managed by:

Increasing sodium intake

Dietary potassium restriction and medications as needed

Immediate hemodialysis in all cases

Discontinuing all antihypertensive agents

9. Which electrolyte abnormality is most common in advanced CKD?

Hypercalcemia

Hypokalemia

Hyperphosphatemia

Hyponatremia

10. CKD-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) involves dysregulation of all of the following EXCEPT:

Phosphorus and calcium metabolism

Parathyroid hormone secretion

Vitamin D activation

Thyroid hormone production

11. Anemia in CKD is primarily caused by:

Decreased erythropoietin production

Excessive iron supplementation

Increased red blood cell lifespan

Reduced dietary protein intake

12. Which medication class is contraindicated in CKD patients with hyperkalemia?

Diuretics

ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Beta-blockers

Calcium channel blockers

13. The KDIGO guidelines recommend blood pressure targets in CKD to be:

>150/90 mmHg to maintain kidney perfusion

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