Quiz 2 Invertebrates Part A & Gymnosperms

Platyhelminthes is the correct answer because it is a phylum that includes parasitic species such as tapeworms and flukes. Cnidaria, Porifera, and Ctenophora do not typically include parasitic species.

Eumetazoa are animals with multiple types of tissues, distinguishing them from their simpler counterparts which lack true tissues.

Ferns are vascular plants that produce flagellated sperm and have a sporophyte-dominated life cycle. Mosses, liverworts, and charophytes do not fit all the criteria mentioned in the question.

The alternation of multicellular generations, or alternation of generations, is a unique characteristic of plants and is absent in their closest relatives, the charophyte algae. Charophyte algae do not have a distinct alternation of generations like plants do.

Charophytes being the closest algal relatives of plants is supported by various pieces of evidence such as similarities in sperm structure, similarities in cell wall formation during cell division, and genetic similarities in chloroplasts. However, the shape of chloroplasts does not serve as evidence in this context.

The classes Anthozoa, Hydrozoa, and Scyphozoa belong to the phylum Cnidaria, which includes animals such as jellyfish, sea anemones, and coral. Platyhelminthes belong to the phylum of flatworms, Porifera to sponges, and Arthropoda to animals with jointed legs such as insects and arachnids.

Sponges are unique among animals in that they lack true tissues, unlike other animals that have specialized cells organized into tissues and organs.

The correct answer is 'Females could only produce one archegonium' because archegonia are the female reproductive structures in mosses, and the number produced is not dependent on the efficiency of the conducting system for water and material transport. The other incorrect statements are related to potential consequences of the evolution of an efficient conducting system in mosses.

Sea urchins belong to the Echinodermata phylum, which is most closely related to chordates, the phylum to which humans belong. The other options, such as sponges, comb jellies, and jellyfish, belong to different invertebrate phyla that are not as closely related to humans.

Meiosis in plants results in the formation of haploid spores, not haploid sporophytes or gametes, and definitely not diploid gametes.

Bilateral symmetry is thought to have played a significant role in the development of complex sensory organs and nervous systems in organisms, making the correct answer True.

The coelom is a fluid-filled body cavity that provides body support and cushioning for organs. It is not a type of jellyfish, a primitive sensory organ on the "head" of flatworms, or a gastrointestinal tract present in all embryonic animals.

Comb Jellies appropriate stinging cells from the creatures they consume for their own use, not light sensing organs, adhesive cells, or cilia.

Coral reefs rely on dinoflagellates, a type of algae, for their survival. These dinoflagellates live within the coral tissues, providing essential nutrients through photosynthesis. Without them, coral reefs would struggle to thrive and may not exist in the same way we know them today.

In the life cycle of plants, the diploid generation is known as the sporophyte, which produces spores through meiosis. Spores are haploid structures that develop into the gametophyte generation, where gametes like sperm are produced through mitosis.

The terms Aceolomate, Pseudoceolomate, and Coelomate all specifically pertain to the presence, absence, and condition of a body cavity that separates the gut from the body wall. They are classifications based on the anatomical structure of certain animals in relation to the presence of this body cavity.

In protostomes, the blastopore develops into the mouth, which is a characteristic feature. Out of the options provided, a jellyfish is a protostome as it exhibits this developmental feature.

Microphylls are a type of leaf found in lycophytes, which are a group of vascular plants that includes clubmosses and quillworts. Mosses, liverworts, and ferns do not have microphylls as their leaves differ in structure and development.