Anatomy of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot: Muscles and Movements Quiz

1. What are the attachments of the tibialis anterior?

Medial tibia to calcaneus.

Lateral fibula to 5th metatarsal.

Lateral tibia to medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

Lateral tibia to 3rd metatarsal.

The tibialis anterior attaches from the lateral tibia to the medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal, not to the lateral fibula, 5th metatarsal, medial tibia or the calcaneus which are incorrect attachments for this muscle.

Explanation

The tibialis anterior attaches from the lateral tibia to the medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal, not to the lateral fibula, 5th metatarsal, medial tibia or the calcaneus which are incorrect attachments for this muscle.

2. What are the actions of the peroneus longus muscle?

Plantar flexion and eversion of foot

Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

Extension and flexion of foot

Adduction and supination of foot

The peroneus longus muscle is responsible for plantar flexion and eversion of the foot. It helps in stabilizing the ankle and supporting the arch of the foot during walking and running.

Explanation

The peroneus longus muscle is responsible for plantar flexion and eversion of the foot. It helps in stabilizing the ankle and supporting the arch of the foot during walking and running.

3. What are the attachments of the peroneus longus?

Superior lateral portion of fibula to talus and cuboid bone.

Posterior aspect of femur to calcaneus and navicular bone.

Superior lateral portion of fibula to 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Inferior medial portion of tibia to 5th metatarsal and lateral cuneiform.

The correct attachment of the peroneus longus is from the superior lateral portion of the fibula to the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform bones.

Explanation

The correct attachment of the peroneus longus is from the superior lateral portion of the fibula to the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform bones.

4. What are the movements of the peroneus brevis?

Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot.

Plantar flexion and eversion of foot

Plantar flexion and inversion of foot.

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot.

The peroneus brevis muscle is responsible for plantar flexion and eversion of the foot, not dorsiflexion or inversion.

Explanation

The peroneus brevis muscle is responsible for plantar flexion and eversion of the foot, not dorsiflexion or inversion.

5. What are the attachments of the peroneus brevis?

Medial tibia to base of big toe.

Lateral fibula to base of 5th metatarsal

Posterior femur to heel bone.

Anterior fibula to ankle joint.

The peroneus brevis muscle attaches from the lateral fibula to the base of the 5th metatarsal. The other provided options do not correctly describe the attachments of the peroneus brevis.

Explanation

The peroneus brevis muscle attaches from the lateral fibula to the base of the 5th metatarsal. The other provided options do not correctly describe the attachments of the peroneus brevis.

6. What are the movements of the gastrocnemius?

Dorsiflexion of foot, extension of knee

Plantar flexion of foot, flexion of knee

Adduction of foot, abduction of knee

Rotation of foot, hyperextension of knee

The gastrocnemius muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the knee, allowing for movements like pointing the toes downward and bending the knee.

Explanation

The gastrocnemius muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the knee, allowing for movements like pointing the toes downward and bending the knee.

7. What are the movements of the tibialis anterior?

Adduction of hip and extension of knee

Plantarflexion and eversion of foot

Abduction and flexion of shoulder

Dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

The tibialis anterior muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion (lifting the foot upwards) and inversion (turning the sole of the foot inwards) of the foot.

Explanation

The tibialis anterior muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion (lifting the foot upwards) and inversion (turning the sole of the foot inwards) of the foot.

8. What are the movements of the extensor digitorum longus?

Flexion of toes, plantarflexion of ankle

Extend toes 2-5, dorsiflexion of ankle

Rotation of toes, eversion of ankle

Abduction of toes, inversion of ankle

The extensor digitorum longus is responsible for extending toes 2-5 and dorsiflexing the ankle. The incorrect answers provided involve different movements that are not attributed to the extensor digitorum longus muscle.

Explanation

The extensor digitorum longus is responsible for extending toes 2-5 and dorsiflexing the ankle. The incorrect answers provided involve different movements that are not attributed to the extensor digitorum longus muscle.

9. What are the attachments of the extensor digitorum longus?

Lateral tibia, posterior fibula, and superior 1/4 of interosseous membrane to lateral 4 digits

Lateral tibia, anterior fibula, and superior 3/4 of interosseous membrane to lateral 4 digits

Medial tibia, posterior fibula, and inferior 1/4 of interosseous membrane to lateral 3 digits

Lateral tibia, anterior fibula, and superior 3/4 of interosseous membrane to medial 4 digits

The extensor digitorum longus attaches to the lateral tibia, anterior fibula, and superior 3/4 of the interosseous membrane to the lateral 4 digits to facilitate extension of those digits.

Explanation

The extensor digitorum longus attaches to the lateral tibia, anterior fibula, and superior 3/4 of the interosseous membrane to the lateral 4 digits to facilitate extension of those digits.

10. What are the movements of the extensor halluces longus?

B. Rotation of big toe, assist in pronation and supination.

Extension of big toe, assist in dorsiflexion and inversion/eversion

A. Flexion of big toe, assist in plantar flexion and abduction/adduction.

C. Flexion of big toe, assist in dorsiflexion and eversion.

The extensor halluces longus is responsible for extension of the big toe, as well as assisting in dorsiflexion and inversion/eversion of the foot.

Explanation

The extensor halluces longus is responsible for extension of the big toe, as well as assisting in dorsiflexion and inversion/eversion of the foot.

11. What are the movements of the peroneus tertius?

Adduction and abduction of foot.

Flexion and extension of foot.

Plantarflexion and inversion of foot.

Dorsiflexion and eversion of foot

The peroneus tertius muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot. The incorrect answers do not accurately describe the movements associated with this particular muscle.

Explanation

The peroneus tertius muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot. The incorrect answers do not accurately describe the movements associated with this particular muscle.

12. What are the attachments of the gastrocnemius?

Lateral condyle of tibia and medial condyle of tibia to posterior of calcaneus.

Lateral condyle of tibia and medial condyle of tibia to anterior of calcaneus.

Lateral condyle of femur and medial condyle of femur to anterior of calcaneus.

Lateral condyle of femur and medial condyle of femur to posterior of calcaneus

The gastrocnemius muscle attaches to the lateral condyle of the femur and medial condyle of the femur, not the tibia, and its insertion point is at the posterior of the calcaneus, not the anterior.

Explanation

The gastrocnemius muscle attaches to the lateral condyle of the femur and medial condyle of the femur, not the tibia, and its insertion point is at the posterior of the calcaneus, not the anterior.

13. What are the movements of the soleus?

Dorsiflexion of foot

Abduction of foot

Plantar flexion of foot

Inversion of foot

The soleus muscle is primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot, which is the movement of pointing the toes downward.

Explanation

The soleus muscle is primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot, which is the movement of pointing the toes downward.