Fundamentals of Microbiology Lab Skills Assessment

1. What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Eukaryotes are very small single-celled organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus.

Prokaryotes are large multicellular organisms with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Prokaryotes are very small multicellular organisms that lack a nucleus but have membrane-bound organelles.

2. When is an infection said to have occurred?

An infection occurs when a person is exposed to germs, regardless of whether they multiply or cause harm.

An infection occurs when microbes breach the surface but do not enter body tissues.

An infection occurs only if the person experiences symptoms.

Infection occurs when microbes breach the surface, enter body tissues, and multiply, leading to noticeable impairment of body function.

Explanation

Infection occurs when microbes breach the surface, enter body tissues, and multiply, leading to noticeable impairment of body function.

3. What are the three types of flora?

B. Flora that exclusively thrives in aquatic environments

A. Flora that only grows in tropical climates

C. Flora that is only found in deserts

Flora refers to the plants of a particular region or period, while in this context, the question is referring to the types of microorganism flora found on the body surfaces. The correct answer provides the three categories of microorganism flora commonly referred to in medical contexts.

Explanation

Flora refers to the plants of a particular region or period, while in this context, the question is referring to the types of microorganism flora found on the body surfaces. The correct answer provides the three categories of microorganism flora commonly referred to in medical contexts.

4. What are some examples of beneficial functions bacteria perform?

2- they contribute to global warming by releasing excess carbon dioxide.

3- they spread diseases and infections to both humans and animals.

1- they contaminate food and cause food poisoning.

Bacteria can have both beneficial and harmful effects on various aspects of life.

Explanation

Bacteria can have both beneficial and harmful effects on various aspects of life.

5. What are viruses?

Fungi

Single-celled organisms

Multi-cellular organisms

Viruses are acellular infectious agents that are much smaller in size compared to cells. They consist of genetic material enclosed in a protein coat and may have enzymes and an envelope. Unlike single-celled or multi-cellular organisms, viruses do not have their own metabolic machinery and rely on host cells for replication.

Explanation

Viruses are acellular infectious agents that are much smaller in size compared to cells. They consist of genetic material enclosed in a protein coat and may have enzymes and an envelope. Unlike single-celled or multi-cellular organisms, viruses do not have their own metabolic machinery and rely on host cells for replication.