Veterinary Virology and Disease Management Quiz

Foot and Mouth Disease in animals is caused by Picornavirus and Apthovirus, not Coronavirus, Rhinovirus, or Parvovirus.

Vesicular stomatitis is caused by Rhabdoviridae - Vesiculovirus, specifically transmitted through saliva and fluid vesicles from arthropods. It mainly affects horses, cows, pigs, and small mammals according to OIE.

Vesicular exanthema of swine is caused by Caliciviridae - calicivirus, specifically calicivirus NOT ZOONOTIC. The other options listed are not the causative agents of this disease.

Herpesvirus is characterized as an enveloped DNA virus that can cause latent infections in the respiratory, reproductive, and nervous systems. It is known for the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies, with different types (Alpha, Beta, Gamma) having varying characteristics and effects on different cells.

Herpes virus replicates in tonsils - viraemia - goes to organs with lower temp (thats is why neonates are more susceptible).

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis is caused by Bovine Herpesvirus 1.1 (BoHV1.1), not the other listed pathogens.

Aujeszky disease is caused by Alphaherpesvirus affecting pigs primarily, with severe pruritus and CNS signs in carnivores and ruminants leading to death in 48 hours. The other options do not accurately describe Aujeszky disease.

Orthomyxoviruses primarily include influenza viruses, such as Influenza A, B, and C. Rhinovirus, Norovirus, and Hepatitis B virus are not classified as Orthomyxoviruses.

Reoviruses are a family of viruses that commonly infect mammals, birds, and arthropods. They are known to cause a variety of diseases ranging from diarrhoea in calves and lambs to synovitis and arthritis in mammals and birds. It is important to differentiate reoviruses from other types of viruses such as RNA viruses, ssDNA viruses, Paramyxovirus, and HIV which cause different diseases and infections.

Rabies is caused by Lyssavirus, which is a ssRNA virus belonging to the Rhabdoviridae family. The presence of intracytoplasmic Negri bodies is a hallmark feature of rabies infections. Unfortunately, rabies almost always leads to death if not properly treated.

The correct answer provides examples of coronaviruses that infect various animals and their associated symptoms, such as destruction of the small intestine in piglets, systemic intracellular infection in cats, small intestine damage in puppies, and respiratory symptoms in birds. The incorrect answers refer to other viruses and their associated symptoms, illustrating the variety of effects caused by different viral infections.

Arbovirus infections are those transmitted to humans primarily through the bites of infected arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks. These infections can cause a range of diseases, including encephalitis, fever, and other serious illnesses.

Hog cholera is also known as classical swine fever.

Papillomatosis in cattle is caused by the Papillomaviridae virus, specifically the papillomatosis virus. It leads to the formation of skin warts which usually regress due to immune response.

Prionoses are not caused by viruses, genetic disorders, or autoimmune diseases. The correct answer explains that prionoses are caused by infectious proteins called prions that replicate by converting normal cellular proteins into copies of prions, leading to various transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in animals and humans.

Calicivirus infections are caused by Vestivirus and Lagovirus genera, which are associated with various diseases in animals. The incorrect answers provided are related to other viral genera with different characteristic diseases.

Swine circovirus infections, specifically PCV-2, is a viral infection that affects multiple organ systems in pigs, not caused by bacteria. It is not limited to kidney involvement and is not transmitted through the blood.

Haemorrhagic fevers, such as Rift valley fever, are often transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or their biological fluids. Consuming contaminated water, mosquito bites, or sharing personal items are not common modes of transmission for these fevers.

Echinococcus granulosus, also known as cystic echinococcosis, is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus. It primarily affects dogs and other canines as definitive hosts, with herbivores serving as intermediate hosts. Treatment typically involves surgery for humans and long-term chemotherapy with drugs like mebendazole and albendazole.

Echinococcus granulosus is a parasite that causes the formation of cysts in various organs, leading to hydatid disease. The parasite does not cause Malaria, Influenza, or Cholera.

Salmonellosis is a bacterial infection caused by various serovars of Salmonella bacteria. These bacteria have different classifications based on lipopolysaccharide, flagellar protein, capsular antigen, and Vi characteristics. It is not caused by a virus, nor is it solely classified based on shape or size. Additionally, it can be transmitted through various routes, including contaminated food and direct contact with infected animals.

Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection caused by the Cryptosporidium parasite. It primarily affects mammals and birds, and is mainly waterborne. The disease is most severe in calves and transmission can occur through various modes. Treatment involves medications like paromycin, and diagnosis can be done through direct fecal smear, stained fecal smear, or ELISA testing. Preventative measures include boiling, disinfection, UV, and filtration methods as the parasite is resistant to chlorination.

Giardiosis is caused by a protozoan parasite within the phylum sarcomastigophora, specifically G. intestinalis/duodenalis/lamblia. It is important to differentiate between protozoa, bacteria, viruses, and fungi when identifying the causative agent of a disease.

The correct vector for Trypanosomosis - salivaria group is the Tse Tse fly (glossina sp.) which transmits the disease to humans and animals.

Trypanosomosis - stercoraria group is primarily transmitted through the feces of different bug stages, not through direct contact, contaminated water sources, or mosquito bites.