Fundamentals of Probability and Statistical Analysis Quiz

1. Leroy has a number cube with sides labeled 1 through 6. He tosses the number cube 4 times. Each toss results in a 5. What is the likelihood that the next toss will result in a 5?

1/3

1/2

1/4

The correct answer is 1/6 because there are 6 possible outcomes on the number cube and only 1 results in a 5. Each toss of the cube is an independent event, so the previous tosses do not affect the likelihood of getting a 5 on the next toss.

Explanation

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2. A banquet center offers a choice of 3 salads, 5 main courses and 4 desserts. How many different meals can be created by selecting one salad, one main course and one dessert?

The total number of different meals that can be created by selecting one salad, one main course, and one dessert is calculated by multiplying the number of choices for each category: 3 salads x 5 main courses x 4 desserts = 60 different meals.

Explanation

3. A store received a shipment of 64 boxes of crayons. The manager recorded how many boxes the store had left after each of 6 weeks. The data are shown in the scatterplot. The manager wants to predict how many boxes of crayons the store will have after the eighth week. Students can draw a line of best fit for the current data. The line should be as close to all the data points as possible. Assuming that the trend continues and using the line of best fit, students can now estimate that there will be about 24 boxes of crayons left after the eighth week.

The store will have more than 50 boxes of crayons left after the eighth week.

The store will run out of crayons before the eighth week.

The store will only have 10 boxes of crayons left after the eighth week.

By drawing a line of best fit for the data and extrapolating to the eighth week, it is estimated that there will be about 24 boxes of crayons left. This prediction is based on the trend shown in the scatterplot.

Explanation