Adv Bio M11l2

A closed circulatory system means that blood is contained within a network of blood vessels and does not flow freely throughout the body.

An open circulatory system is a type of circulatory system where the blood is not enclosed entirely within vessels at all times, as seen in closed circulatory systems. Instead, the blood is pumped into open spaces surrounding the tissues where it comes into direct contact with them. This allows for more direct exchange of nutrients and wastes between the blood and tissues.

Capillaries are specifically designed for the exchange of gases and nutrients due to their thin walls and small size, making them different from the incorrect options provided.

Veins are blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart, while arteries carry blood away from the heart. Veins have valves to prevent backflow of blood, which helps push blood towards the heart. Veins are a crucial part of the circulatory system.

Pulmonary circulation specifically refers to the flow of blood to and from the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide. The correct answer highlights the unique nature of blood circulation in the lungs.

Systemic circulation refers to the movement of blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs, and back to the heart.

Deoxygenated blood refers to blood that has very little oxygen in it, usually because the oxygen has been used up by the body's tissues.

Oxygenated blood refers to blood that is rich in oxygen and is typically red in color. It is carried by arteries throughout the body to supply oxygen to the tissues and organs.

The heart has four chambers: two atria (upper chambers) and two ventricles (lower chambers). The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs. The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs, while the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body.

Auricles are specific to the heart anatomy, referring to the flap-like extensions found on the right and left atria.

The inferior vena cava specifically brings blood from the lower body tissues back to the heart, assisting in the circulation of blood throughout the body.

Pulmonary veins specifically bring oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart for circulation.

The pulmonary trunk specifically carries blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation before returning to the heart.

The aorta is the main artery in the human body that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body tissues. It plays a crucial role in distributing blood throughout the body.

The correct answer is the tricuspid valve, as it is the valve that separates the right atrium from the right ventricle. The pulmonary valve, mitral valve, and aortic valve are not directly involved in the connection between the right atrium and right ventricle.

The left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the four pulmonary veins returning from the lungs.

The left ventricle is separated from the left atrium by the left atrioventricular valve, also known as the bicuspid valve or the mitral valve. The aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta, the tricuspid valve separates the right atrium from the right ventricle, and the pulmonary valve separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery.

The left atrioventricular valve allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle during the cardiac cycle, enabling efficient circulation within the cardiovascular system.

The left ventricle is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body, which is done through the aorta. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, the inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium, and the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the right ventricle.

The interventricular septum is a thick wall of muscle that separates the two ventricles of the heart, ensuring that oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle does not mix with oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle.

The semilunar valves (specifically the aortic and pulmonary valves) are located between the ventricles and the aorta/pulmonary trunk, preventing backflow of blood into the ventricles.

Semilunar valves are specifically characterized by having three cusps, not four, two, or one. These cusps are half-moon shaped and meet in the center of the vessel to regulate blood flow.

In pulmonary circulation, the pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. Once oxygenated, the blood is carried back to the heart by the pulmonary veins. This oxygenated blood then gets pumped out to the rest of the body by the systemic circulation.

The atriums of the heart contract at the same time to push blood into the ventricles.