Atomic Masses and Isotope Data Quiz

The atomic mass of an atom is determined by the sum of its protons and neutrons. In this case, the atom has 6 protons and 8 neutrons, so the atomic mass is 6 + 8 = 14.

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. Protons are positively charged subatomic particles that determine the element's identity. Neutrons have no charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neither of them contribute to the atomic number. Therefore, the correct answer is proton.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different atomic masses. Isotopes have the same number of protons and electrons, but they differ in the number of neutrons in their nucleus. This difference in the number of neutrons leads to variations in the atomic mass of isotopes. Therefore, the correct answer is different atomic masses.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Therefore, isotopes do not have an equal number of neutrons or an equal number of both neutrons and protons. The correct answer is that isotopes have an equal number of protons.

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons, which determines their chemical properties. However, they have a different number of neutrons, which affects their physical properties such as mass and stability. Therefore, isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties but different physical properties.

Atomic mass is expressed as a multiple of 1/12th the mass of Carbon-12 atom. This is because Carbon-12 atom is chosen as the standard for atomic mass calculations. The atomic mass of an element is determined by comparing it to the mass of Carbon-12 atom, which is assigned a mass of exactly 12 atomic mass units (amu). Therefore, all other atomic masses are expressed relative to Carbon-12 atom.

Radioisotopes are isotopes that are unstable and can emit subatomic particles, such as alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays, in order to reach a more stable state. These emitted particles are a result of the radioactive decay process, which occurs spontaneously. Radioisotopes are commonly used in various fields, including medicine, industry, and research, for purposes such as medical imaging, cancer treatment, and dating archaeological artifacts. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is "Radioisotopes."

The given answer, "All of the above," is correct because it accurately reflects the statements provided. The first statement states that different atoms of a given element have the same number of protons, which is true as the number of protons defines the element. The second statement mentions that the number of neutrons for a given element can vary, which is also true as isotopes of an element have different numbers of neutrons. The third statement states that some isotopes are unstable, which is true as certain isotopes undergo radioactive decay.

Hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes: protium, deuterium, and tritium. Protium is the most common and does not contain any neutrons, deuterium has one neutron, and tritium has two neutrons. These isotopes have different atomic masses but the same atomic number, which is why they are all considered to be hydrogen.

Tritium is the isotope of hydrogen with two neutrons. It is a radioactive isotope and has a mass number of 3. Deuterium, on the other hand, is the isotope of hydrogen with one neutron and is stable. Protrium and Isotrium are not valid isotopes of hydrogen and do not exist. Thus, the correct answer is Tritium.