Atmosfera – Test Powtórkowy

Azot stanowi około 78% objętości powietrza. Powietrze składa się przede wszystkim z azotu (78%) i tlenu (około 21%). Pozostałe gazy, takie jak argon, dwutlenek węgla i inne, stanowią tylko niewielki procent.

The missing layer in the given sequence is the stratosphere. The atmosphere is composed of several layers, each with distinct characteristics. The stratosphere is located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. It is known for containing the ozone layer, which plays a crucial role in absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The stratosphere also exhibits a temperature inversion, where temperature increases with altitude due to the presence of ozone.

Halny is the correct answer for the name of the wind occurring in the Tatras in Poland. Halny is a föhn wind that occurs in mountainous regions, including the Tatras. It is a warm and dry wind that descends down the leeward side of the mountains, causing rapid temperature increases and often leading to changes in weather conditions. The term "wiatr halny" and "halniak" are also used to refer to this specific wind phenomenon in the Polish language.

The correct answer is "z wyżu do niżu" because it means "the wind blows from high pressure to low pressure." In meteorology, wind flows from areas of higher atmospheric pressure to areas of lower atmospheric pressure. This movement occurs due to the difference in air density, with air moving from areas of higher density to areas of lower density. Therefore, the wind always blows from a high-pressure system (wyż) to a low-pressure system (niż).

Najniższa zanotowana temperatura -89,6 st. C

The temperature decreases by 0.6°C for every 100 meters of altitude. Since the difference in altitude between the two locations is 500 meters (2000m - 1500m), the temperature difference would be 0.6°C x 5 = 3°C. Since the temperature in location X is 3.5°C, subtracting the temperature difference of 3°C from it would give us the temperature in location Y, which is 0.5°C.

The correct answer is "nasłonecznienia" which translates to "sunshine" in English. This suggests that the Heliograf is a device used to measure the amount of sunlight or sunshine.

The constant wind blowing from the tropics towards the equator is known as the trade wind. This wind is called "pasat" in Polish. It is a prevailing wind that blows from east to west in the tropics, between the latitudes of 30 degrees north and south of the equator. The trade winds are caused by the rotation of the Earth and the difference in temperature between the equator and the poles. They play a significant role in shaping global weather patterns and are important for sailing and navigation.

Chmury deszczowe to chmury typu nimbus. Nimbus to rodzaj chmur charakteryzujących się obecnością opadów atmosferycznych, takich jak deszcz, śnieg czy grad. Chmury tego typu są zazwyczaj grube i ciemne, a ich obecność często wskazuje na zbliżające się opady. Chmury cirrus to chmury wysokie, przeważnie w postaci włókien lub kłaczków. Chmury cumulus to zaś białe, puszyste chmury o wyraźnie zdefiniowanych kształtach.

Ośnieżone góry mają najwyższy współczynnik albedo, ponieważ śnieg jest bardzo jasny i odbija większość promieniowania słonecznego, co sprawia, że ma wysoką zdolność odbijania.

Skroplenie pary wodnej to proces, w którym para wodna, która jest w postaci gazu, zostaje zmieniona w ciecz. Jest to wynikiem obniżenia temperatury pary, co powoduje, że cząsteczki pary gromadzą się i tworzą kropelki wody. Ten proces nazywany jest kondensacją.

The correct answer is "zatoka niskiego ciśnienia" because it directly translates to "low-pressure zone" in English. In the given question, it is mentioned that the low-pressure zone is pressed into the high-pressure zone, indicating that the low-pressure zone is being squeezed or pushed into the high-pressure zone. Hence, the correct answer is "zatoka niskiego ciśnienia" which means "low-pressure zone."

The correct answer is Australia because the question asks about the tropical cyclone named willy-willy, and willy-willy is a term used in Australia to refer to a tropical cyclone. Therefore, it can be inferred that the willy-willy tropical cyclone occurs in Australia.

At the base of the mountain, the pressure is given as 1000 hPa. Since the pressure decreases by 12.5 hPa for every 100 meters of height, we can calculate the pressure at the top of the mountain (3450 m above sea level) by multiplying the decrease rate by the number of 100-meter increments.

3450 m / 100 m = 34.5 increments
34.5 increments * 12.5 hPa/increment = 431.25 hPa

Subtracting this decrease from the base pressure:
1000 hPa - 431.25 hPa = 568.75 hPa

Therefore, the atmospheric pressure at the top of the mountain is approximately 568.75 hPa.

The correct answer is argon and helium. These two gases, argon and helium, are considered constant components of the air. While carbon dioxide (dwutlenek węgla) and ozone are present in the atmosphere, their concentrations can vary depending on various factors such as location and human activities. However, argon and helium remain relatively stable in their proportions and are considered to be constant components of the air.

The given correct answer is "mezosfera". The mezosfera is the layer of the Earth's atmosphere located above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. In this region, vertical movements of air occur, and clouds composed of ice crystals, known as noctilucent clouds or "obłoki świecące" in Polish, are formed. These clouds can sometimes emit a faint glow, hence the name "świecące" which means "shining" or "glowing" in Polish.