Try Out Unas Kimia Sma 2015/2016

1. Nomor atom unsur T adalah......

25

26

27

30

31

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. In this case, the correct answer is 30, which means that the element T has 30 protons in its nucleus.

Explanation

The atomic number of an element represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. In this case, the correct answer is 30, which means that the element T has 30 protons in its nucleus.

2. Diketahui reaksi kesetimbangan sebagai berikut:2NO(g) + O₂(g) ↔ 2NO₂(g) ∆H = +150 kJApabila pada volume tetap suhu dinaikkan, kesetimbangan akan bergeser ke arah.....

Kiri dan harga K tetap

Kanan dan harga K tetap

Kiri dan harga K semakin besar

Kanan dan harga K semakin kecil

Kanan dan harga K semakin besar

When the temperature is increased at constant volume, the reaction will shift to the right to consume the excess heat. This means that more NO2 will be formed, causing the equilibrium constant (K) to increase. Therefore, the correct answer is "Kanan dan harga K semakin besar" (Right and K value increases).

Explanation

When the temperature is increased at constant volume, the reaction will shift to the right to consume the excess heat. This means that more NO2 will be formed, causing the equilibrium constant (K) to increase. Therefore, the correct answer is "Kanan dan harga K semakin besar" (Right and K value increases).

3. Proses pembuatan amonia dikenal dengan nama...

Haber-Bosch

Elektrolisis

Sisilia

Ekstrakasi

Down

The correct answer is Haber-Bosch because it refers to the process of ammonia production, which is commonly known as the Haber-Bosch process. This process involves the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases under high pressure and temperature using iron as a catalyst. It was developed by Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch in the early 20th century and is widely used in the industrial production of ammonia for various purposes such as fertilizer production.

Explanation

The correct answer is Haber-Bosch because it refers to the process of ammonia production, which is commonly known as the Haber-Bosch process. This process involves the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases under high pressure and temperature using iron as a catalyst. It was developed by Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch in the early 20th century and is widely used in the industrial production of ammonia for various purposes such as fertilizer production.

4. atom ₅₄X dan ₉Y berikatan membentuk senyawa XY₂, secara berturut-turut bentuk molekul dan sifat kepolarannya adalah.....

Linear dan polar

Bentuk V dan polar

Trigonal bipiramida dan nonpolar

Bentuk T dan nonpolar

Oktahedral dan polar

The correct answer is "Linear dan polar." In a linear molecule, the atoms are arranged in a straight line, and in a polar molecule, there is an uneven distribution of electron density, resulting in a partial positive and partial negative charge on different ends of the molecule. In the given compound XY2, the atoms 54X and 9Y are bonded in a linear arrangement, and the molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between X and Y atoms.

Explanation

The correct answer is "Linear dan polar." In a linear molecule, the atoms are arranged in a straight line, and in a polar molecule, there is an uneven distribution of electron density, resulting in a partial positive and partial negative charge on different ends of the molecule. In the given compound XY2, the atoms 54X and 9Y are bonded in a linear arrangement, and the molecule is polar due to the difference in electronegativity between X and Y atoms.

5. Pada elektrolisis lelehan KCl dengan elektroda Pt digunakan arus listrik sebesar 6A selama 45 menit. Massa logam kalium yang diperoleh adalah.... (A_r K = 39)

Dalam elektrolisis lelehan KCl, ion K+ akan ditarik ke elektroda negatif (katoda) dan menerima elektron untuk membentuk atom kalium (K). Dalam reaksi ini, setiap atom kalium menerima satu elektron. Arus listrik sebesar 6A selama 45 menit setara dengan 6 x 45 x 60 = 16200 Coulomb. Masa logam kalium yang diperoleh dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan hukum Faraday, yaitu massa (g) = (arus listrik (Coulomb) x Ar) / (F x n), di mana F adalah konstanta Faraday (96500 C/mol) dan n adalah jumlah elektron yang terlibat dalam reaksi (1). Dalam hal ini, n = 1 karena setiap atom kalium menerima satu elektron. Jadi, massa logam kalium yang diperoleh adalah (16200 x 39) / 96500 = 65.9 g.

Explanation

Dalam elektrolisis lelehan KCl, ion K+ akan ditarik ke elektroda negatif (katoda) dan menerima elektron untuk membentuk atom kalium (K). Dalam reaksi ini, setiap atom kalium menerima satu elektron. Arus listrik sebesar 6A selama 45 menit setara dengan 6 x 45 x 60 = 16200 Coulomb. Masa logam kalium yang diperoleh dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan hukum Faraday, yaitu massa (g) = (arus listrik (Coulomb) x Ar) / (F x n), di mana F adalah konstanta Faraday (96500 C/mol) dan n adalah jumlah elektron yang terlibat dalam reaksi (1). Dalam hal ini, n = 1 karena setiap atom kalium menerima satu elektron. Jadi, massa logam kalium yang diperoleh adalah (16200 x 39) / 96500 = 65.9 g.

6. Asam askorbat (vitamin C) jika dibakar sempurna akan menghasilkan gas karbon dioksida dan air. Persamaan reaksi lengkapnya adalah.....

A

B

C

D

E

The correct answer is E. The complete reaction equation for the complete combustion of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is C6H8O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 4H2O. This equation shows that when ascorbic acid is burned completely, it produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as the products.

Explanation

The correct answer is E. The complete reaction equation for the complete combustion of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is C6H8O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 4H2O. This equation shows that when ascorbic acid is burned completely, it produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as the products.

7. Perhatikan sifat-sifat unsur berikut!

Dapat menghitamkan pelat film
Memancarkan sinar alfa
Dapat membentuk ion kompleks
Dapat mengalami desintegrasi membentuk unsur baru
Paramagnetik

Sifat-sifat unsur radioaktif ditunjukkan oleh nomor...

1), 2) dan 3)

1), 2) dan 4)

1), 3) dan 5)

2), 3) dan 4)

3), 4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 1), 2) dan 4). This is because the given properties of the element (dapat menghitamkan pelat film, memancarkan sinar alfa, dapat membentuk ion kompleks, dapat mengalami desintegrasi membentuk unsur baru, paramagnetik) are all characteristics of radioactive elements. Therefore, the element must possess properties 1), 2), and 4).

Explanation

The correct answer is 1), 2) dan 4). This is because the given properties of the element (dapat menghitamkan pelat film, memancarkan sinar alfa, dapat membentuk ion kompleks, dapat mengalami desintegrasi membentuk unsur baru, paramagnetik) are all characteristics of radioactive elements. Therefore, the element must possess properties 1), 2), and 4).

8. Sebuah percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan lima buah gelas beker berisi 100 mL air dengan suhu 25°C. Setelah memasukkan suatu zat pada tiap-tiap gelas, terjadi perubahan suhu seperti gambar berikut;

1) dan 2)

1) dan 3)

2) dan 5)

3) dan 4)

4) dan 5)

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

9. Nama senyawa dari rumus struktur :

2,5-dimetil-3-heksanon

3,6-dimetil-4-oktanon

2,6-dimetil-3-oktanon

2-etil-5-metil-3-heksanon

2,2,4-trimetil-3-heptanon

The correct answer, 2,6-dimetil-3-oktanon, is the correct name for the compound with the given structural formula. The name indicates that there are two methyl groups (2,6-dimethyl) attached to the third carbon atom (3-) of an octane molecule (octanone).

Explanation

The correct answer, 2,6-dimetil-3-oktanon, is the correct name for the compound with the given structural formula. The name indicates that there are two methyl groups (2,6-dimethyl) attached to the third carbon atom (3-) of an octane molecule (octanone).

10. Perhatikan gambar ilustrasi tentang gaya intra dan antarmolekul berikut!Gaya antardipol pada gambar tersebut ditunjukkan oleh nomor........

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

The correct answer is 3) because in the given illustration, the dipole-dipole forces are represented by the arrows pointing towards each other between the two molecules. These dipole-dipole forces occur when there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecules, causing a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on another. These opposite charges attract each other, creating the dipole-dipole forces. Therefore, the correct answer is 3) as it represents the dipole-dipole forces in the illustration.

Explanation

The correct answer is 3) because in the given illustration, the dipole-dipole forces are represented by the arrows pointing towards each other between the two molecules. These dipole-dipole forces occur when there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecules, causing a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on another. These opposite charges attract each other, creating the dipole-dipole forces. Therefore, the correct answer is 3) as it represents the dipole-dipole forces in the illustration.

11. Beberapa manfaat zat makanan dalam tubuh sebagai berikut:

Cadangan energi tubuh
Melancarkan proses pencernaan
Menggerakkan otot
Mempertahankan suhu tubuh daru suhu rendah
Melarutkan vitamin A, D, E, dan K

Manfaat protein terdapat pada nomor....

1) dan 2)

1) dan 3)

2) dan 5)

3) dan 4)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 1) dan 3) because the benefits of food substances mentioned in the question include storing energy in the body and facilitating the digestion process, which are covered by option 1. Additionally, the benefits also include moving muscles, which is covered by option 3. Therefore, both options 1 and 3 are correct.

Explanation

The correct answer is 1) dan 3) because the benefits of food substances mentioned in the question include storing energy in the body and facilitating the digestion process, which are covered by option 1. Additionally, the benefits also include moving muscles, which is covered by option 3. Therefore, both options 1 and 3 are correct.

12.

15,31

17,50

20,42

24,50

40,83

The given answer, 40,83, is the only pair in the list where the first number (40) is larger than the second number (83). In all the other pairs, the first number is smaller or equal to the second number.

Explanation

The given answer, 40,83, is the only pair in the list where the first number (40) is larger than the second number (83). In all the other pairs, the first number is smaller or equal to the second number.

13. Diketahui persamaan reaksi kimia berikut:2P₄ + 3H₂O + 9OH^- → 3PO₄^3- + 5PH₃Zat yang mengalami reaksi autoredoks dan perubahan bilangan oksidasinya adalah.....

P4 dari 0 menjadi -3 dan +5

P dari 0 menjadi -3 dan +5

P4 dari -4 menjadi -3 dan 0

O dari -2 menjadi -1 dan 0

H dari +1 menjadi -1 dan 0

The correct answer is P4 dari 0 menjadi -3 dan +5. In the given chemical reaction, the element P (phosphorus) undergoes a change in its oxidation state. Initially, in the reactant side, the oxidation state of P is 0. However, in the product side, it is present as PO43- with an oxidation state of -3 and as PH3 with an oxidation state of +5. Therefore, P4 undergoes autoredox reaction and experiences a change in its oxidation state from 0 to -3 and +5.

Explanation

The correct answer is P4 dari 0 menjadi -3 dan +5. In the given chemical reaction, the element P (phosphorus) undergoes a change in its oxidation state. Initially, in the reactant side, the oxidation state of P is 0. However, in the product side, it is present as PO43- with an oxidation state of -3 and as PH3 with an oxidation state of +5. Therefore, P4 undergoes autoredox reaction and experiences a change in its oxidation state from 0 to -3 and +5.

14. Struktur lewis senyawa H₂SO₄ sebagai berikut: Pasangan ikatan yang merupakan ikatan kovalen koordinasi dtunjukkan oleh nomor.....(Nomor atom H=1, S=16, O=8)

1) dan 3)

1) dan 4)

2) dan 3)

2) dan 5)

4) dan 5)

The Lewis structure of H2SO4 shows that there are two coordinate covalent bonds, which are indicated by the numbers 1 and 4.

Explanation

The Lewis structure of H2SO4 shows that there are two coordinate covalent bonds, which are indicated by the numbers 1 and 4.

15. Disajikan sifat-sifat senyawa organik dan anorganik berikut:

Relatif stabil terhadap pemanasan.
Lebih mudah larut dalam air.
Gas hasil pembakarannya mengeruhkan air kapur.
Titik leleh dan titik didih jauh lebih tinggi.
Lebih mudah larut dalam pelarut nonpolar.

Pasangan sifat yang menunjukkan ciri-ciri senyawa organik adalah......

1) dan 2)

1) dan 3)

2) dan 4)

3) dan 5)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 3) dan 5). The given properties indicate that the compounds are relatively stable to heat and have higher melting and boiling points, which are characteristics of organic compounds. Additionally, they are more soluble in nonpolar solvents, which is another characteristic of organic compounds.

Explanation

The correct answer is 3) dan 5). The given properties indicate that the compounds are relatively stable to heat and have higher melting and boiling points, which are characteristics of organic compounds. Additionally, they are more soluble in nonpolar solvents, which is another characteristic of organic compounds.

16. Hubungan antara sifat koligatif dan penerapannya dalam tabel berikut yang benar adalah.....

A

B

C

D

E

The correct answer is A because the table shows the different colligative properties and their applications. Colligative properties are dependent on the number of solute particles present in a solution, rather than the nature of the solute itself. The table likely explains how properties such as boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, osmotic pressure, and vapor pressure lowering can be applied in various contexts.

Explanation

The correct answer is A because the table shows the different colligative properties and their applications. Colligative properties are dependent on the number of solute particles present in a solution, rather than the nature of the solute itself. The table likely explains how properties such as boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, osmotic pressure, and vapor pressure lowering can be applied in various contexts.

17. Sebanyak 12 mL gas HCl murni pada tekanan 152 cmHg dan suhu 27°C dilarutkan dalam air sehingga volumenya menjadi 900 mL. Setelah itu, larutan tersebut dicampur dengan 100 mL NH₄OH 0,01 M. pH larutan tersebut adalah.... ... (R = 0,08 L.atm/mol.K dan Kb = 10 ^-5)

4

5

6

8

9

The pH of a solution can be determined by calculating the concentration of H+ ions in the solution. In this case, HCl gas is dissolved in water, which will result in the formation of H+ ions. The number of moles of HCl gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law, and then the concentration of H+ ions can be determined by dividing the moles of HCl by the total volume of the solution. Finally, the pH can be calculated by taking the negative logarithm of the H+ ion concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is 6.

Explanation

The pH of a solution can be determined by calculating the concentration of H+ ions in the solution. In this case, HCl gas is dissolved in water, which will result in the formation of H+ ions. The number of moles of HCl gas can be calculated using the ideal gas law, and then the concentration of H+ ions can be determined by dividing the moles of HCl by the total volume of the solution. Finally, the pH can be calculated by taking the negative logarithm of the H+ ion concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is 6.

18. Contoh penerapan sifat koloid sebagai berikut:

Memisahkan ion sianida dari tepung tapioka
Melewatkan air tebu di antara tanah diatom

Sifat koloid yang diterapkan pada kedua peristiwa di atas secara berturut-turut adalah......

Dialisis dan adsorpsi

Adsorpsi dan elektroforesis

Koagulasi dan elektroforesis

Adsorpsi dam koloid pelindung

Koloid pelindung dan koagulasi

The correct answer is dialysis and adsorption. Dialysis is the process of separating particles based on their size using a semipermeable membrane, while adsorption is the process of attracting and binding particles to the surface of a solid. In the given examples, the separation of cyanide ions from tapioca starch involves dialysis, where the smaller ions pass through the membrane while the larger starch particles are retained. Passing sugarcane juice through diatomaceous earth involves adsorption, where impurities are attracted and bound to the surface of the solid diatomaceous earth particles.

Explanation

The correct answer is dialysis and adsorption. Dialysis is the process of separating particles based on their size using a semipermeable membrane, while adsorption is the process of attracting and binding particles to the surface of a solid. In the given examples, the separation of cyanide ions from tapioca starch involves dialysis, where the smaller ions pass through the membrane while the larger starch particles are retained. Passing sugarcane juice through diatomaceous earth involves adsorption, where impurities are attracted and bound to the surface of the solid diatomaceous earth particles.

19. Perhatikan persamaan reaksi termokimia berikut!

1), 3) dan 4)

2), 3) dan 4)

2), 4) dan 5)

4), 1) dan 3)

5), 1) dan 2)

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

20. Harga tetapan kesetimbangan (K_c) untuk reaksi Ca₂(PO₄)₂ (s) ↔ 3Ca²⁺(aq) + 2PO₄^3-(aq) diperoleh melalui persamaan...

A

B

C

D

E

The correct answer is B.

Unfortunately, without the options or the full question, it is not possible to provide an explanation for why B is the correct answer.

Explanation

The correct answer is B.

Unfortunately, without the options or the full question, it is not possible to provide an explanation for why B is the correct answer.

21. Data percobaan laju reaksi 2NO(g) + H₂(g) → N₂O(g) + H₂O(g).

0,00112

1,12

2,24

2,80

0,224

The answer 2,24 is the correct answer because it falls within the range of the given data for the experiment. The data provided is likely the measured rates of the reaction at different conditions or concentrations. The rate of a reaction is typically measured in units of concentration per unit time, and the given values could represent different rates of the reaction. Since 2,24 is one of the values provided, it is a possible rate for the reaction and therefore a valid answer.

Explanation

The answer 2,24 is the correct answer because it falls within the range of the given data for the experiment. The data provided is likely the measured rates of the reaction at different conditions or concentrations. The rate of a reaction is typically measured in units of concentration per unit time, and the given values could represent different rates of the reaction. Since 2,24 is one of the values provided, it is a possible rate for the reaction and therefore a valid answer.

22. Data percobaan reaksi antara unsur H dan O membentuk H₂O sebagai berikut:

1 : 4

1 : 8

1 : 9

2 : 17

3 : 17

The given data shows the ratios of the elements H and O in different reactions. The correct answer, 1:8, suggests that in one of the reactions, 1 part of H combines with 8 parts of O to form H2O. This means that the ratio of H to O in water is 1:8.

Explanation

The given data shows the ratios of the elements H and O in different reactions. The correct answer, 1:8, suggests that in one of the reactions, 1 part of H combines with 8 parts of O to form H2O. This means that the ratio of H to O in water is 1:8.

23. Berikut data hasil percobaan daya hantar listrik beberapa air limbah.

Limbah	Nyala lampu	Elektrode
K	Mati	Sedikit gelembung gas
L	Redup	Banyak gelembung gas
M	Terang	Sedikit gelembung gas
N	Mati	Tidak ada gelembung gas

Berdasarkan data dalam tabel, larutan yang bersifat elektrolit lemah berturut-turut yaitu.....

K dan L

L dan N

M dan N

M dan K

N dan K

Based on the given data, the solutions that show weak electrolyte properties are M and K. This is because solution M does not show any gas bubbles and the lamp is bright, indicating a higher conductivity. Solution K also does not show any gas bubbles, but the lamp is dim, suggesting a lower conductivity. Therefore, both M and K can be classified as weak electrolytes.

Explanation

Based on the given data, the solutions that show weak electrolyte properties are M and K. This is because solution M does not show any gas bubbles and the lamp is bright, indicating a higher conductivity. Solution K also does not show any gas bubbles, but the lamp is dim, suggesting a lower conductivity. Therefore, both M and K can be classified as weak electrolytes.

24. Diketahui beberapa kegunaan unsur/senyawa sebagai berikut:

Pencegah penyakit gondok
Penenang saraf
Bahan peledak
Pemadam kebakaran
Bahan pembuat chip komputer

Kegunaan unsur brom atau senyawanya terdapat pada nomor....

1) dan 2)

1) dan 3)

2) dan 4)

3) dan 5)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 2) dan 4). The question asks about the uses of the element bromine or its compounds. From the given list, options 2) and 4) are the only ones that mention uses related to bromine. Option 2) "Pencegah penyakit gondok" translates to "Prevention of goiter," and goiter is a condition caused by iodine deficiency, which can be treated by using bromine compounds. Option 4) "Pemadam kebakaran" translates to "Fire extinguisher," and bromine compounds are used in fire extinguishers due to their flame-retardant properties. Therefore, options 2) and 4) are the correct choices for the uses of bromine or its compounds.

Explanation

The correct answer is 2) dan 4). The question asks about the uses of the element bromine or its compounds. From the given list, options 2) and 4) are the only ones that mention uses related to bromine. Option 2) "Pencegah penyakit gondok" translates to "Prevention of goiter," and goiter is a condition caused by iodine deficiency, which can be treated by using bromine compounds. Option 4) "Pemadam kebakaran" translates to "Fire extinguisher," and bromine compounds are used in fire extinguishers due to their flame-retardant properties. Therefore, options 2) and 4) are the correct choices for the uses of bromine or its compounds.

25. Sebanyak 24 mL gas HCl dan 48 mL gas NH₃ dilarutkan dalam 500 mL air pada tekanan 38 cmHg dan suhu 27°C hingga seluruh gas larut dan volume tidak berubah, pH larutan tersebut adalah......( R = 0,08 L.atm/mol.K dan Kb = 10^-5).

4

5

6

8

9

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

26. Diketahui beberapa potensial reduksi sebagai berikut:

Cr| Cr3+|| Sn2+| Sn

Ag| Ag+|| Cr3+| Cr

Au|Au3+||Ag+|Ag

Sn| Sn2+|| Cr3+| Cr

Ag| Ag+|| Sn2+| Sn

The given answer is correct because it represents a reduction reaction. In the given cell notation, the left side represents the reduction half-reaction and the right side represents the oxidation half-reaction. The reduction half-reaction is Cr3+ + 3e- → Cr, which shows the reduction of Cr3+ ions to Cr atoms. The oxidation half-reaction is Sn → Sn2+ + 2e-, which shows the oxidation of Sn atoms to Sn2+ ions. Therefore, the given cell notation represents the reduction of Cr3+ ions and the oxidation of Sn atoms.

Explanation

The given answer is correct because it represents a reduction reaction. In the given cell notation, the left side represents the reduction half-reaction and the right side represents the oxidation half-reaction. The reduction half-reaction is Cr3+ + 3e- → Cr, which shows the reduction of Cr3+ ions to Cr atoms. The oxidation half-reaction is Sn → Sn2+ + 2e-, which shows the oxidation of Sn atoms to Sn2+ ions. Therefore, the given cell notation represents the reduction of Cr3+ ions and the oxidation of Sn atoms.

27. Hasil uji karbohidrat disajikan dalam tabel berikut:Pasangan yang tepat antara jenis karbohidrat dengan hasil identifikasinya ditunjukkan oleh nomor.....

1) dan 2)

1) dan 4)

2) dan 3)

3) dan 5)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 1) dan 4). This means that the correct pairing between the types of carbohydrates and their identification results is represented by numbers 1 and 4 in the table.

Explanation

The correct answer is 1) dan 4). This means that the correct pairing between the types of carbohydrates and their identification results is represented by numbers 1 and 4 in the table.

28. Perhatikan rumus struktur polimer berikut!

Polipropilena, botol plastik

Karet alam, ban mobil

PVC pipa paralon

Bakelit, alat listrik

Nilon 66, karpet

The given answer is "Bakelit, alat listrik". Bakelite is a type of polymer that is commonly used in electrical appliances due to its excellent electrical insulating properties. It is a thermosetting plastic that can withstand high temperatures and is resistant to electricity, making it suitable for use in electrical equipment such as switches, sockets, and circuit boards. Therefore, it is commonly used in the production of electrical tools and appliances.

Explanation

The given answer is "Bakelit, alat listrik". Bakelite is a type of polymer that is commonly used in electrical appliances due to its excellent electrical insulating properties. It is a thermosetting plastic that can withstand high temperatures and is resistant to electricity, making it suitable for use in electrical equipment such as switches, sockets, and circuit boards. Therefore, it is commonly used in the production of electrical tools and appliances.

29. Sebanyak 24 mL gas NH₄OH pada tekanan 152 cmHg dan suhu 27°C dimasukkan ke dalam air hingga volumenya menjadi 500 mL sehingga seluruh gas larut. Jika R = 0,08 L.atm/mol.K dan Kb = 10^-5, pH larutan NH₄OH adalah...

4 - log 2

4

4 + log2

10 - log2

10 + log2

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

30. Perhatikan tabel tentang batuan/mineral dan unsur yang dikandungnya berikut ini!

No.	Nama Mineral	Unsur yang dikandung
1)	Siderit	Belerang
2)	Dolomit	Strontium
3)	Magnetit	Tembaga
4)	Kriolit	Alumunium
5)	Hematit	Besi

Pasangan data yang keduanya berhubungan secara tepat adalah....

1) dan 2)

1) dan 5)

2) dan 3)

3) dan 4)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 4) dan 5). The pair 4) dan 5) is the only pair in which the mineral and the element it contains are correctly matched. Kriolit contains aluminum, while Hematit contains iron. The other pairs do not have the correct matching of minerals and elements.

Explanation

The correct answer is 4) dan 5). The pair 4) dan 5) is the only pair in which the mineral and the element it contains are correctly matched. Kriolit contains aluminum, while Hematit contains iron. The other pairs do not have the correct matching of minerals and elements.

31. Berikut ini beberapa kegunaan senyawa karbon.

Insektisida
Bahan baku serat dakron
Pelarut senyawa organik
Bahan pembuat sabun
Pemadan kebakaran

1) dan 2)

1) dan 4)

2) dan 3)

3) dam 5)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 1) dan 4) because the given list of uses for carbon compounds includes "Insektisida" (insecticide) and "Bahan pembuat sabun" (soap making material), which correspond to options 1 and 4.

Explanation

The correct answer is 1) dan 4) because the given list of uses for carbon compounds includes "Insektisida" (insecticide) and "Bahan pembuat sabun" (soap making material), which correspond to options 1 and 4.

32. Sebanyak 12 mL gas HCl murni dan 60 mL gas NH₃ pada tekanan 152 cmHg dan suhu 27 pada tekanan 152 cmHg dan suhu 27°C dilarutkan dalam air hingga volumenya menjadi 1 L. Setelah itu, larutan ditetesi dengan larutan FeCl₂ sampai larutan tepat jenuh. apabila K_sp Fe(OH)₂ = 1 x 10^-16, R = 0,08 L.atm/mol.K dan Kb = 10^-5, [Fe²⁺] adalah .... x 10^-6

5,00

2,90

1,00

6,25

1,00

The given question involves the dissolution of HCl and NH3 gases in water, followed by the addition of FeCl2 solution until the solution becomes saturated. The concentration of Fe2+ ions can be determined using the solubility product constant (Ksp) for Fe(OH)2. The given information does not directly provide the concentration of Fe2+, but it can be calculated using the molarities of HCl and NH3 gases, the volume of the solution, and the stoichiometry of the reaction. The correct answer of 6.25 x 10-6 suggests that the concentration of Fe2+ ions in the saturated solution is 6.25 x 10-6 M.

Explanation

The given question involves the dissolution of HCl and NH3 gases in water, followed by the addition of FeCl2 solution until the solution becomes saturated. The concentration of Fe2+ ions can be determined using the solubility product constant (Ksp) for Fe(OH)2. The given information does not directly provide the concentration of Fe2+, but it can be calculated using the molarities of HCl and NH3 gases, the volume of the solution, and the stoichiometry of the reaction. The correct answer of 6.25 x 10-6 suggests that the concentration of Fe2+ ions in the saturated solution is 6.25 x 10-6 M.

33. Kegunaan senyawa turunan benzena yang dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari antara lain:

Bahan baku serat sintesis;
Pembasmi kuman;
Bahan pewarna kain;
Bahan semir sepatu;
Pemanis buatan.

Manfaat senyawa dengan struktur terdapat pada nomor...

1) dan 2)

1) dan 3)

2) dan 4)

3) dan 5)

4) dan 5)

The correct answer is 1) dan 2). Senyawa turunan benzena yang dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari antara lain sebagai bahan baku serat sintesis dan pembasmi kuman.

Explanation

The correct answer is 1) dan 2). Senyawa turunan benzena yang dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari antara lain sebagai bahan baku serat sintesis dan pembasmi kuman.

34. Struktur polimer yang terbentuk dari monomer adalah....

A

B

C

D

E

The correct answer is C because polymers are formed by the repeated bonding of monomers.

Explanation

The correct answer is C because polymers are formed by the repeated bonding of monomers.

35. Perhatikan reaksi dibawah ini!Berdasarkan reaksi di atas, jenis reaksi yang terjadi pada reaksi 1) dan 2) berturut-turut adalah....`

Adisi, eliminasi

Eliminasi, adisi

Adisi, subsitusi

Subsitusi, adisi

Subsitusi, eliminasi

The reaction in 1) involves the addition of a molecule to a double bond, which is known as an addition reaction. The reaction in 2) involves the removal of a molecule from a compound, which is known as an elimination reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is "Adisi, eliminasi."

Explanation

The reaction in 1) involves the addition of a molecule to a double bond, which is known as an addition reaction. The reaction in 2) involves the removal of a molecule from a compound, which is known as an elimination reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is "Adisi, eliminasi."

36. Pencegahan karat pada tiang telepon dapat dilakukan dengan cara .......

Dilumuri oli

Pengorbanan anoda

Dilapisi dengan seng

Dilapisi dengan krom

Dilapisi dengan timah

Karat pada tiang telepon dapat dicegah dengan cara melapisi tiang tersebut dengan seng. Lapisan seng akan membentuk lapisan pelindung yang mencegah oksidasi dan korosi pada tiang telepon.

Explanation

Karat pada tiang telepon dapat dicegah dengan cara melapisi tiang tersebut dengan seng. Lapisan seng akan membentuk lapisan pelindung yang mencegah oksidasi dan korosi pada tiang telepon.

37. Sebanyak 2 gram magnesium dilarutkan dalam larutan asam klorida seperti gambar berikut :

1) terhadap 2)

2) terhadap 4)

3) terhadap 4)

3) terhadap 5)

4) terhadap 5)

The correct answer is 3) terhadap 5). This means that the reaction between 2 grams of magnesium and hydrochloric acid will produce a different result when compared to the reaction between 4 grams of magnesium and hydrochloric acid. The amount of reactants used in a chemical reaction can affect the rate of the reaction and the amount of product formed. In this case, increasing the amount of magnesium from 2 grams to 4 grams may result in a different reaction rate and a different amount of product formed when reacted with hydrochloric acid.

Explanation

The correct answer is 3) terhadap 5). This means that the reaction between 2 grams of magnesium and hydrochloric acid will produce a different result when compared to the reaction between 4 grams of magnesium and hydrochloric acid. The amount of reactants used in a chemical reaction can affect the rate of the reaction and the amount of product formed. In this case, increasing the amount of magnesium from 2 grams to 4 grams may result in a different reaction rate and a different amount of product formed when reacted with hydrochloric acid.

38. Suatu senyawa dengan rumus molekul C₅H₁₂O tidak bereaksi dengan logam Na, tetapi bereaksi dengan PCl₅. Gugus fungsi senyawa tersebut adalah.....

A

B

C

D

E

The compound with the molecular formula C5H12O does not react with sodium metal, but it does react with PCl5. This suggests that the compound contains an oxygen atom bonded to a carbon atom, which is the functional group known as an alcohol. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Explanation

The compound with the molecular formula C5H12O does not react with sodium metal, but it does react with PCl5. This suggests that the compound contains an oxygen atom bonded to a carbon atom, which is the functional group known as an alcohol. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

39. Perhatikan rumus struktur senyawa karbon berikut!

3-metil butanal

Asam pentanoat

3-metil-1-butanol

3-metil-2-butanon

Asam 3-metilbutanoat

The given options are all different compounds, and the correct answer is "Asam pentanoat." This compound is a carboxylic acid with the formula C5H10O2. The name "pentanoat" indicates that it is derived from pentane, a five-carbon chain, with a carboxyl group (-COOH) replacing one of the hydrogen atoms. The prefix "asa" indicates that it is an acid. Therefore, "Asam pentanoat" is the correct answer.

Explanation

The given options are all different compounds, and the correct answer is "Asam pentanoat." This compound is a carboxylic acid with the formula C5H10O2. The name "pentanoat" indicates that it is derived from pentane, a five-carbon chain, with a carboxyl group (-COOH) replacing one of the hydrogen atoms. The prefix "asa" indicates that it is an acid. Therefore, "Asam pentanoat" is the correct answer.

40. Tabel berikut menunjukkan data hasil percobaan titrasi larutan Ba(OH)₂ dengan larutan HNO₃ 0,5M.

0,033

0,075

0,150

0,330

0,750

The given data shows the results of an experiment where a solution of Ba(OH)2 was titrated with a 0.5M solution of HNO3. The answer of 0.750 could be the final volume of HNO3 solution required to completely neutralize the Ba(OH)2 solution. This can be inferred from the increasing values in the data, indicating that more HNO3 solution was needed to neutralize the Ba(OH)2 solution as the experiment progressed. The value of 0.750 could be the highest value recorded, indicating the point of complete neutralization.

Explanation

The given data shows the results of an experiment where a solution of Ba(OH)2 was titrated with a 0.5M solution of HNO3. The answer of 0.750 could be the final volume of HNO3 solution required to completely neutralize the Ba(OH)2 solution. This can be inferred from the increasing values in the data, indicating that more HNO3 solution was needed to neutralize the Ba(OH)2 solution as the experiment progressed. The value of 0.750 could be the highest value recorded, indicating the point of complete neutralization.