Latihan Soal 1: Kerajinan Bahan Keras

The correct answer is "Spray" because it is mentioned in the question that the coloring technique used in making crafts from hard materials like iron metal is done by applying oil paint using a spraying technique called "spray".

The given options are all materials commonly used in crafting. However, kaca (glass) is not a natural hard material like kayu (wood), bambu (bamboo), or kerang (shell). Glass is made by melting and cooling silica, soda ash, and limestone. Therefore, kaca does not qualify as a natural hard material for crafting.

The correct answer is Plastik, Bambu, Rotan. These materials are commonly used in weaving crafts. Plastik can be easily manipulated and woven into various shapes, while Bambu and Rotan are natural materials that are flexible and durable, making them suitable for weaving techniques.

The correct answer is Bambu. Bambu is the main material used to make besek, which is a traditional Indonesian woven basket. Bambu is a versatile and sustainable material that is easily available in Indonesia. It is lightweight, durable, and has natural flexibility, making it suitable for weaving into various shapes and sizes. Bambu besek is commonly used for storing and transporting goods, as well as for decorative purposes.

The given answer includes types of wood that can be used for making crafts. Pinus, Jati, Mahoni, and Akasia are all types of wood that are commonly used in woodworking and crafting. They have different characteristics and qualities that make them suitable for various types of crafts.

The correct answer is "Anyam" because the technique used in making besek crafts is weaving. Weaving involves interlacing flexible materials such as bamboo strips, rattan, or other natural fibers to create a sturdy and functional object like a besek. This technique is commonly used in traditional crafts to create various items such as baskets, mats, and bags.

The correct answer is Gergaji, Amplas, Palu, Pahat. These tools are commonly used in woodworking crafts. A gergaji (saw) is used to cut wood into desired shapes and sizes. Amplas (sandpaper) is used to smoothen the surface of the wood. Palu (hammer) is used to drive nails into the wood or shape it. Pahat (chisel) is used for carving and shaping wood. Together, these tools are essential for creating crafts from natural hard materials like wood.

The correct answer is "Bahan yang dapat diambil langsung dari alam" which means "Materials that can be directly taken from nature". This is because the passage states that the classification of hard materials used for crafts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. The term "alami" in Indonesian means "natural" and the phrase "dapat diambil langsung dari alam" translates to "can be directly taken from nature". Therefore, this option accurately describes the meaning of natural hard materials used for crafts.

The correct answer is "Fiber, PVC, Kaleng, Kaca". This group consists of crafts made from hard materials such as fiber, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), cans, and glass. These materials are commonly used in crafting to create various products such as baskets, plastic crafts, recycled can crafts, and glass art.

Besi, emas, dan perak merupakan logam-logam yang termasuk dalam kategori bahan keras buatan. Logam-logam ini memiliki sifat-sifat yang membuatnya kuat, tahan terhadap korosi, dan cocok digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi atau pembuatan alat-alat tahan lama. Sementara itu, kaca, intan, kerang, dan tulang bukan termasuk dalam logam dan tidak dikategorikan sebagai bahan keras buatan.

The main difference between natural hard materials and artificial hard materials in the context of crafting is their processing patterns. Natural hard materials are typically processed in a way that preserves their original form and structure, while artificial hard materials are processed using specific patterns and techniques to achieve the desired shape and characteristics. This difference in processing patterns distinguishes the two types of hard materials in terms of how they are manipulated and transformed into crafted objects.

The correct answer is 2) - 3) - 7) - 8). This combination includes natural hard materials that can be used for crafts.

Jenis kayu yang digunakan untuk ukiran dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu kayu keras dan kayu lunak. Kayu keras biasanya digunakan untuk ukiran yang membutuhkan kekuatan dan ketahanan, sedangkan kayu lunak lebih cocok untuk ukiran yang membutuhkan kehalusan dan kelembutan. Pemilihan jenis kayu yang tepat akan mempengaruhi hasil akhir dari ukiran tersebut.

The correct answer is "Kerajinan yang dibuat dengan media utama benda keras." This answer accurately describes the definition of crafts made with hard materials as the main medium. It implies that the crafts are created using materials such as metal, wood, glass, or stone, which are considered hard substances.

The purpose of creating crafts from hard materials that are related to aesthetic value is to prioritize the value of beauty.

A tatah is a tool used for making holes in wood. It is a small chisel-like tool with a sharp point that is used to carve or gouge out wood. It is commonly used for shaping and detailing woodwork, as well as for creating holes or slots in wood. Unlike a saw or sandpaper, a tatah is specifically designed for the purpose of making holes in wood.

The correct answer is "Safety" because the question is asking for the term that refers to the security aspect contained in ergonomic properties. Safety is directly related to ensuring the well-being and protection of individuals while using ergonomic products or systems. Ergonomic designs prioritize safety measures to prevent accidents, injuries, and health issues caused by poor ergonomics. Therefore, safety is the most appropriate term to describe the security aspect associated with ergonomic properties.

Bubut adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk membuat kerajinan dari bahan keras seperti kayu. Teknik ini melibatkan penggunaan mesin bubut yang digerakkan oleh tenaga listrik untuk memutar benda kerja (kayu) pada porosnya. Selama benda kerja berputar, alat potong seperti pahat atau gergaji digunakan untuk membentuk dan mengukir kayu sesuai dengan desain yang diinginkan. Dengan menggunakan teknik bubut, kayu dapat diubah menjadi berbagai bentuk dan ukuran yang diinginkan.

The term "Balance" is not included in the ergonomic elements of a product made from hard materials. Ergonomics focuses on designing products that provide comfort, safety, and flexibility to the users. Balance, on the other hand, refers to the distribution of weight or the ability to maintain stability, which is not directly related to the ergonomic aspects of a product.

The correct answer states that ergonomic elements in crafts made from hard materials prioritize comfort and safety. This means that the design and construction of the crafts are focused on ensuring that they are comfortable to use and do not pose any safety risks to the users.

The correct answer is "Harmony dan Contrast." When creating a decorative functional object, it is important to consider both harmony and contrast. Harmony refers to the overall balance and unity of the design elements, ensuring that they work together cohesively. Contrast, on the other hand, involves incorporating elements that are different or opposite to create visual interest and make certain features stand out. By combining harmony and contrast, the object can achieve a pleasing aesthetic while also being visually engaging.

The correct order for making crafts from hard materials is to first make a design, then prepare the tools and materials, make the object according to the design, and finally finish it.

Campurdarat is the region in Tulungagung that is famous for its Onix industry.

The correct answer is "Tempel" because "penyatuan bahan kerajinan kaca" refers to the process of joining glass materials together, and "tempel" means to stick or adhere. Therefore, using the technique of "tempel" would involve sticking or adhering the glass materials together to create the desired glass craft.

The correct answer states that handicrafts do not have an economic function if they are comfortable to look at. This implies that the economic value of handicrafts is not solely based on their aesthetic appeal or visual comfort. Other factors such as market demand, price, and the ability to generate income for artisans are more important in determining the economic function of handicrafts.