Baze Podataka - Uvodni Pojmovi
poznavanje osnovne terminologije
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Činjenicu predstavljenu zvukom, tekstom ili brojem koja sama za sebe ne mora imati nikakvo značenje nazivamo
Explanation
The correct answer is "podatak" because it refers to a fact presented in the form of sound, text, or numbers that may not have any meaning on its own.Rate this question:
- 2.
Skup podataka kojima smo pridodali značenje i kontekst i kojim doznajemo nešto novo nazivamo
- A.
Baza podataka
- B.
Informacija
- C.
Podatak
- D.
Tablica
Correct Answer
B. InformacijaExplanation
The given correct answer is "informacija". In the context of the question, it is stated that we add meaning and context to a set of data in order to learn something new. This aligns with the definition of "informacija", which means information in Croatian. Therefore, it can be concluded that the correct term for the described situation is "informacija".Rate this question:
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- 3.
Skup logički organiziranih i međusobno povezanih podataka koji čine neku cjelinu nazivamo
- A.
Informacija
- B.
Tablica
- C.
Banka podataka
- D.
Baza podataka
Correct Answer
D. Baza podatakaExplanation
A skup logički organiziranih i međusobno povezanih podataka koji čine neku cjelinu nazivamo baza podataka.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Skup programa koji omogućuju kreiranje i održavanje baze podataka, te kontrolu pristupa podacima nazivamo
- A.
DBBS
- B.
DBMS
- C.
DMBS
- D.
DMMS
Correct Answer
B. DBMSExplanation
The correct answer is DBMS. DBMS stands for Database Management System, which is a software program that allows users to create and maintain a database, as well as control access to the data. It provides an interface for users to interact with the database, allowing them to perform tasks such as creating tables, inserting data, querying the database, and managing security and permissions. DBMS is essential for organizing and managing large amounts of data efficiently and securely.Rate this question:
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- 5.
DBMS je kratica od engleskog naziva za sustav za upravljanje bazama podataka tj.
Correct Answer
database management system
Database Management System
Database management System
Database management systemExplanation
The correct answer is "database management system". This is the correct term for the English abbreviation "DBMS" which stands for "database management system". The answer options "Database Management System", "Database management System", and "Database management system" are all variations of the correct term, but they are not written in the correct capitalization format.Rate this question:
- 6.
Osobe uključene u sustav baza podataka su
- A.
Programeri aplikacija
- B.
Korisnici
- C.
Administratori baze
- D.
Krajnji korisnici
- E.
Serviseri računala
- F.
Nitko od navedenih
Correct Answer(s)
A. Programeri aplikacija
B. Korisnici
C. Administratori baze
D. Krajnji korisniciExplanation
The individuals involved in a database system are programmers of applications, users, database administrators, and end-users. These individuals play different roles in the database system. Programmers of applications develop the software that interacts with the database. Users are individuals who interact with the database system to perform various tasks. Database administrators are responsible for managing and maintaining the database system. End-users are the ultimate consumers of the data stored in the database. Therefore, the correct answer includes all these individuals.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Osnovni objekti u bazi podataka su:
- A.
Tablica
- B.
Upit
- C.
Obrazac
- D.
Izvješće
Correct Answer(s)
A. Tablica
B. Upit
C. Obrazac
D. IzvješćeExplanation
The correct answer is tablica, upit, obrazac, izvješće. In a database, the basic objects are tables, queries, forms, and reports. Tables store the actual data in a structured format, queries are used to retrieve specific data from the tables, forms provide a user-friendly interface for entering and viewing data, and reports are used to present data in a formatted and organized manner. These objects are essential components of a database system and are used for various purposes in managing and analyzing data.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Osnovni objekt baze podataka koji sadrži podatke i koji je temelj za izradu svih ostalih objekata je
- A.
Izvješće
- B.
Obrazac
- C.
Upit
- D.
Tablica
Correct Answer
D. TablicaExplanation
The correct answer is "tablica". In a database, a table is the basic object that stores data and serves as the foundation for creating other objects. It organizes data into rows and columns, allowing for efficient storage and retrieval of information. Tables are essential for structuring and managing data in a database system, and they are used to represent entities and their relationships in a relational database model.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Redak u tablici baze podataka nazivamo ...
Correct Answer
zapis
recordExplanation
The correct answer for this question is "zapis, record". In a database table, a record refers to a complete set of information about a specific entity or item. It is a collection of related data fields that are grouped together to represent a single entity. In Croatian, the term for record is "zapis". Therefore, both "zapis" and "record" are correct terms to describe a row or entry in a database table.Rate this question:
- 10.
Stupac u tablici baze podataka nazivamo...
Correct Answer
polje
fieldExplanation
In the context of a database table, a "stupac" refers to a column. A column represents a specific attribute or characteristic of the data being stored in the table. The term "polje" is the Croatian translation for "field," which is commonly used to describe a column in a database table. Therefore, the correct answer is "polje" or "field."Rate this question:
- 11.
Vrste tj. modeli baza podataka koji su danas najviše u upotrebi su...
- A.
Plošne
- B.
Relacijske
- C.
Mrežne
- D.
Hijerarhijske
Correct Answer(s)
B. Relacijske
C. Mrežne
D. HijerarhijskeExplanation
The correct answer includes the terms "relacijske," "mrežne," and "hijerarhijske," which are all types or models of databases that are commonly used today. Relational databases organize data into tables with rows and columns, while network databases organize data using a network structure, and hierarchical databases organize data in a tree-like structure. These three types of databases are widely used in various industries and applications for efficient data management and retrieval.Rate this question:
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- 12.
MS Access je...
- A.
Komercijalni software
- B.
Opensource software
- C.
Desktop DBMS
- D.
Podržava SQL
- E.
Ne podržava SQL
- F.
Ne podržava SQL
Correct Answer(s)
A. Komercijalni software
C. Desktop DBMS
D. Podržava SQLExplanation
MS Access is a commercial software that is used as a desktop database management system (DBMS). It supports SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language, allowing users to interact with and manipulate the database.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Definiranje, dodavanje i brisanje polja, izmjena svojstava polja i sl. postupci su koje obavljamo u _____________ prikazu tablice (view).
- A.
Prikazu podatkovne tablice (datasheet view)
- B.
Prikazu dizajna (Design view)
- C.
Niti jedan odgovor nije točan
- D.
Oba odgovora su točna
Correct Answer
B. Prikazu dizajna (Design view)Explanation
In the Design view, we can define, add, and delete fields, as well as modify field properties and perform other actions related to the design of the table. This view allows us to make structural changes to the table, such as adding or removing fields, and also modify the properties of the fields. Therefore, it is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Unos podataka u tablicu obavlja se u Prikazu dizajna tablice.
- A.
Netočno
- B.
Točno
Correct Answer
A. NetočnoExplanation
The given statement is incorrect. The correct answer is "Netočno" which means "False" in English. The statement implies that data entry in a table is done in the Design View of the table, but this is not true. Data entry in a table is typically done in the Datasheet View or Form View of the table.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Prikaz dizajna tablice sadrži sljedeće elemente:
- A.
Naziv polja
- B.
Opis
- C.
Vrsta podataka
- D.
Svojstva polja
- E.
Toga uopće nema u prikazu dizajna
Correct Answer(s)
A. Naziv polja
B. Opis
C. Vrsta podataka
D. Svojstva poljaExplanation
The correct answer includes the elements that are present in the design view of a table, which are the field name, description, data type, and field properties.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Kada polje služi za unos podataka do 655 znakova koristiti ćemo vrstu podataka Short text (Kratki tekst)
- A.
Točno
- B.
Netočno
Correct Answer
B. NetočnoExplanation
The correct answer is "Netočno" (False). This is because the statement suggests that we should use the data type "Short text" for entering data up to 655 characters, but the correct data type for this purpose would be "Long text" or "Text". The "Short text" data type typically allows for a shorter character limit, such as 255 characters.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Tekstualne podatke duljine do 255 znakova unosimo u polje vrste
- A.
Kratki tekst (Short text)
- B.
Dugi tekst (long text)
- C.
Samonumeriranje (Autonumber)
- D.
Privitak (Attachment)
Correct Answer
A. Kratki tekst (Short text)Explanation
The correct answer is "Kratki tekst (Short text)". This is because the given options are different types of data fields that can be used to input textual data. Among these options, "Kratki tekst (Short text)" is the most suitable for entering textual data of up to 255 characters. The other options, such as "Dugi tekst (long text)" and "Privitak (Attachment)" are not specifically designed for inputting short textual data.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Kada želimo da Access sam dodjeljuje jedinstvene numeričke vrijednosti u polje kako bismo ga mogli koristiti za npr. šifru proizvoda tada ćemo za vrstu polja odabrati _________
Correct Answer
AutonumberExplanation
When we want Access to automatically assign unique numerical values to a field so that we can use it for purposes like product codes, we would choose the field type as Autonumber.Rate this question:
- 19.
Vrste podataka u poljima možemo definirati kao:
- A.
Kratki tekst (Short text)
- B.
Dugi tekst (Long tekst)
- C.
Web lokacija (Web page)
- D.
Broj (Number)
- E.
Valuta (Currency)
- F.
Slika (Picture)
- G.
Da/Ne (Yes/No)
- H.
Datum/vrijeme (Date/time)
- I.
Samonumeriranje (Automumber)
- J.
Hiperveza (Hyperlink)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Kratki tekst (Short text)
B. Dugi tekst (Long tekst)
D. Broj (Number)
E. Valuta (Currency)
G. Da/Ne (Yes/No)
H. Datum/vrijeme (Date/time)
I. Samonumeriranje (Automumber)
J. Hiperveza (Hyperlink)Explanation
The given answer lists the different types of data that can be defined in fields. These include short text, long text, number, currency, yes/no, date/time, autonumber, hyperlink.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Polje (polja) koje nedvosmisleno identificira svaki zapis pohranjen u tablicu i ima jedinstvenu vrijednost naziva se...
- A.
Strani ključ
- B.
Primarni (glavni) ključ
- C.
Relacijski ključ
- D.
šifra
Correct Answer
B. Primarni (glavni) ključExplanation
A primarni (glavni) ključ is a field (or fields) that uniquely identifies each record stored in a table and has a unique value. It is used to ensure the integrity and uniqueness of the data in the table.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Polje Prezime u nekoj tablici možemo definirati kao primarni ključ.
- A.
Točno
- B.
Netočno
Correct Answer
B. NetočnoExplanation
The given statement states that the field "Prezime" in a table can be defined as a primary key. However, this statement is incorrect. A primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a table, and it cannot contain duplicate or null values. In most cases, a field like "Prezime" (which translates to "Last Name") would not be suitable as a primary key because multiple people can have the same last name. Therefore, the correct answer is "Netočno" (False).Rate this question:
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- 22.
U njima je spremljena lokacija zapisa na nekom polju ili poljima. Koriste se da se ubrzaju pretragu i dohvat podataka. Koriste prema principu kazala pojmova u knjizi. To su....
- A.
Primarni ključevi
- B.
Filteri
- C.
Indeksi
- D.
Zadane vrijednosti
Correct Answer
C. IndeksiExplanation
Indexes are used to speed up the search and retrieval of data by storing the location of records on a field or fields. They work based on the principle of an index in a book. Therefore, the correct answer is "indeksi".Rate this question:
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- 23.
Primarni ključ u tablici može biti npr. polje...
- A.
OIB
- B.
Prezime
- C.
Ime
- D.
JMBG
- E.
Broj šasije automobila
- F.
Matični broj učenika u matičnoj knjizi škole
- G.
Šifra proizvoda u skladištu
- H.
Broj putovnice
Correct Answer(s)
A. OIB
D. JMBG
E. Broj šasije automobila
F. Matični broj učenika u matičnoj knjizi škole
G. Šifra proizvoda u skladištu
H. Broj putovniceExplanation
The given answer lists various examples of fields that can be used as the primary key in a table. These fields include OIB (personal identification number), JMBG (unique master citizen number), car chassis number, student ID number, product code in a warehouse, and passport number. A primary key is a unique identifier for each record in a table, and it ensures that there are no duplicate records. In this case, any of the listed fields can serve as a primary key, depending on the specific requirements and characteristics of the table.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Tablice u relacijskoj bazi međusobno povezujemo pomoću primarnih i stranih ključeva koristeći tzv. ...
- A.
Linkove (hiperveze)
- B.
Upite (querye)
- C.
Izvješća (reporte)
- D.
Relacije (veze)
Correct Answer
D. Relacije (veze)Explanation
In relational databases, tables are connected to each other using primary and foreign keys through relationships or "veze" in Croatian. These relationships establish connections between the data in different tables, allowing for efficient data retrieval and manipulation. By using these relationships, data can be linked and accessed across multiple tables, ensuring data integrity and consistency in the database.Rate this question:
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- 25.
_________________ je postupak organiziranja podataka s ciljem kreiranja učinkovite, pouzdane (sačuvan integritet baze podatka) i fleksibilne baze podataka.
- A.
Redundancija
- B.
Optimizacija
- C.
Normalizacija
- D.
Skodiranje
Correct Answer
C. NormalizacijaExplanation
Normalizacija je postupak organiziranja podataka u bazi podataka radi eliminacije redundancije i postizanja veće efikasnosti, pouzdanosti i fleksibilnosti. Ovaj postupak pomaže u održavanju integriteta baze podataka i smanjuje potrebu za ponavljanjem istih podataka u različitim tabelama. Normalizacija se koristi kako bi se osiguralo da svaki podatak bude zapisan samo jednom i da se veze između podataka jasno definišu.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Prva normalna forma (1NF) zahtjeva
- A.
Atomičnost polja tablice
- B.
Da svi zapisi moraju imati isti broj polja
- C.
Ne sadržavati vrijednosti koje se ponavljaju
- D.
Da bude zadovoljena druga normalna forma
- E.
Da bude zadovoljena treća normalna form
- F.
Da su sva polja indeksirana
Correct Answer(s)
A. Atomičnost polja tablice
B. Da svi zapisi moraju imati isti broj polja
C. Ne sadržavati vrijednosti koje se ponavljajuExplanation
The correct answer is that 1NF requires atomicity of table fields, that all records must have the same number of fields, and that it should not contain repeating values. This means that each field in the table should contain a single value, records should have a consistent structure, and there should be no duplicate values within the table. These requirements help ensure data integrity and eliminate data redundancy in the table.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Druga normalna forma (2NF) zahtijeva da
- A.
Da bude zadovoljena prva normalna forma (1NF)
- B.
Da bude zadovoljena treća normalna forma (3NF)
- C.
Da su sva polja indeksirana
- D.
sva polja moraju biti jednoznačna i u potpunosti ovisiti o glavnom ključu (engl. primary key).
- E.
U svakoj tablici moraju se zapisivati podatci o samo jednom subjektOption 5
Correct Answer(s)
A. Da bude zadovoljena prva normalna forma (1NF)
D. sva polja moraju biti jednoznačna i u potpunosti ovisiti o glavnom ključu (engl. primary key).Explanation
The correct answer is that the second normal form (2NF) requires that the first normal form (1NF) is satisfied, and that all fields must be unique and fully dependent on the primary key. This means that each field in the table must have a unique value and the value of each field should be determined by the primary key. This ensures that the table is properly organized and eliminates any potential data redundancy or anomalies.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Treća normalna forma (3NF) zahtijeva da
- A.
Da bude zadovoljena prva normalna forma (1NF)
- B.
Da bude zadovoljena druga normalna forma (2NF)
- C.
Da su sva polja indeksirana
- D.
sva polja moraju biti jednoznačna i u potpunosti ovisiti o glavnom ključu (engl. primary key).
- E.
Sva polja koja nisu dio glavnog ključa ne smiju međusobno ovisiti jedno o drugom
Correct Answer(s)
A. Da bude zadovoljena prva normalna forma (1NF)
B. Da bude zadovoljena druga normalna forma (2NF)
D. sva polja moraju biti jednoznačna i u potpunosti ovisiti o glavnom ključu (engl. primary key).Explanation
The correct answer states that the third normal form (3NF) requires the satisfaction of the first normal form (1NF), the second normal form (2NF), and that all fields must be unique and fully dependent on the primary key. This means that the data must be organized into tables with atomic values, there should be no partial dependencies, and all non-key fields should depend on the entire primary key.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Nepotrebno ponavljanje istih podataka unutar baze podataka nazivamo
- A.
Normalizacija
- B.
Optimizacija
- C.
Hiperinflacija
- D.
Zalihost ili redundancija
Correct Answer
D. Zalihost ili redundancijaExplanation
The correct answer is "zalihost ili redundancija" which translates to "redundancy or duplication" in English. This refers to the unnecessary repetition of the same data within a database. Redundancy can lead to data inconsistencies and inefficiencies in storage and retrieval. Normalization, optimization, and hyperinflation are not relevant to this concept.Rate this question:
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