Cuestionario: Redes De Telecomunicaciones

The given answer accurately defines a protocol as the procedures or set of rules used to control the orderly exchange of information between two equal entities in the corresponding layers of the computer in a data link.

The given explanation is not clear and incomplete. It is not possible to generate an explanation based on the given information.

Prodigy Internet is a value-added service provided by TELMEX that allows residential and commercial customers to access the Internet using any dial-up telephone line.

Prodigy Infinitum is a high-speed internet service that is based on ADSL technology. ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a type of broadband connection that allows for faster download speeds compared to upload speeds. Prodigy Infinitum provides users with a fast and reliable internet connection, making it the correct answer in this context.

La creación de subredes permite dividir una red en segmentos más pequeños, lo que ayuda a evitar problemas de congestión en la red. Al dividir la red en subredes, se reducen la cantidad de dispositivos y tráfico en cada segmento, lo que evita la sobrecarga y mejora el rendimiento de la red en general. Esto permite un mejor flujo de datos y evita que la red se sature, lo que puede causar retrasos y pérdida de paquetes.

ADSL, or Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, is a technology that is currently used to transmit asymmetric data rates of up to 8 Mbps over the same copper pair of installed telephone lines. This technology allows for faster download speeds compared to upload speeds, making it suitable for internet services where users typically download more data than they upload.

Punto a punto y anillo son dos de las arquitecturas físicas de red utilizadas en la Red de Acceso. La arquitectura punto a punto se refiere a una conexión directa entre dos dispositivos, donde la información se transmite de forma secuencial. Por otro lado, la arquitectura en anillo se basa en una topología de red en la que los dispositivos están conectados en forma de anillo cerrado, donde los datos se transmiten en una dirección específica. Estas dos arquitecturas son comunes en la Red de Acceso y se utilizan para establecer conexiones y transmitir datos de manera eficiente.

A bit is the basic unit of information in data communication. It is represented by a high or low level, yes or no, or 1 or 0.

The correct answer is "Almacenamiento y reenvío (store and forward)". This method of switching involves storing the incoming frame in internal buffers before sending it to the output port. It ensures that the frame is error-free by performing a CRC check before forwarding it. This method is commonly used in network switches to ensure the integrity of data transmission.

The correct answer is the sublayer of segmentation and reassembly (SAR). This sublayer belongs to the ATM adaptation layer and is responsible for accepting variable-length messages from higher-level layers and fragmenting them into data segments to be transmitted using cells. It also reassembles the messages from these fragments at the receiving end.

The correct answer is Circuitos Virtuales Conmutados (SVC). This is because the description provided in the question states that it is a dynamically created and released virtual circuit that remains in use for the duration of the data transfer, similar to a phone call. Circuitos Virtuales Conmutados (SVC) fits this description as it is a type of virtual circuit in ATM networks that is established and terminated on demand. Circuitos Virtuales Permanentes (PVC), on the other hand, are pre-configured and remain in place permanently.

The given address "00-AF-77-03-87-7F" is an example of a physical (MAC) address. MAC addresses are unique identifiers assigned to network interfaces, such as Ethernet or Wi-Fi adapters, at the hardware level. They are used to identify devices on a local network. The format of a MAC address consists of six groups of two hexadecimal digits, separated by hyphens or colons.

The basic stages for digitizing a voice signal are filtering, sampling, quantization, and encoding. Filtering is the process of removing unwanted frequencies from the signal. Sampling involves taking discrete samples of the analog signal at regular intervals. Quantization is the process of representing each sample with a finite number of bits. Finally, encoding refers to the process of converting the quantized samples into a digital format for storage or transmission.

The correct answer is "Tres antenas direccionales cubriendo cada una célula sectorial de 120º". This means that a sector cell is equipped with three directional antennas, each covering a sector of 120º.

The correct answer is 9 Filas por 270 Columnas because the STM-1 signal is represented as a frame with 9 rows and 270 columns. This frame structure is used for transmitting synchronous digital signals over optical fiber networks. Each row represents a specific part of the signal, such as the payload, overhead, and synchronization information, while each column represents a specific time slot within the frame.

Las siglas STM-n significan "Módulo de transporte síncrono de nivel n". Esta respuesta indica que las siglas se refieren a un módulo de transporte que opera de manera síncrona y que está clasificado en un nivel específico, representado por la letra "n".

The correct answer is 800 MHz. This is the frequency band commonly used for cellular telephony. It falls within the range of frequencies designated for mobile communication and allows for efficient transmission of voice and data signals.

The correct answer is Red Ethernet (ARPANET). ARPANET was the first experimental network created in 1973 at the Xerox Corporation's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). ARPANET was a pioneering packet-switching network and is considered the predecessor to the modern internet. It was developed by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States Department of Defense. Ethernet, on the other hand, is a local area network (LAN) technology that was developed by Xerox Corporation in the 1970s and became widely adopted in the 1980s. While both ARPANET and Ethernet played significant roles in the development of computer networking, ARPANET was the first experimental network created at PARC.

The correct answer is DHCP. DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. It is a protocol that provides a mechanism for dynamically assigning IP addresses to devices on a network. This allows the IP addresses to be automatically reused when hosts no longer need them. DHCP simplifies network administration and eliminates the need for manual IP address configuration.

Cuando un switch recibe una trama con un nodo destino desconocido, la envía a todos los segmentos (broadcast), excepto por el cual fue recibida la trama. Esto se debe a que el switch utiliza la tabla de direcciones MAC para determinar a qué puerto enviar la trama en función de la dirección MAC de destino. Si el switch no tiene una entrada en su tabla para la dirección MAC de destino, lo trata como un destino desconocido y envía la trama a todos los demás puertos, excepto por el cual fue recibida la trama, en un intento de encontrar el nodo destino.

The given correct answer is NNI (Network to Network Interface). This answer is appropriate because the question mentions that this type of interface connects two ATM switches. NNI is a type of interface that is used to connect two different networks or switches together. It allows for the exchange of data and information between these networks, ensuring seamless communication and interoperability.

The correct answer is Capa 4 o transporte. The question is asking for the highest layer associated with data movement across the network. The transport layer, also known as Layer 4, is responsible for ensuring reliable and efficient delivery of data between network devices. It handles tasks such as segmentation, flow control, and error correction. Layers 5 and 6, the session layer and presentation layer, respectively, are not directly involved in data movement.

The correct answer is "Examina dirección y reenvía (cut trough)". This method of switching involves examining the destination MAC address of an incoming frame and then searching for that address in its switching table to determine the port through which the frame should be forwarded. It immediately forwards the frame after receiving the destination address, without waiting for the entire frame to be received. This method allows for faster forwarding of frames compared to the "Almacenamiento y reenvío (store and forward)" method, which waits for the entire frame to be received before forwarding.

La RDSI (Red Digital de Servicios Integrados) ofrece conexiones por conmutación de circuitos a una velocidad de 64 Kbps. Esto significa que la RDSI es capaz de transmitir datos a una velocidad de 64 kilobits por segundo. La conmutación de circuitos implica establecer una conexión dedicada entre el origen y el destino durante toda la duración de la comunicación, lo que garantiza una calidad de servicio constante pero puede resultar menos eficiente en términos de uso del ancho de banda.

The correct answer is "En las instalaciones del abonado." This means that the NT1 network termination is physically located at the subscriber's premises.

The correct answer is "Compensar las diferencias de velocidad y fase de las tributarias". This means that "justificar" in terms of PDH refers to compensating for the differences in velocity and phase of the tributaries. This implies that the PDH system is able to adjust and synchronize the different data streams to ensure proper transmission and reception.

The correct answer is Capa 1 ó Física y Capa 2 ó enlace de datos. This is because the physical layer (Capa 1) is responsible for the physical transmission of data over the network, such as the cables, connectors, and electrical signals. The data link layer (Capa 2) is responsible for the reliable transmission of data between two devices on the same network, handling issues such as error detection and flow control. Therefore, both of these layers are necessary for the operation of a LAN.

The correct answer is "0.0.0.0 hasta 127.255.255.255". This is because Class A networks have a range of IP addresses starting from 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255. Class A networks have a very large number of available IP addresses, as the first octet of the IP address is reserved for the network identifier and the remaining three octets are used for host identifiers. This allows for a maximum of 16,777,214 hosts on a Class A network.

Cuando un switch comprueba que la dirección MAC de destino de una trama está dirigida a un nodo "distinto" del segmento del cual proviene la trama, reexpide la trama. Esto significa que el switch enviará la trama a través del puerto adecuado para que llegue al segmento al cual está dirigida la dirección MAC de destino. Esto permite que la trama alcance su destino final en la red.

This answer suggests that the given scenario is an example of NAR (Non-Availability of Resources) in the case of switched services. The acronym CCA/CCE is not explained further, so it is unclear how it relates to the explanation provided.

A transceptor es una combinación de transmisor y receptor, lo cual implica que tiene la capacidad de transmitir y recibir señales. Su función principal es convertir una forma de señal en otra o un medio a otro. En este caso específico, se menciona que se utiliza en la conversión de par trenzado a fibra óptica, lo cual indica que el transceptor es capaz de recibir una señal en forma de par trenzado y convertirla en una señal de fibra óptica para su transmisión. Por lo tanto, la opción correcta es "Transceptor".

The correct answer is Capa 5 o Sesión. This layer is responsible for establishing, managing, and terminating sessions between two communicating applications. It ensures that data is transmitted properly and in the correct order, handles error recovery, and manages synchronization between the sender and receiver. This layer also handles encryption and decryption of data if necessary. The Presentation layer (Capa 6) is responsible for data formatting, compression, and encryption, but it does not handle session management.

The correct answer is 10Base-FL. This is because the specification mentions the use of two optical fibers for transmission and reception, with a maximum distance of 2,000 meters and a transmission speed of 100 Mbps. The "FL" in 10Base-FL stands for "Fiber Link," indicating the use of fiber optic cables for communication. The other options, 10Base-T and 10Base-TL, refer to different types of twisted pair copper cables, which are not mentioned in the given specification.

The correct answer is 10Base-T because it specifies the use of an UTP cable (Unshielded Twisted Pair) category 3 or higher with an RJ-45 connector, capable of transmitting at 10 Mbps over a distance of 100 meters. This matches the given specifications, making it the correct choice.

The correct answer is "Red Interna del Usuario (RIU)". This term refers to the network that allows direct communication from the Network Termination Point (PTR) to the user's equipment. It indicates that the user has their own internal network within the larger network infrastructure. The other options, "Punto Terminal de Nodo (PTN)" and "Nodo de Acceso a la Red (NAR)", do not accurately describe this specific network.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used to transfer files between network nodes. It allows users to upload, download, and manage files on a remote server. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is used to assign IP addresses to devices on a network, while SMT (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending and receiving email messages. Therefore, the correct answer is FTP, as it specifically addresses the transfer of files between network nodes.

V.35 is the correct answer because it is a type of interface that is commonly used to provide LADA services at a data rate of 64 Kbps. V.35 is a standard interface that supports synchronous data transmission and is often used for connecting routers, switches, and other networking devices. It uses a 34-pin connector and is capable of providing reliable and high-speed data transfer. RJ-45 is a connector commonly used for Ethernet connections, BNC is a connector used for coaxial cables, and X.21 is an older interface that is not commonly used anymore.

La capa 4 o de Transporte asegura una entrega "confiable" de datos entre procesos que corren en las computadoras de fuente y destino. Esta capa se encarga de dividir los datos en segmentos y agregarles información de control para asegurar que lleguen correctamente al destino. Además, se encarga de controlar el flujo de datos y de manejar posibles errores en la comunicación.

The correct answer is Capa 7 ó Aplicación. The application layer is responsible for providing services directly to the user. This layer includes protocols that allow users to access network resources and services, such as email, web browsing, and file transfer. It is the highest layer in the OSI model and is the closest to the user.

The correct answer is 64 Kbps. In an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN), a B channel is used for carrying user data. Each B channel has a data rate of 64 Kbps, which allows for the transmission of digital voice, video, and data. Therefore, the correct answer is 64 Kbps.

The correct answer is "Relleno" (Filler). In networking, "relleno" refers to the process of adding extra bits or bytes to a data frame to ensure that it meets the minimum length required for proper collision detection. This is necessary because collision detection algorithms rely on the transmission time of a frame, and if the frame is too short, collisions may not be detected accurately. By adding filler, the frame is lengthened, allowing for more accurate collision detection.

The correct answer is "Instalación de abonado, Red Local". This answer includes both the "Instalación de abonado" (subscriber installation) and the "Red Local" (local network), which are the main components of subscriber access. The other options, such as "Red MAN, LAN, WAN" and "Instalación de abonado y red publica" (subscriber installation and public network), do not accurately represent the main components of subscriber access.

The correct answer is "Calidad de servicio de una conexión (Qos)". This is because the question is asking about the loss, delay, and delay variation that occur in cells belonging to a connection in an ATM network. QoS (Quality of Service) refers to the ability of a network to provide different levels of service to different types of traffic, ensuring that certain connections or applications receive priority in terms of bandwidth, latency, and reliability. QoS is essential in ATM networks to ensure the efficient and reliable transmission of data.

A "dato" is the minimum unit of expression or information without any order or meaning. It is a piece of information that does not have any specific structure or organization. In contrast, a "bit" is the smallest unit of data in computing, representing a binary value of either 0 or 1. A "byte" is a unit of digital information that typically consists of 8 bits and is used to represent a character or a number in computer systems.

The given answer states that the correct option is SA (Source Address). This means that the SA field in a network frame specifies the address of the sender of the frame. It is always a unicast address, which means it is intended for a specific recipient. The SA field helps in identifying the source of the frame and is crucial for network communication and troubleshooting.

The correct answer is 23. TELNET is a protocol used for remote login and command execution on a remote computer. It uses port number 23 to establish a connection between the client and the server. This port is specifically assigned for TELNET communication, allowing the exchange of messages between the two parties involved in the communication process.

PPP (Point to Point Protocol) is the correct answer because it is a protocol that supports multiple protocols, including IPX (Novell's Network Packet Exchange) and DECnet. PPP is commonly used for establishing a direct connection between two devices, such as a computer and a modem, and it provides a reliable and secure way to transmit data over a network. It is widely used in internet connections, especially for dial-up and DSL connections.

A network operating system is a software that allows multiple interconnected computers to share resources. It provides a set of programs and communication protocols that facilitate this sharing of resources. This includes managing network connections, file sharing, printer sharing, and other network-related tasks. The network operating system acts as an intermediary between the hardware and software components of the network, ensuring smooth communication and coordination between them.

The correct answer is "Capa 6 ó de Presentación". This layer is responsible for encoding data into a format that can be understood by the receiving system. It converts the data from the application layer into a standardized format, such as ASCII or EBCDIC, so that it can be transmitted over the network. This layer also handles data compression and encryption, ensuring that the data is secure and can be efficiently transmitted.

TELNET es un protocolo de red que se utiliza para la comunicación remota entre dispositivos a través de una red IP. Este protocolo se encuentra en la capa de aplicación del modelo OSI, lo que significa que se encarga de proporcionar servicios de comunicación de alto nivel entre las aplicaciones de los dispositivos. La capa de aplicación es la capa más alta del modelo OSI y se encarga de la interacción directa con el usuario final. Por lo tanto, TELNET se encuentra en la capa 7 ó de Aplicación del modelo OSI.