แนวข้อสอบวิชาชีพครูมาตรฐานที่ 4 จิตวิทยาสำหรับครู

The purpose of providing guidance and counseling services in schools is to help students understand and know themselves in all aspects, to help them understand and empathize with others, and to enable them to analyze and solve their own problems. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of the options are correct.

The correct answer is "ถูกทุกข้อ" (all of the above). In counseling psychology, it is essential to consider all aspects mentioned in the options. Understanding oneself helps the counselor provide appropriate guidance and support. Understanding the client's perspective and needs is crucial for effective counseling. Additionally, recognizing the natural expressions and behaviors of individuals can provide insights into their emotions and experiences. Therefore, all three options are important considerations in counseling psychology.

The first priority for someone working in an advisory role is to understand the child. This is because without a proper understanding of the child's needs, challenges, and strengths, it would be difficult to provide effective guidance and support. By understanding the child, the advisor can tailor their approach and recommendations to best meet the child's individual needs and help them navigate any issues they may be facing.

The given answer states that all of the statements are philosophical guidelines. This means that each statement represents a guiding principle or belief that can be used to guide behavior or decision-making. Therefore, the answer suggests that all of the statements are philosophical guidelines.

The correct answer is "การทำนายโชคชะตาราศี" which translates to "predicting horoscope fortune". This option refers to the practice of predicting one's fortune based on their zodiac sign, which is commonly found in astrology. The other options, "การเลือกอาชีพ" (choosing a career), "การเลือกวิชาเรียน" (choosing a course of study), and "การเลือกคู่ครอง" (choosing a partner), do not involve predicting or fortune-telling.

The correct answer is "ชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 4- 6". The explanation for this answer is that the passage states that the person is fully grown and interested in their own body, which suggests that they are an adult. Therefore, the appropriate age range for this would be the high school level, which corresponds to "ชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 4- 6" in Thai education system.

The correct answer is "การให้คำปรึกษา" (providing counseling). This is because the question asks about the main purpose or focus of guidance, and providing counseling is a key aspect of guidance. The other options, such as conducting surveys, organizing individuals, and tracking and evaluating results, may be part of the guidance process but are not the primary focus.

All of the options listed are services related to providing guidance and counseling. Therefore, the correct answer is that all of the options are services that provide guidance and counseling, rather than one option being different from the others.

The question asks for the purpose that is most emphasized when using the technique of observation in guidance. The correct answer, "ปฏิกิริยาของเด็กในปัญหาของเขา" (the child's reaction to their own problems), aligns with the idea that observation can help understand how a child responds to their own difficulties and challenges. This understanding can then inform the guidance and support provided to the child.

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Frank Parson is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the "father of vocational guidance." He was a pioneer in the field of career counseling and developed the concept of matching individuals' interests, skills, and abilities with suitable occupations. Parson's work laid the foundation for modern career counseling practices and his contributions have had a lasting impact on the field.

The question is asking how many types the guidance can be divided into. The correct answer is 3. This implies that there are three different types or categories of guidance.

The basic role of counseling is to help individuals gain a better understanding of themselves. By understanding oneself, individuals can identify their strengths, weaknesses, values, and goals, which can guide them in making informed decisions and taking appropriate actions. This self-awareness is essential for personal growth and development. Therefore, the answer "การเข้าใจตนเอง" (self-understanding) aligns with the fundamental purpose of counseling.

The correct answer is "การแนะนำ" (recommendation). The other options mentioned in the question are "การช่วยเหลือ" (assistance), "กระบวนการทางการศึกษาที่ช่วยให้ บุคคลรู้จัก และเข้าใจตนเองและสิ่งแวดล้อม" (educational process that helps individuals understand themselves and their environment), and "แก้ปัญหาได้ด้วยตนเองและพัฒนาตนเองได้ตามศักยภาพ" (solve problems and develop oneself to one's full potential). These options are related to self-help, self-awareness, problem-solving, and personal development, but they do not match the meaning of "การแนะนำ" which means recommendation.

The question asks for the type of guidance that is not included in the options. The options provided are: educational guidance, career guidance, personal and social guidance, and guidance on adjustment and self-image. The correct answer is "guidance on adjustment and self-image." This means that guidance on adjustment and self-image is not a type of guidance mentioned in the options.

The correct answer is "ก. การสังเกตอย่างไม่เป็นทางการ". This means that the teacher should not rely on informal or casual observations when trying to help or guide a student in the classroom. Instead, they should use more formal and structured methods of observation to accurately assess the needs and behaviors of the student.

The main objectives of guidance counseling are to prevent, address, and develop. This means that the counselor aims to prevent issues, such as academic or personal problems, from arising or worsening. They also work to address and resolve any existing issues or challenges that the individual may be facing. Lastly, the counselor aims to help the individual develop and grow, both academically and personally, by providing guidance and support in areas such as education, career, and personal and social development.

The given question asks for the country that is considered the "motherland" or origin of guidance. The correct answer is "อเมริกา" (America). This is because America is often seen as a leading nation in terms of providing guidance and setting trends in various aspects such as culture, technology, and politics. It is known for its influential role in shaping global trends and influencing other countries' policies and practices.

The teacher in charge of the class or the registration department staff should be responsible for collecting and recording general information about the students. This is because they are directly involved in the administrative tasks of the school and have access to the necessary documents and systems to accurately record and maintain the students' records. Additionally, they are familiar with the students and their schedules, making them suitable candidates for this responsibility.

The role of counseling is based on the philosophy of respecting the dignity and worth of individuals. Counseling aims to honor and value each person's intrinsic worth and promote their overall well-being. This includes recognizing and appreciating their unique qualities, experiences, and perspectives. By respecting the dignity and worth of individuals, counseling can create a safe and supportive environment where clients feel valued and empowered to explore and address their concerns and challenges.

The correct answer is "ห้องแผนกทะเบียนและวัดผล" because it specifically mentions a room dedicated to storing records. The other options, such as the teacher's room, guidance room, and classroom, do not specifically mention being used for record-keeping. Therefore, the room in the "ห้องแผนกทะเบียนและวัดผล" is the most suitable place for storing the records.

การสร้างสายสัมพันธ์เป็นสิ่งสำคัญที่สุดที่จะทำให้การสัมภาษณ์ในการแนะแนวดำเนินไปได้ด้วยดี เพราะการสร้างสายสัมพันธ์ที่ดีจะช่วยให้เราสร้างความไว้วางใจและความสนใจจากผู้สัมภาษณ์ นอกจากนี้การสร้างสายสัมพันธ์ยังช่วยให้เราสามารถสื่อสารและเชื่อมโยงความสัมพันธ์กับผู้สัมภาษณ์ได้อย่างเหมาะสม ทำให้การสัมภาษณ์เป็นไปได้ด้วยความราบรื่นและเป็นประสบการณ์ที่ดีทั้งสองฝ่าย

The question asks for the purpose that is most emphasized when using the technique of observation in guidance. Out of the given options, "ปฏิกิริยาของเด็กในปัญหาของเขา" (the reaction of the child in their own problem) is the most relevant purpose for using observation in guidance. This suggests that the technique of observation is used to understand how a child reacts and behaves in their own problems or difficulties, which can provide valuable insights for guiding and supporting them effectively.

The answer suggests that the interviewer always ensures that the interviewee is engaged in the conversation by asking questions and making comments that prompt a response. This shows that the interviewer values active participation and wants to create a positive and interactive atmosphere during the interview.

สังคมมิติ เป็นเครื่องมือสำหรับหาโครงสร้างทางสังคมระหว่างเด็กๆ ในชั้นเรียนว่าจับกลุ่มหรือสัมพันธ์กันอย่างไร มีการรวมกลุ่มหรือแตกแยกกันหรือไม่ วิธีการศึกษานักเรียนเพื่อพัฒนาทางสังคมของนักเรียนสามารถทำได้ โดยการใช้ แบบการสร้างภาพสังคม

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The correct answer is "ด้านอาชีพ" (in the field of career). This is because the question asks about the initial guidance or advice, and in the context of career development, it is common to receive guidance and advice about choosing a career path, setting goals, and developing the necessary skills and qualifications.

เพื่อทราบข้อมูลเบื้องต้นเกี่ยวกับตัวเด็กในระยะเวลาที่รวดเร็ว เราสามารถใช้เทคนิคการสังเกตได้มากที่สุด เนื่องจากการสังเกตจะช่วยให้เราสามารถสังเกตุปัจจัยต่างๆ เช่น พฤติกรรม การเคลื่อนไหว สภาพอารมณ์ และอื่นๆ ที่อาจช่วยให้เราเข้าใจความเป็นไปได้ของเด็กได้มากขึ้น ซึ่งเป็นข้อมูลที่สำคัญในการวิเคราะห์และประเมินสภาพการเจริญเติบโตของเด็กในระยะเวลาที่รวดเร็วได้เป็นอย่างดี

"การร่วมแก้ปัญหา" translates to "problem-solving collaboration" which is a technique used to solve problems by involving multiple individuals or teams. The other options, "สร้างความคุ้นเคย" (creating familiarity), "การให้ความกระจ่าง" (providing clarity), and "การเงียบ" (being quiet), are not specific techniques for giving advice or providing guidance. Therefore, "การร่วมแก้ปัญหา" is the correct answer as it does not fall under the category of techniques for giving advice.

The given question asks for a technique that requires the expertise of specialists and cannot be performed by regular teachers. The correct answer is "แบบทดสอบ" (testing). This technique involves designing and administering tests to assess the knowledge and skills of individuals. Creating valid and reliable tests requires expertise in test construction, item analysis, and interpretation of test results, which may be beyond the capabilities of regular teachers who may not have specialized training in assessment.