Year 9 Revision Quiz

The term "gene" refers to a section of a chromosome that controls inherited characteristics of an organism. Genes are responsible for transmitting traits from parents to offspring and play a crucial role in determining various physical and behavioral characteristics. They contain the instructions for building and maintaining an organism, and variations in genes can lead to differences in traits among individuals. This definition aligns with the understanding of genes in biology and genetics.

Sex cells, also known as gametes, are specialized cells that are involved in sexual reproduction. They are responsible for transferring genetic information from the parents to the offspring. During fertilization, the male and female gametes combine, resulting in the formation of a zygote with a unique combination of genes from both parents. This genetic transfer ensures genetic diversity and variation in the offspring, which is essential for the survival and evolution of a species. Therefore, the statement "Sex cells are specialized to transfer genes from parents to offspring" is true.

A hybrid is an animal that is the offspring of parents from two different species. This means that the parents of the hybrid belong to different species, but they are able to reproduce and produce offspring together. The hybrid will typically have a combination of traits from both parent species, exhibiting characteristics from each. This process of crossbreeding between two different species can result in unique and diverse offspring with a combination of genetic traits from each parent.

Fertilization occurs in the oviduct, also known as the fallopian tube. This is where the sperm and egg meet, allowing for the fusion of genetic material and the formation of a zygote. The oviduct provides a suitable environment for the fertilized egg to travel towards the uterus for implantation and further development.

The given descriptions of mutations include "Changes in genes" and "In science fiction, can cause super POWERS." Mutations refer to changes in the genetic material, specifically alterations in the DNA sequence. These changes can occur naturally or be induced by external factors such as radiation or chemicals. In science fiction, mutations are often portrayed as a source of extraordinary abilities or superpowers in characters.