Christmas Tree And Wellhead Quiz

The MAWP of a wellhead refers to the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure. This term represents the highest pressure level that the wellhead can safely handle during operation. It is crucial to adhere to this limit to prevent any potential damage or failure of the wellhead equipment. The MAWP ensures the safety and integrity of the wellhead system by establishing a maximum pressure threshold that should not be exceeded. The other options, Minimum Allowable Working Pressure and None of these, are incorrect as they do not accurately define the MAWP of a wellhead.

The correct answer states that the MASTER Valve should never be used to shut the well in while it is flowing unless it is an emergency. This is because shutting the well in while it is flowing can lead to various issues such as high pressure buildup, equipment damage, and safety hazards. It is important to only use the MASTER Valve to shut the well in during emergency situations to prevent any potential risks or damages.

The statement is true because SITP (Shut-in Tubing Pressure) is indeed read at the pressure indicator located at the top of the tree when the well is shut in. When the well is not producing or flowing, the pressure in the tubing is measured at the surface using the pressure indicator on top of the tree. This measurement helps in monitoring the pressure buildup in the wellbore and is crucial for evaluating the well's integrity and determining any potential issues.

The statement is true because the SSV (Safety Shut-off Valve) must be closed within 45 seconds of activating an ESD (Emergency Shutdown). This is a safety measure to quickly shut off the flow of a hazardous substance or prevent any potential danger in case of an emergency situation. By closing the SSV within the specified time frame, it ensures prompt action to mitigate risks and protect the system or facility.

A choke is used to control the amount of reservoir flow allowed downstream of the wellhead. It is a valve that can be adjusted to regulate the flow rate of fluids, such as oil or gas, from the reservoir. By narrowing or widening the choke opening, the flow rate can be increased or decreased, providing control over the production levels. This allows operators to optimize production and manage pressure in the reservoir.

The bottom MASTER Valve being the first valve in the vertical run of the tree is true. This means that the master valve, which controls the flow of water or fluid in the tree, is located at the bottom and is the first valve encountered in the vertical arrangement of valves.

The given answer is true. The wing valve is indeed located on the horizontal run of the tree and it is the first valve that is closed in order to manually shut off the flow from the reservoir.

Both answers are correct because the purpose of a wellhead is to furnish surface control, both manually and automatically, as well as provide containment of well fluids and downhole access for well servicing.

Wellheads offshore typically consist of gate valves. Gate valves are commonly used in oil and gas industry applications, including wellheads, due to their ability to provide a tight seal and control the flow of fluids. They have a gate or wedge-shaped disc that slides in and out of the flow stream, allowing for precise control of the fluid flow. Plug valves and ball valves are also used in the industry, but gate valves are specifically mentioned in the context of wellheads offshore.

Casing valves are primarily used to access different casing strings in order to monitor the pressure. This allows for the monitoring and control of the well's pressure levels, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the operation. By having access to the different casing strings, operators can make adjustments and take necessary actions to maintain optimal pressure conditions in the well. This is crucial for preventing any potential issues or emergencies that may arise during the drilling or production process.

The primary use of the Master Valve is to isolate the well-pressure from the SSV for repairs or, as a last resort, to stop the flow of the well stream when all other valves fail to do so. The Master Valve acts as a final barrier to prevent the flow of fluids from the well, ensuring safety and allowing for maintenance or emergency situations.

In normal operations, it is recommended to close the wing valve first before closing the master valve. This is because the wing valve is located closer to the equipment being controlled, such as a pump or a tank, and closing it first helps prevent any sudden surges or pressure changes that could occur if the master valve is closed first. By closing the wing valve first, it allows for a more controlled shut-off process and reduces the risk of damage or accidents.

When a well is used for gas lift, the annular "casing pressure" is not called casing pressure. This is because gas lift is a method used to lift fluids from a well by injecting gas into the production tubing. In this process, the casing pressure is not relevant as the focus is on the gas injection and lift mechanism. Therefore, under the condition of gas lift, the annular "casing pressure" is not considered as casing pressure.

The SSV (Surface Safety Valve) is positioned as the second valve in the vertical run of the tree. This suggests that there is another valve, most likely the first valve, located above the SSV. The positioning of the SSV as the second valve is important for safety reasons, as it allows for better control and isolation of the well during surface operations.

The correct answer is False. The Casing Valve is not used to gain access to the wellhead for downhole well servicing. It is actually used to isolate the casing string from the wellbore, allowing for pressure testing and control during drilling operations.