Water System, Drainage Basins & Flooding
Quiz to assess recall and understanding of key terms & concepts covered in the first topics of Freshwater: Issues & conflicts
- 1.Which of the following components is not a part of the global hydrological cycle?
- A.
Precipitation
- B.
Evaporation
- C.
Insolation
- D.
Condensation
- 2.Which of the following correctly describes the distribution of the Earth's water?
- A.
Oceans 94.7%, Ice & Glaciers 2.3%, Underground 3.0%, remainder in fresh surface water.
- B.
Oceans 97.4%, Ice & Glaciers 0.6%, Underground 1.9%, remainder in fresh surface water.
- C.
Oceans 97.4%, Ice & Glaciers 2.0%, Underground 0.59%, remainder in fresh surface water.
- D.
Oceans 94.7%, Ice & Glaciers 2.0%, Underground 0.59%, remainder in fresh surface water.
- 3.Eustatic refers to .....
- A.
Expansion of water
- B.
Increased elevation of land
- C.
Greater evaporation
- D.
Changes in sea level
- 4.The following list of drainage basin components are all classified as stores
- A.
Groundwater, Water table, Percolation
- B.
Interception, Soil Moisture, Groundwater
- C.
Stemflow, Interception, Evapotranspiration
- D.
Infiltration, Surface Storage, Percolation
- 5.The following list of drainage basin components are all classified as flows/transfers
- A.
Infiltration, Percolation, Stemflow, Surface Runoff
- B.
Precipitation, Interflow, Surface Runoff, Channel Flow
- C.
Throughflow, Baseflow, Interception, Transpiration
- D.
Percolation, Soil Moisture, Evaporation, Isostatic adjustment
- 6.Soil moisture deficit is the situation where;
- A.
Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.
- B.
Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.
- C.
Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.
- D.
Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.
- 7.Soil moisture recharge is the situation where;
- A.
Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.
- B.
Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.
- C.
Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.
- D.
Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.
- 8.Soil moisture surplus is the situation where;
- A.
Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.
- B.
Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.
- C.
Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.
- D.
Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.
- 9.Soil moisture utilization is the situation where:
- A.
Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.
- B.
Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.
- C.
Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.
- D.
Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.
- 10.
On the soil moisture budget graph below soil moisture deficit can be seen in which months?- A.
January, February, March, April
- B.
August, September, October, November
- C.
April, May, June, July
- D.
June, July, August, September
- 11.
On the soil moisture budget graph below, soil moisture recharge can be seen in which months?
- A.
July & August
- B.
September & October
- C.
November & December
- D.
February & March
- 12.
On the Flood Hydrograph below, Peak Discharge is labelled -
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
E
- F.
F
- 13.
On the Flood Hydrograph below, Lag Time is labelled as -
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
E
- F.
F
- 14.
In the graph below, both Locations experience the same precipitation event. The urban area is likely to be -
- A.
Location B, because streams in urban areas typically don't have as much discharge as streams in the countryside
- B.
Location A, because there is a long lag time due to high rates of infiltration.
- C.
Location B, because the water takes longer to drain away
- D.
Location A, because urban areas with their hard surfaces produce high peak discharge quite rapidly.
- 15.Which of the following is not a type of erosion?
- A.
Attrition
- B.
Traction
- C.
Corrasion
- D.
Hydraulic Action
- 16.Which of the following is not a type of transportation?
- A.
Solution
- B.
Traction
- C.
Saltation
- D.
Corrosion
- 17.
The fluvial landform in the picture below would be best described as a
- A.
Levee
- B.
Oxbow Lake
- C.
Meander
- D.
Terrace
- 18.
The fluvial landform in the picture below would be best described as a
- A.
Delta
- B.
Meander
- C.
Flood plain
- D.
Braided Stream
- 19.
The fluvial landform in the picture below would be best described as a
- A.
Arcuate Delta
- B.
Birdsfoot Delta
- C.
Cuspate Delta
- D.
Southern Delta
- 20.
The fluvial landform shown in the picture below would be best described as
- A.
V-Shaped Valley
- B.
Interlocking spurs
- C.
Meanders
- D.
Flood plain
- 21.
The fluvial landform shown in the picture below would be best described as
- A.
Meander
- B.
Terrace
- C.
Floodplain
- D.
Oxbow Lake
- 22.Competence in a stream is
- A.
A measure of the volume of load a stream is able to transport.
- B.
A measure of a stream's ability to erode its bed and banks.
- C.
A measure of the combined velocity and volume of water.
- D.
A measure of the size of load a stream is able to transport.
- 23.
On the flow chart below, infiltration is labelled as -
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
- E.
E
- 24.
On the flow chart below, the component labelled E would be,
- A.
Stem flow
- B.
Groundwater flow
- C.
Throughflow
- D.
Surface Runoff
- 25.
Use the graph below to help you answer the following question. For a particle of sand that is 0.5mm across, what process is likely to be happening if the stream is flowing at 10cm/sec?
- A.
Attrition
- B.
Traction
- C.
Suspension
- D.
Corrasion
.png "On the Flood Hydrograph below, Lag Time is labelled as -")
.jpg "On the flow chart below, the component labelled E would be,")
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