Water System, Drainage Basins & Flooding

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Water System, Drainage Basins & Flooding - Quiz

Quiz to assess recall and understanding of key terms & concepts covered in the first topics of Freshwater: Issues & conflicts


Questions and Answers
  • 1. 
    Which of the following components is not a part of the global hydrological cycle?
    • A. 

      Precipitation

    • B. 

      Evaporation

    • C. 

      Insolation

    • D. 

      Condensation

  • 2. 
    Which of the following correctly describes the distribution of the Earth's water?
    • A. 

      Oceans 94.7%, Ice & Glaciers 2.3%, Underground 3.0%, remainder in fresh surface water.

    • B. 

      Oceans 97.4%, Ice & Glaciers 0.6%, Underground 1.9%, remainder in fresh surface water.

    • C. 

      Oceans 97.4%, Ice & Glaciers 2.0%, Underground 0.59%, remainder in fresh surface water.

    • D. 

      Oceans 94.7%, Ice & Glaciers 2.0%, Underground 0.59%, remainder in fresh surface water.

  • 3. 
    Eustatic refers to .....
    • A. 

      Expansion of water

    • B. 

      Increased elevation of land

    • C. 

      Greater evaporation

    • D. 

      Changes in sea level

  • 4. 
    The following list of drainage basin components are all classified as stores
    • A. 

      Groundwater, Water table, Percolation

    • B. 

      Interception, Soil Moisture, Groundwater

    • C. 

      Stemflow, Interception, Evapotranspiration

    • D. 

      Infiltration, Surface Storage, Percolation

  • 5. 
    The following list of drainage basin components are all classified as flows/transfers
    • A. 

      Infiltration, Percolation, Stemflow, Surface Runoff

    • B. 

      Precipitation, Interflow, Surface Runoff, Channel Flow

    • C. 

      Throughflow, Baseflow, Interception, Transpiration

    • D. 

      Percolation, Soil Moisture, Evaporation, Isostatic adjustment

  • 6. 
    Soil moisture deficit is the situation where;
    • A. 

      Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.

    • B. 

      Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.

    • C. 

      Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.

    • D. 

      Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.

  • 7. 
    Soil moisture recharge is the situation where;
    • A. 

      Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.

    • B. 

      Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.

    • C. 

      Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.

    • D. 

      Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.

  • 8. 
    Soil moisture surplus is the situation where;
    • A. 

      Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.

    • B. 

      Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.

    • C. 

      Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.

    • D. 

      Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.

  • 9. 
    Soil moisture utilization is the situation where: 
    • A. 

      Evaporation rates have begun to exceed precipitation and draws off excess moisture in the soil that accumulated when precipitation was higher.

    • B. 

      Having experienced a period where precipitation exceeds evaporation and moisture deficits have been made up, the soil accrues more moisture than it can hold.

    • C. 

      Rates of evaporation have exceeded precipitation, and surplus soil moisture has been all used up.

    • D. 

      Having experienced a period where evaporation has exceeded precipitation and moisture in the soil has been depleted, precipitation becomes greater than evaporation and the soil starts filling up again.

  • 10. 
    On the soil moisture budget graph below soil moisture deficit can be seen in which months?
    • A. 

      January, February, March, April

    • B. 

      August, September, October, November

    • C. 

      April, May, June, July

    • D. 

      June, July, August, September

  • 11. 
    On the soil moisture budget graph below, soil moisture recharge can be seen in which months?
    • A. 

      July & August

    • B. 

      September & October

    • C. 

      November & December

    • D. 

      February & March

  • 12. 
    On the Flood Hydrograph below, Peak Discharge is labelled -
    • A. 

      A

    • B. 

      B

    • C. 

      C

    • D. 

      D

    • E. 

      E

    • F. 

      F

  • 13. 
    On the Flood Hydrograph below, Lag Time is labelled as -
    • A. 

      A

    • B. 

      B

    • C. 

      C

    • D. 

      D

    • E. 

      E

    • F. 

      F

  • 14. 
    In the graph below, both Locations experience the same precipitation event.  The urban area is likely to be -
    • A. 

      Location B, because streams in urban areas typically don't have as much discharge as streams in the countryside

    • B. 

      Location A, because there is a long lag time due to high rates of infiltration.

    • C. 

      Location B, because the water takes longer to drain away

    • D. 

      Location A, because urban areas with their hard surfaces produce high peak discharge quite rapidly.

  • 15. 
    Which of the following is not a type of erosion?
    • A. 

      Attrition

    • B. 

      Traction

    • C. 

      Corrasion

    • D. 

      Hydraulic Action

  • 16. 
    Which of the following is not a type of transportation?
    • A. 

      Solution

    • B. 

      Traction

    • C. 

      Saltation

    • D. 

      Corrosion

  • 17. 
    The fluvial landform in the picture below would be best described as a
    • A. 

      Levee

    • B. 

      Oxbow Lake

    • C. 

      Meander

    • D. 

      Terrace

  • 18. 
    The fluvial landform in the picture below would be best described as a
    • A. 

      Delta

    • B. 

      Meander

    • C. 

      Flood plain

    • D. 

      Braided Stream

  • 19. 
    The fluvial landform in the picture below would be best described as a
    • A. 

      Arcuate Delta

    • B. 

      Birdsfoot Delta

    • C. 

      Cuspate Delta

    • D. 

      Southern Delta

  • 20. 
    The fluvial landform shown in the picture below would be best described as
    • A. 

      V-Shaped Valley

    • B. 

      Interlocking spurs

    • C. 

      Meanders

    • D. 

      Flood plain

  • 21. 
    The fluvial landform shown in the picture below would be best described as
    • A. 

      Meander

    • B. 

      Terrace

    • C. 

      Floodplain

    • D. 

      Oxbow Lake

  • 22. 
    Competence in a stream is
    • A. 

      A measure of the volume of load a stream is able to transport.

    • B. 

      A measure of a stream's ability to erode its bed and banks.

    • C. 

      A measure of the combined velocity and volume of water.

    • D. 

      A measure of the size of load a stream is able to transport.

  • 23. 
    On the flow chart below, infiltration is labelled as -
    • A. 

      A

    • B. 

      B

    • C. 

      C

    • D. 

      D

    • E. 

      E

  • 24. 
    On the flow chart below, the component labelled E would be,
    • A. 

      Stem flow

    • B. 

      Groundwater flow

    • C. 

      Throughflow

    • D. 

      Surface Runoff

  • 25. 
    Use the graph below to help you answer the following question. For a particle of sand that is 0.5mm across, what process is likely to be happening if the stream is flowing at 10cm/sec?
    • A. 

      Attrition

    • B. 

      Traction

    • C. 

      Suspension

    • D. 

      Corrasion

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