Unit 2 Chemical Reaction Post Test

Explanation
The word "atomos" in Greek means "unable to be cut". This refers to the ancient Greek belief that atoms are indivisible and cannot be divided into smaller parts. This concept of indivisibility is a fundamental characteristic of atoms in the field of chemistry. Therefore, the correct answer is "Unable to be cut".

Explanation
The three subatomic particles that make up atoms are protons, electrons, and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge and are located in the nucleus of an atom. Electrons have a negative charge and orbit around the nucleus. Neutrons have no charge and are also located in the nucleus. These three particles work together to determine the properties and behavior of an atom.

Explanation
Protons are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, and they have a positive charge. They are equal in magnitude but opposite in charge to electrons, which are negatively charged. The positive charge of protons is what balances out the negative charge of electrons in an atom, making it electrically neutral overall.

Explanation
Neutrons have no charge because they are electrically neutral. Unlike protons, which have a positive charge, and electrons, which have a negative charge, neutrons do not possess any charge. They are composed of quarks, specifically two down quarks and one up quark, which balance out each other's charges and result in a net charge of zero. This lack of charge allows neutrons to interact with other particles in unique ways, such as participating in nuclear reactions without being repelled or attracted by electromagnetic forces.

Explanation
Electrons have a negative charge. This is because electrons are subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom and carry a negative electrical charge. The negative charge of electrons is equal in magnitude to the positive charge of protons, which are the other subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The overall charge of an atom is determined by the balance between the number of protons and electrons it contains.

Explanation
The nucleus in an atom is made up of protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge and are responsible for determining the atomic number of an element. Neutrons have no charge and are responsible for adding mass to the atom. Electrons, on the other hand, are found outside the nucleus in electron shells and have a negative charge. Therefore, the correct answer is protons and neutrons.

Explanation
Protons and neutrons have the same mass because they both contribute to the atomic mass of an atom. Electrons, on the other hand, have a significantly smaller mass compared to protons and neutrons. Therefore, protons and neutrons have the same mass, while electrons have a much smaller mass.

Explanation
Electrons are in constant motion in the space surrounding the nucleus. This is based on the Bohr model of the atom, which states that electrons exist in specific energy levels or shells around the nucleus. These electrons move rapidly within their respective energy levels, creating a cloud-like region of probability where they are most likely to be found. This motion is essential for the stability and behavior of atoms, as it allows for the formation of chemical bonds and the interaction of atoms with their surroundings.

Explanation
Atoms have an equal number of electrons and protons. Electrons are negatively charged particles found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom, while protons are positively charged particles located in the nucleus. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons, ensuring overall electrical neutrality.