Stns Practice Exam 2

If a NA suspects abuse, the appropriate action would be to report it to the supervisor. This is important because the supervisor is responsible for ensuring the safety and well-being of the residents. By reporting the suspicions, the supervisor can initiate an investigation and take necessary steps to protect the resident from any potential harm. Keeping the suspicions to oneself or discussing it with others may delay or hinder the appropriate intervention, while discussing it with the resident's family may not always be the best course of action as they may be involved in the abuse or may not be able to address the issue effectively.

CVA stands for cerebrovascular accident, which refers to a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain, resulting in damage to brain cells. This condition is commonly known as a stroke. The term "cerebrovascular" indicates that the accident involves the blood vessels supplying the brain. Therefore, "cerebrovascular accident" is the correct answer as it accurately describes the medical condition.

The correct answer is "Hepatitis B Virus." HBV is an abbreviation for Hepatitis B Virus, which is a viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic diseases. It is transmitted through contact with the blood or other body fluids of an infected person. The virus can lead to serious health complications, including liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Vaccination is available to prevent HBV infection.

The acronym RACE stands for the four steps to be followed in case of a fire emergency: Rescue, Alarm, Contain, and Extinguish. The first step is to rescue individuals who may be in immediate danger, followed by sounding the alarm to alert others. The next step is to contain the fire by closing doors or using fire extinguishers if safe to do so. Finally, the fire is extinguished using appropriate methods. In this context, "rescue" and "remove" are interchangeable as they both involve saving people from harm.

CC stands for cubic centimeter. A cubic centimeter is a unit of volume in the metric system. It is equal to the volume of a cube with sides measuring one centimeter. The abbreviation "CC" is commonly used in various fields such as medicine, engineering, and automotive industries to denote small volumes, particularly in measuring the capacity of containers or the displacement of engines.

I/O stands for input and output, which refers to the process of receiving data (intake) and sending data (output) between a computer and its external devices or peripherals. This term is commonly used in computer science and technology to describe the communication between a computer system and the outside world.

B.I.D. is an abbreviation used in medical prescriptions and it stands for "bis in die," which is Latin for "twice a day." Therefore, the correct answer is "two times a day."

The Heimlich Maneuver is a first-aid procedure specifically designed to help individuals who are choking. It involves applying pressure to the abdomen to create a strong upward force, which can dislodge an object blocking the airway and allow the person to breathe again. This technique is particularly useful in situations where someone is unable to speak or breathe due to an obstruction in their throat. By performing the Heimlich Maneuver, it is possible to quickly and effectively clear the airway and prevent potentially life-threatening complications.

The care team develops a plan of care for each resident. This team is responsible for assessing the needs of the resident and creating a personalized plan that addresses their specific care requirements. The team may include healthcare professionals such as doctors, nurses, therapists, and social workers who work together to ensure that the resident receives the necessary care and support. This plan of care serves as a guide for providing quality and individualized care to each resident.

When a resident has a complaint, it is important for the nursing assistant to report it. Reporting the complaint ensures that the concern is documented and brought to the attention of the appropriate individuals, such as the supervisor or the healthcare team. This allows for proper investigation and resolution of the complaint, ensuring the resident's well-being and satisfaction. It also helps in maintaining a safe and supportive environment for all residents.

If an NA observes or suspects abuse by anyone, the abuse must be reported to the charge nurse. This is important because reporting abuse ensures that appropriate actions can be taken to protect the victim and prevent further harm. By reporting the abuse to the charge nurse, the NA is following the proper protocol and ensuring that the incident is documented and addressed by the appropriate authorities. This helps maintain the safety and well-being of the individuals involved.

Before entering a resident's room, it is important to knock. This is a common courtesy and respectful behavior to ensure that the resident is aware of your presence and has the opportunity to give permission for you to enter. Knocking also allows the resident to have some privacy and time to prepare themselves before you enter their space. It is a basic etiquette to knock before entering someone's room.

Contractures are caused by the shortening or tightening of muscles or tendons. This can occur due to various reasons such as prolonged immobility, muscle weakness, or neurological conditions. When muscles or tendons become shortened or tight, it restricts the normal range of motion of the affected joint, leading to stiffness and reduced flexibility. Contractures can be painful and can significantly impact a person's ability to perform daily activities. Treatment for contractures may involve physical therapy, stretching exercises, splinting, or in severe cases, surgical intervention.

To protect residents and staff from infection, people with contagious diseases need to be isolated. This means separating them from others to prevent the spread of the disease. Isolation helps to minimize the risk of transmission and ensures the safety of everyone involved. By isolating individuals with contagious diseases, the chances of infecting others are significantly reduced, allowing for better control and containment of the disease.

After washing hands, turning off the faucet with a paper towel helps to maintain hygiene and prevent the spread of germs. Using a paper towel acts as a barrier between our hands and the faucet, reducing the chances of recontamination. Additionally, paper towels are disposable, making it easy to discard them after use, further minimizing the risk of cross-contamination.

Vital signs are important indicators of a person's overall health and well-being. They provide information about the body's basic functions and can help healthcare professionals assess a patient's condition. Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure are all vital signs that are routinely measured in medical settings. Monitoring these vital signs can help detect any abnormalities or changes in a person's health status, allowing for timely intervention if necessary.

The three observations mentioned, rate, rhythm, and strength, are commonly used to measure the pulse. Rate refers to the number of beats per minute, rhythm refers to the regularity of the beats, and strength refers to the force or intensity of each beat. These three observations provide valuable information about the pulse and can help in assessing a person's overall cardiovascular health.

The pulse that is felt in the wrist is called the radial pulse. The radial artery runs along the thumb side of the wrist and is easily accessible, making it a common site for checking the pulse.

The systolic pressure is the correct answer because it refers to the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and pumps blood out. This is the highest pressure recorded during a blood pressure measurement and is typically the first sound heard when using a stethoscope. The systolic pressure is an important indicator of the force exerted on the arterial walls and can provide valuable information about cardiovascular health.

Diastolic pressure refers to the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest or between beats. During this phase, the heart relaxes and fills with blood, allowing the blood to flow into the arteries. Diastolic pressure is an important measurement in blood pressure readings as it indicates the pressure exerted on the arterial walls when the heart is not actively contracting.

Arteriosclerosis refers to the condition where the arteries become thickened and hardened. This occurs due to the accumulation of plaque, made up of cholesterol, fat, and other substances, on the inner walls of the arteries. As a result, the arteries lose their elasticity and flexibility, leading to reduced blood flow and potential complications such as heart attacks and strokes. Therefore, the correct answer is arteries.

Dysphagia refers to the condition where a person experiences difficulty with swallowing. This can include problems with moving food or liquid from the mouth to the stomach, leading to choking, coughing, or a sensation of food getting stuck in the throat. Dysphagia can be caused by various factors such as muscle weakness, nerve damage, or structural abnormalities in the throat or esophagus. It can significantly impact a person's ability to eat and drink safely, and may require medical intervention or dietary modifications to manage.

Falls are the leading causes of injury to the elderly. This is because as people age, their balance and coordination may decline, making them more prone to falling. Additionally, older adults may have weaker bones and muscles, making them more susceptible to fractures and injuries from falls. Environmental factors such as uneven surfaces, poor lighting, and clutter can also contribute to falls in the elderly. Therefore, it is important to take preventive measures and provide a safe living environment for older adults to reduce the risk of falls and subsequent injuries.

The correct answer is "assess". In any emergency, the first step is to assess the situation. This involves evaluating the severity of the emergency, identifying any immediate dangers or hazards, and determining the appropriate course of action. Assessing the situation helps in making informed decisions and taking necessary steps to address the emergency effectively.

First aid is given to prevent death or to keep injuries from getting worse until medical help arrives. It involves providing immediate medical assistance and basic care to someone who is injured or ill. First aid can include actions such as applying pressure to stop bleeding, performing CPR, or immobilizing a broken bone. It is important to administer first aid promptly and correctly to increase the chances of survival and minimize further harm to the individual.

The correct answer is "call light". A call light is a device that allows a resident to easily call for assistance when needed. It is important to always leave a call light within easy reach of the resident so that they can quickly and easily alert staff if they require any help or assistance. This ensures their safety and well-being by providing them with a means to communicate their needs effectively.

In case of a fire, it is important to stay calm and take immediate action to remove and rescue residents. This means evacuating them from the area of danger and ensuring their safety. Removing residents involves getting them out of the building or area affected by the fire, while rescuing them may involve providing assistance to those who are unable to evacuate on their own or are trapped. By taking these actions, the priority is to protect and save the lives of the residents.

The immune system is responsible for protecting the body from harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites that can cause infections and diseases. It is designed to recognize and eliminate these foreign invaders, keeping the body healthy and functioning properly. Therefore, infection and disease are the correct answers as they accurately describe what the immune system defends against.

One ounce is equal to 30 cubic centimeters. This conversion is based on the fact that 1 ounce is equivalent to 28.35 grams, and 1 gram is equal to 1 cubic centimeter. Therefore, by multiplying 28.35 grams by 1 cubic centimeter per gram, we get the conversion factor of 28.35 cubic centimeters per ounce. Rounding it off, we can say that 1 ounce is approximately equal to 30 cubic centimeters.

Fluid measurements are recorded in cubic centimeters. Cubic centimeters is a unit of volume commonly used to measure the quantity of a fluid. It is derived from the metric system and is equivalent to the volume of a cube with sides measuring one centimeter. This unit is particularly useful for measuring small volumes of fluids accurately, such as in medical or scientific applications.

The information about residents is confidential, meaning it is private and should not be shared with others without proper authorization. This ensures the privacy and security of the residents' personal information, protecting them from potential harm or misuse.

The word "resident" suggests that the context is related to individuals living in a certain place or community. The phrase "filing grievances without interference or reprisal" indicates that residents have the ability to raise complaints or concerns without facing any negative consequences. Therefore, the correct answer is "rights," as it encompasses the idea of individuals having the freedom to exercise their entitlements without fear of retaliation.

Isolation protects residents and staff from infection by preventing the spread of contagious diseases. When individuals are isolated, they are kept separate from others who may be infected, reducing the risk of transmission. This is particularly important in healthcare settings, where vulnerable populations and healthcare workers can be at a higher risk of contracting infections. Isolation measures such as wearing personal protective equipment, practicing proper hygiene, and maintaining physical distance can help minimize the chances of infection transmission.

Excessive thirst may be a symptom of diabetes. Diabetes is a medical condition characterized by high blood sugar levels. When blood sugar levels are elevated, the kidneys work harder to filter and absorb the excess glucose, leading to increased urine production. This excessive urination can cause dehydration, leading to a constant feeling of thirst. Therefore, excessive thirst can be an indication of diabetes.

Bony areas of the body are at high risk of developing pressure sores and decubitus ulcers. Pressure sores, also known as decubitus ulcers, occur when there is prolonged pressure on a specific area of the body, often over a bony prominence. The pressure restricts blood flow to the area, leading to tissue damage and the formation of sores. Bony areas are particularly susceptible to these ulcers because they have less padding and are more likely to be in direct contact with surfaces, causing increased pressure. Therefore, it is important to provide proper support and regular repositioning to prevent the development of pressure sores and decubitus ulcers in these areas.

Body mechanics refers to the way we use our bodies to perform tasks, such as lifting. It involves proper posture, balance, and alignment to minimize the risk of injury and strain on muscles and joints. By using correct body mechanics, individuals can maintain stability, distribute weight evenly, and engage the appropriate muscles, thereby reducing the likelihood of accidents or physical discomfort while lifting.

Good lifting techniques help prevent injuries by promoting proper body mechanics, reducing strain on muscles and joints, and minimizing the risk of accidents or overexertion. By using correct lifting techniques such as bending the knees, keeping the back straight, and using the legs to lift rather than the back, individuals can avoid strains, sprains, and other injuries that may occur during lifting activities. Additionally, following safe lifting practices such as using equipment or assistance when needed and avoiding lifting heavy loads alone can further reduce the risk of injuries.

To lift objects safely, it is important to keep your back straight and your knees bent. This position helps to distribute the weight of the object evenly and reduces the strain on your back muscles. By keeping your knees bent, you engage the muscles in your legs, which are stronger and more capable of handling the load. This also helps to maintain stability and balance while lifting, minimizing the risk of injury to your back.

Thermometers are used to measure temperature and body heat. Temperature refers to the degree of hotness or coldness of an object or environment, and thermometers are specifically designed to measure this. Body heat, on the other hand, is the internal heat produced by living organisms, including humans. Thermometers are commonly used in medical settings to measure body temperature and monitor fever or hypothermia. Therefore, both temperature and body heat can be accurately measured using thermometers.

Dehydration occurs when there is an insufficient amount of fluid in the body. In other words, it happens when there is too little fluid.

The average pulse rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute. In this case, the range of the average pulse rate is between 60 and 80 beats per minute. This means that a normal resting pulse rate can fall anywhere within this range.

The correct answer is 14; 20. This range represents the average respiration rate per minute. The respiration rate refers to the number of breaths a person takes in one minute. The average range of 14 to 20 breaths per minute is considered normal for adults at rest.

The average oral temperature is commonly considered to be 98.6 degrees. This is a widely accepted average temperature for a healthy adult when measured orally.

The radial pulse is measured at the wrist. This is because the radial artery, which is one of the major arteries in the body, runs along the wrist. By placing two fingers (usually the index and middle fingers) on the wrist, one can feel the pulsation caused by the contraction of the heart and the flow of blood through the radial artery. This measurement is commonly used to assess the heart rate and rhythm, as well as to evaluate the overall cardiovascular health of an individual.

Respiration is the process of breathing in and out. It involves the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the body. During respiration, the lungs expand and contract, allowing air to enter and exit the body. This exchange of gases is essential for the body to obtain oxygen for cellular respiration, which is the process by which cells convert glucose into energy. Therefore, respiration is the correct answer as it accurately describes the act of breathing in and out.

The given answer, "safety," is the most appropriate choice to complete the sentence. When discussing the top priorities of residents, ensuring their safety is crucial. Safety encompasses various aspects such as protection from harm, security, and the prevention of accidents or dangers. Prioritizing safety demonstrates a commitment to the well-being and overall welfare of the residents.

Thorough and frequent hand washing helps prevent infection. Hand washing is a crucial practice to reduce the spread of harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, that can cause infections. By washing our hands properly and regularly, we can remove these pathogens from our hands and prevent them from entering our bodies through the mouth, nose, or eyes. This simple yet effective hygiene measure is especially important in healthcare settings and during times of outbreaks or pandemics to protect ourselves and others from getting sick.

This question is asking for an explanation of the phrase "Be sure you know emergency procedures before disaster strikes." The phrase is emphasizing the importance of being familiar with emergency procedures in advance, rather than waiting until a disaster occurs. By knowing and understanding emergency procedures beforehand, individuals can be better prepared to respond effectively and efficiently in times of crisis. It highlights the need for proactive preparation and emphasizes the significance of being ready for emergencies.

All restraints, such as physical restraints or chemical restraints, require a doctor's written orders. This means that a doctor must provide specific instructions in writing before any type of restraint can be used on a patient. This is to ensure that restraints are only used when absolutely necessary and that they are used in the safest and most appropriate manner. Written orders also serve as documentation and evidence of the medical necessity for using restraints, which is important for legal and ethical reasons.

The five stages of grief are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. These stages are commonly experienced by individuals when they are dealing with the loss of a loved one or a significant life change. Denial is the initial stage where the person may struggle to accept the reality of the situation. Anger follows, as the person may feel frustrated or resentful about their loss. Bargaining involves attempting to negotiate or make deals to change the outcome. Depression is a stage of deep sadness and withdrawal. Finally, acceptance is reached when the person comes to terms with their loss and begins to move forward.