Soal Uh-5 (Fungi) Bio X

Jamur karat tidak dapat dimakan karena memiliki kandungan racun yang berbahaya bagi manusia. Racun tersebut dapat menyebabkan keracunan jika dikonsumsi. Oleh karena itu, jamur karat tidak direkomendasikan untuk dikonsumsi sebagai makanan.

The correct answer is miselium. Miselium refers to a collection of fine threads in fungi that form a network-like structure. It is responsible for the absorption of nutrients and acts as the main vegetative body of the fungus. Sporangium, askospora, basidiospora, and spora are all reproductive structures in fungi, but miselium is the term used to describe the collection of fine threads.

The given options describe the characteristics of fungi. Fungi are known to have a body composed of hyphae, be heterotrophic, have eukaryotic cells, and live in slightly acidic and moist habitats. However, fungi are not capable of photosynthesis, which sets them apart from plants and some other organisms.

Plants and fungi differ in their mode of obtaining nutrients. Fungi are heterotrophic, meaning they obtain their nutrients by consuming organic matter from their environment. On the other hand, plants are autotrophic, meaning they can produce their own food through photosynthesis. This is a fundamental difference between the two groups, as it determines their ecological roles and impacts their overall biology and physiology.

The correct answer is "berupa talus - eukariotik - heterotrof." This is because fungi are characterized by having a thallus (a body that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves), being eukaryotic (having cells with a true nucleus), and being heterotrophic (obtaining nutrients by absorbing organic matter from their environment).

The correct answer is Rhizopus oryzae. Rhizopus oryzae is the mold used in the production of tempeh, a traditional Indonesian fermented soybean product. This mold is responsible for the fermentation process, breaking down the proteins and carbohydrates in the soybeans and transforming them into a nutritious and flavorful food product.

The correct answer is Ascomycota. Penicillium notatum and Penicillium chrysogenum are both species of fungi that belong to the phylum Ascomycota. Ascomycota is a diverse group of fungi that includes many important species, such as yeasts, molds, and truffles. They are characterized by their production of ascospores, which are produced in sac-like structures called asci. Ascomycota fungi are commonly found in soil, on decaying plant material, and as symbionts with plants. They play important roles in decomposition, nutrient cycling, and as pathogens of plants and animals.

Kelompok jamur Zygomycotina memiliki karakteristik yang mencakup hifa bersifat soenositik (nomor 1), memiliki dinding sel dari zat kitin (nomor 3), dan reproduksi generative dengan zigospora (nomor 6).

The correct answer is Neurospora crassa. Neurospora crassa is a type of fungus commonly used in the production of oncom, a traditional Indonesian food made from fermented soybean residue. It is known for its ability to produce enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates and proteins, which contributes to the unique flavor and texture of oncom.

Saccharomyces is needed to make alcohol because it is a type of yeast that is commonly used in the fermentation process. Yeast, specifically Saccharomyces, converts sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide through the process of fermentation. This process is commonly used in the production of alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, and spirits. Saccharomyces is preferred for its ability to efficiently convert sugars into alcohol and its tolerance to high alcohol concentrations. Other fungi mentioned in the options, such as Mucor, Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Rhizopus, do not have the same ability to produce alcohol through fermentation.

Based on the given characteristics, Faqih concluded that the organism belongs to the phylum Deuteromycota. This is because the organism is non-photosynthetic (lacks chlorophyll), has septate hyphae, and reproduces asexually by forming conidia. The phylum Deuteromycota, also known as Fungi Imperfecti, includes fungi that only reproduce asexually and do not have a known sexual reproductive stage.

Rhizopus sp is the correct answer because it belongs to the Zygomycota group of fungi. Zygomycota is a phylum of fungi that reproduce sexually by forming zygospores. Rhizopus is a common genus of fungi in this phylum, and it includes species such as Rhizopus stolonifer, commonly known as black bread mold. These fungi are characterized by their fast growth and ability to decompose organic matter.

The correct answer is Zygomycota. Zygomycota is a group of fungi that reproduce sexually by forming zygospores. They are characterized by their ability to produce hyphae that lack septa, and their mode of reproduction involves the fusion of two hyphae to form a zygospore. Examples of Zygomycota include bread molds and black molds.

Aspergillus flavus is a type of fungus that is known to produce a toxin called aflatoxin. Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen and can contaminate various crops, including peanuts, corn, and tree nuts. Therefore, the correct answer is Aspergillus flavus as it is the fungus responsible for producing aflatoxin.

Aspergillus flavus is the correct answer because it is a type of mold that commonly grows on peanuts and produces a toxin called aflatoxin. Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen and can contaminate peanuts and peanut products, posing a health risk if consumed. Therefore, it is important to prevent the growth of Aspergillus flavus on peanuts to ensure food safety.

Zygomycota fungi absorb their food through rhizoids, which are root-like structures that anchor the fungus to the substrate and also help in nutrient absorption. Rhizoids are found in the lower part of the fungal body and play a crucial role in absorbing nutrients from the environment. They are responsible for the absorption of water and minerals from the substrate, allowing the fungus to obtain the necessary nutrients for its growth and survival.

LingZhe is the correct answer because it is a type of mushroom that is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine for its medicinal properties. It has been used for centuries to boost the immune system, improve overall health, and treat various ailments. LingZhe contains bioactive compounds such as polysaccharides, triterpenes, and sterols, which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Therefore, it is commonly used as a medicinal mushroom.

The presence of consistent growth of the same type of fungus in a particular location from season to season suggests that there are remnants of spores in that place. Spores are reproductive structures that can lie dormant for extended periods and then germinate under favorable conditions to produce new fungal growth. This explanation aligns with the information given in the question and the correct answer choice.

Volvariela volvaceae is the correct answer because it is a type of mushroom that can be used as a food source. Other options such as Mucor sp, Ganoderma aplanatum, Amanita aplanoides, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae may have other uses or may not be suitable for consumption.

The correct answer is Basidium. Basidium is a specialized structure found in certain fungi, such as mushrooms, where spores are produced. In the given image, the mushroom is shown with its basidia, indicating that the spores are formed in this structure.

The correct answer is 1 dan 4 because the characteristics mentioned in options 1 and 4 match the given descriptions of the features of the fungus. The fact that the spores are produced inside bottle-shaped structures (option 1) and that the hyphae are segmented and have multiple nuclei (option 4) are both mentioned in the given descriptions.

Jamur tumbuh dengan baik di lingkungan yang mengandung zat-zat organik, kurang sinar matahari, lingkungan yang lembap, dan lingkungan yang berair. Namun, jamur tidak menyukai lingkungan yang sedikit asam.

The correct answer is "rizoid." Rizoids are structures found in certain plants, such as mosses and liverworts, that function as both absorptive organs for nutrients and as adhesive organs to anchor the plant to its substrate. Rizoids play a crucial role in the absorption of water and minerals from the environment, as well as providing stability and support to the plant.

Neurospora crassa and Penicillium notatum are important fungi from the Ascomycotina group that have significant roles and benefits for humans. Neurospora crassa is commonly used as a model organism in genetic and biochemical research, providing valuable insights into various biological processes. Penicillium notatum, on the other hand, is known for producing the antibiotic penicillin, which has revolutionized medicine by effectively treating bacterial infections. Both fungi have contributed greatly to scientific and medical advancements, making them important and beneficial to humans.

The correct answer is Rhizopus stolonifer.

Based on the given characteristics, the fungus is classified in the division Ascomycota. This is because Ascomycota fungi have septate and branched hyphae, they can reproduce both sexually and asexually, and they form fruiting bodies that produce eight haploid spores. Lichenes, Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, and Deuteromycota do not possess all of these characteristics, so they are not the correct answer.

The correct answer is A because Volvariella volvacea is known as the straw mushroom, which is a good source of protein. The other options do not match the given roles. Lentinus edodes is known as shiitake mushroom and is used in making cheese (option B). Aspergillus niger is used in making tape (option C). Aspergillus flavus is a parasitic fungus on plant stems (option D). Penicillium camemberti is used in producing antibiotics (option E).

Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum are useful fungi for humans. Aspergillus niger is used in the production of citric acid, which is widely used in the food and beverage industry as a preservative and flavor enhancer. It is also used in the production of enzymes and organic acids. Penicillium notatum is the source of the antibiotic penicillin, which has revolutionized medicine by effectively treating bacterial infections. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of various types of penicillin-based antibiotics.

Organisme yang termasuk ke dalam kingdom fungi memiliki ciri-ciri sebagai berikut: hidupnya saprofit/parasit, sel-sel penyusunnya telah memiliki inti sel, habitatnya di tempat yang kaya bahan organic, dan tidak mampu menyusun senyawa organic sendiri. Namun, mereka belum memiliki organ akar, batang, dan daun seperti pada tumbuhan.

Lumut kerak memiliki banyak manfaat bagi manusia, seperti digunakan dalam pembuatan obat, kertas lakmus, dan sebagai indikator pencemaran air. Namun, lumut kerak tidak digunakan sebagai penambah rasa atau aroma.