Science Exam Part 2

Directions (46–81): Record your answers in the space provided below each question. Base your answers to questions 46 and 47 on the information below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram below shows the results of a fruit fly activity that took place over a 20-day period. On day 1, four fruit flies were placed in a jar containing food and water. The jar had a cover that allowed enough air exchange for the fruit flies to survive, but would not allow them to escape or other flies to enter. The number of flies observed in the jar during the 20-day period is shown. 46 Identify the process responsible for the population change that occurred from day 1 to day 13. [1] ______________________________________________________

47 State one possible reason why many of the fruit flies died from day 13 to day 20. 

Base your answers to questions 48 and 49 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows information about the sexual reproduction and development of rabbits. 48 Identify the process occurring at A. [1] 

49 Identify the process occurring at B. [1]

Base your answers to questions 50 and 51 on the information about blood groups below. Human blood is classified into four blood types: A, B, AB, and O. An offspring’s blood type is determined by genes passed on from the offspring’s parents. Each parent gives an offspring one gene for blood type. The combination of the two genes determines the offspring’s blood type. There are three genes, A, B, and o, that are responsible for the four blood types. The table below shows how these three genes interact to produce the four blood types. 50 The Punnett square below shows the probability of blood types in the offspring of two parents. One parent’s blood type genes are AB and the other parent’s blood type genes are Ao. Based on this Punnett square, identify the expected percentage of offspring in each of the four blood types. [1]

Complete the Punnett square below, which shows a cross between two parents whose genes for blood type are AB. [1]

Base your answers to questions 52 and 53 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a typical plant cell and some of its parts.52 Which cell part directs the activities of the cell? [1]

53 Identify two cell parts that indicate this diagram represents a plant cell and not an animal cell.

Base your answers to questions 54 and 55 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a process that occurs in the leaf of a tree and other organisms containing chlorophyll. Energy, carbon dioxide, and water are taken in by the leaf and oxygen and sugar are produced. 54 Identify the process represented by this diagram. [1]

55 What form of energy is taken in by the leaf? [1]

56 The diagram below represents gas exchange between several different organisms. The animals in the diagram are dependent on the plants for oxygen. Identify one other way in which animals are dependent on plants. [1] 

Base your answers to questions 57 and 58 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows wind turbines that are used to generate electricity. 57 Describe one advantage (other than cost) of using wind turbines rather than burning fossil fuels to produce electricity. [1]

58 Describe one disadvantage (other than cost) of using wind turbines rather than burning fossil fuels to produce electricity. [1]

59 The diagram below shows Earth as viewed from space. What motion of Earth is represented by the arrow in the diagram? [1]

Base your answers to questions 60 through 62 on the information below and on your knowledge of science. The Moon orbits Earth in a regular and predictable motion. 60 Approximately how long does it take for one complete cycle of the Moon’s phases to occur? [1]

The Moon orbits Earth in a regular and predictable motion. 61 What is the major force that keeps the Moon in its orbit around Earth? [1]

The Moon orbits Earth in a regular and predictable motion. 62 Identify one observable event, other than the Moon’s phases, caused by the Moon orbiting Earth. [1]

Base your answers to questions 63 and 64 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows the position of Earth in relation to the Sun on December 21, which is the first day of winter in the Northern Hemisphere. The shaded area represents the portion of Earth experiencing nighttime. skip this question63 The diagram below shows Earth in relation to the Sun on June 21, which is the first day of summer in the Northern Hemisphere. Draw and label the positions of the North and South Poles on the diagram. [1]

Skip this question On the diagram below, shade the portion of Earth experiencing nighttime on June 21. [1]

Base your answers to questions 65 and 66 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows the rock cycle in Earth’s crust. 65 What type of rock forms directly from magma? [1] 

66 Identify two processes required for the formation of a sedimentary rock. 

Base your answers to questions 67 and 68 on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram shows a boundary between crustal plates. The arrows show the direction of plate movement. 67 What theory is used to explain the movement of crustal plates? 

68 Identify one geologic event that often occurs near this type of crustal plate boundary.

69 The diagram below shows a lightbulb, battery, and switch connected by wires. Explain why the lightbulb is not lit when the switch is in the position shown. 

70 The diagrams below show three situations in which sugar will dissolve in water. Identify two variables that affect the rate at which the sugar will dissolve in the water.