SCID 243 - Quiz 1 - Pharynx & Larynx

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  • 1/7 Questions

    A 60-year-old man has occasional blackouts and light-headedness. Studies reveal atherosclerotic plaques within the common carotid arteries and the bifurcation of the vessels. A carotid endartectomy is undertaken. Which nerve bundle running vertically within the carotid sheath must the surgeon be careful not to injure?

    • Accessory
    • Cervical sympathetic trunk
    • Glossopharyngeal
    • Hypoglossal
    • Vagus
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About This Quiz

SCID 243 - Quiz 1 focuses on the anatomy and potential complications related to the pharynx and larynx, particularly after surgical interventions. It assesses knowledge on nerve damage and its effects on voice and swallowing, crucial for medical students and professionals.

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  • 2. 

    Twenty-four hours following a partial thyroidectomy where the inferior thyroid artery was also ligated (tied off), the patient now spoke with a hoarse voice (whisper), and had difficulty in breathing. Which nerve was injured?

    • Internal branch of superior laryngeal

    • Ansa cervicalis

    • Ansa subclavia

    • Recurrent laryngeal

    • External branch of superior laryngeal

    Correct Answer
    A. Recurrent laryngeal
    Explanation
    The recurrent laryngeal nerve runs with the inferior thyroid artery toward the lower lobes of the thyroid. This means that the recurrent laryngeal nerve would be at risk in any surgery involving the inferior thyroid artery or the inferior poles of the thyroid.

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  • 3. 

    Following thyroid surgery, it was noted that a patient frequently aspirated fluid into her lungs. Upon examination it was determined that the area of the piriform recess above the vocal fold of the larynx was numb. What nerve may have been injured?

    • External branch of the superior pharyngeal

    • Hypoglossal

    • Internal branch of the superior laryngeal

    • Lingual

    • Recurrent laryngeal

    Correct Answer
    A. Internal branch of the superior laryngeal
    Explanation
    The internal branch of the superior laryngeal is a sensory nerve that pierces the thyrohyoid membrane along with the superior laryngeal artery. It supplies sensory fibers to the mucous membrane of the larynx, superior to the vocal folds. Since this area lost sensation, it appears that the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve must have been injured.

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  • 4. 

    The vocalis muscle is most responsible for the fine control of phonation because of its attachment into the: ________

    • Arytenoid cartilage

    • Cricoid cartilage

    • Thyroid cartilage

    • Vestibular ligament

    • Vocal ligament

    Correct Answer
    A. Vocal ligament
    Explanation
    Vocalis represents the innermost fibers of the thyroarytenoid muscle, from the inner surface of the thyroid cartilage. Because vocalis inserts on the vocal ligament, it can relax very specific segments of the vocal ligament to adjust the pitch.

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  • 5. 

    Any manipulation of the superior thyroid artery must be undertaken with care not to damage its small companion nerve, the: ______

    • Cervical sympathetic trunk

    • External branch of the superior laryngeal

    • Inferior root of the ansa cervicalis

    • Internal branch of the superior laryngeal

    • Recurrent laryngeal

    Correct Answer
    A. External branch of the superior laryngeal
    Explanation
    The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve runs with the superior thyroid artery--this artery and nerve might be damaged when removing the superior pole of the thyroid. If this nerve was damaged, the cricothyroid muscle would be paralyzed, and a patient would be unable to tense the vocal cords.

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  • 6. 

    A 55-year-old woman has difficulty swallowing and frequently aspirates fluids while drinking. She is diagnosed as having a skull base tumor occupying the space behind the jugular foramen. Involvement of which structure is responsible for the findings? 

    • Ansa cervicalis

    • Cervical sympathetic trunk

    • Accessory nerve

    • Hypoglossal nerve

    • Vagus

    Correct Answer
    A. Vagus
    Explanation
    The vagus nerve, which exits the skull through the jugular foramen, is the motor nerve to the pharynx. So, it allows for swallowing. This patient's symptoms and the location of the tumor clearly point to an injury of the vagus nerve.

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  • 7. 

    The carotid body is innervated by a branch of the: _________

    • Glossopharyngeal nerve

    • Hypoglossal nerve

    • Spinal accessory nerve

    • Sympathetic trunk

    • Vagus nerve

    Correct Answer
    A. Glossopharyngeal nerve
    Explanation
    The carotid body is innervated by the carotid branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. It is a small, reddish-brown ovoid mass that lies on the medial side of the carotid bifurcation, serving as a chemoreceptor that monitors the level of carbon dioxide in the blood.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 23, 2015
    Quiz Created by
    Permphan
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