Review 3 Zoo Practical 2
Comparative Anatomy of the Postcranial Skeleton Lab. Review Quiz.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The appendicular skeleton includes:
- A.
Pectoral girdle
- B.
Pelvic girdle
- C.
Skull
- D.
Sternum
- E.
Limbs/appendages/fins
Correct Answer(s)
A. Pectoral girdle
B. Pelvic girdle
E. Limbs/appendages/finsExplanation
The appendicular skeleton consists of the pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and the limbs or appendages. The pectoral girdle refers to the bones that connect the upper limbs to the axial skeleton, including the clavicles and scapulae. The pelvic girdle, on the other hand, connects the lower limbs to the axial skeleton and consists of the hip bones. Limbs or appendages are the extremities of the body, including the arms, legs, and fins in aquatic animals. These structures allow for movement and locomotion.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The axial skeleton includes:
- A.
Pectoral girdle
- B.
Skull
- C.
Pelvic girdle
- D.
Sternum
- E.
Limbs/appendages/fins
- F.
Ribs
- G.
Vertebrae
Correct Answer(s)
B. Skull
D. Sternum
F. Ribs
G. VertebraeExplanation
The axial skeleton refers to the central structure of the skeleton that includes the skull, sternum, ribs, and vertebrae. These bones are located along the central axis of the body and provide support and protection for vital organs. The pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle, and limbs/appendages/fins are not part of the axial skeleton as they are considered part of the appendicular skeleton, which is responsible for movement and locomotion.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is indicated by the purple pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
subscapulaExplanation
The purple pointer indicates the subscapula.Rate this question:
- 4.
What is indicated by the yellow pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
coracoidExplanation
The yellow pointer indicates the coracoid.Rate this question:
- 5.
What is indicated by the blue pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
sternumExplanation
The blue pointer indicates the sternum.Rate this question:
- 6.
What is indicated by the black pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
scapulaExplanation
The black pointer is indicating the scapula.Rate this question:
- 7.
What is indicated by the red pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
interclavicleExplanation
The red pointer indicates the interclavicle.Rate this question:
- 8.
What is indicated by the green pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
glenoid fossaExplanation
The green pointer indicates the glenoid fossa.Rate this question:
- 9.
What is missing on this specimen (white square) that should be attached to the structure indicated by the red pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
clavicleExplanation
The specimen is missing the clavicle, which should be attached to the structure indicated by the red pointer.Rate this question:
- 10.
What is the name for the round holes found in this pectoral girdle?
Correct Answer(s)
fenestraeExplanation
Fenestrae is the correct answer because it refers to the round holes found in the pectoral girdle. Fenestrae are commonly seen in the skeletal structures of various animals, including birds and reptiles. These holes serve different purposes, such as reducing the weight of the bones or providing attachment points for muscles and ligaments. In the context of the pectoral girdle, fenestrae are important for allowing flexibility and movement in the shoulder region.Rate this question:
- 11.
What is the structure indicated by the purple pointer composed of?
Correct Answer(s)
cartilageExplanation
The structure indicated by the purple pointer is composed of cartilage.Rate this question:
- 12.
What is the name for a hoofed animal?
Correct Answer(s)
ungulateExplanation
An ungulate is the name for a hoofed animal.Rate this question:
- 13.
__________ locomotion also means "fast running".
Correct Answer(s)
cursorialExplanation
Cursorial locomotion refers to the ability of an animal to run quickly. The word "cursorial" is derived from the Latin word "cursor," which means "runner." Therefore, the correct answer is "cursorial" because it directly translates to "fast running."Rate this question:
- 14.
Running speed is a function of two basic factors: ______ ___ ___ _____ and speed of limb movement.
- A.
Stride of the animal
- B.
Length of the stride
- C.
Movement of the stride
- D.
Quickness of step
Correct Answer
B. Length of the strideExplanation
Running speed is determined by two main factors: the length of the stride and the speed of limb movement. A longer stride allows an animal to cover more ground with each step, resulting in a greater distance covered over time. Additionally, the speed at which an animal moves its limbs also contributes to its running speed. By increasing both the length of the stride and the speed of limb movement, an animal can achieve a faster running speed.Rate this question:
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- 15.
T/F: Length of stride is commonly increased by increasing the length of the legs.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Increasing the length of the legs can indeed increase the length of the stride. This is because longer legs provide a greater distance between each step, allowing for a longer stride. Additionally, longer legs can also provide more power and leverage, which can further contribute to an increased stride length. Therefore, it is true that lengthening the legs commonly leads to an increase in the length of the stride.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A collective term for the metacarpals and metatarsals is _______________.
Correct Answer
metapodialsExplanation
The correct answer is "metapodials." The metacarpals and metatarsals are bones in the hands and feet, respectively. They are collectively referred to as metapodials.Rate this question:
- 17.
Another term for the WRIST is _______.
Correct Answer
carpusExplanation
The term "carpus" is another word for the wrist. It refers to the group of bones located between the forearm and the hand, which includes the eight small bones that make up the wrist joint.Rate this question:
- 18.
Another term for the HEEL is _______.
Correct Answer
tarsusExplanation
The term "tarsus" is another word used to refer to the heel. The tarsus is a group of seven bones in the foot that includes the heel bone, also known as the calcaneus. Therefore, tarsus is a correct alternative term for the heel.Rate this question:
- 19.
Another term for the TOES is _______.
Correct Answer
digitsExplanation
The term "TOES" refers to the toes of a person. Another term for the toes is "digits."Rate this question:
- 20.
Which are examples of the STANCE of an animal?
- A.
Plantigrade
- B.
Digitigrade
- C.
Unguligrade
Correct Answer(s)
A. Plantigrade
B. Digitigrade
C. UnguligradeExplanation
The examples provided, plantigrade, digitigrade, and unguligrade, are all different stances of animals. Plantigrade refers to animals that walk on the soles of their feet, such as humans and bears. Digitigrade refers to animals that walk on their toes, such as dogs and cats. Unguligrade refers to animals that walk on the tips of their toes, such as horses and deer. These examples demonstrate different ways in which animals distribute their weight and move on their limbs.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Animals that stand primarily on all of their digits is considered a ___________ animal.
Correct Answer(s)
digitigradeExplanation
A digitigrade animal is one that primarily stands on its digits, with the rest of its foot elevated off the ground. This type of locomotion is commonly seen in animals such as dogs, cats, and birds. By standing on their digits, these animals have a more efficient and agile way of moving. This adaptation allows them to move quickly and quietly, making them effective hunters or escape artists.Rate this question:
- 22.
Animals that stand primarily on all structures of their feet are conisdered _____________ animals.
Correct Answer(s)
plantigradeExplanation
Animals that stand primarily on all structures of their feet are considered plantigrade animals. This means that their entire foot, from the heel to the toes, comes into contact with the ground when they walk or run. Examples of plantigrade animals include humans, bears, and raccoons. This is in contrast to digitigrade animals, such as dogs and cats, who walk on their toes, and unguligrade animals, such as horses and deer, who walk on the tips of their toes or hooves.Rate this question:
- 23.
Animals that stand primarily on the tips of their toes are considered ____________ animals.
Correct Answer(s)
unguligradeExplanation
Unguligrade animals are those that primarily stand on the tips of their toes. This means that their weight is borne by their hooves or claws, rather than the entire foot. This adaptation allows for greater speed and agility, as well as specialized movements such as galloping or climbing. Examples of unguligrade animals include horses, deer, and cats.Rate this question:
- 24.
Which animals are examples of plantigrade?
- A.
Rat
- B.
Cat
- C.
Marmoset
- D.
Armadillo
- E.
Bat
- F.
Chicken
- G.
Horse
- H.
Cow
- I.
Iguana
Correct Answer(s)
A. Rat
C. Marmoset
I. IguanaExplanation
Rat, Marmoset, and Iguana are examples of plantigrade animals. Plantigrade refers to the way an animal walks, with the entire sole of the foot contacting the ground. These animals walk on the soles of their feet, with the bones and joints of the foot and ankle being flat on the ground. In contrast, animals like cats and dogs are digitigrade, walking on their toes, while animals like horses and cows are unguligrade, walking on the tips of their toes (hooves).Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which animals are examples of unguligrade?
- A.
Rat
- B.
Cat
- C.
Marmoset
- D.
Armadillo
- E.
Bat
- F.
Chicken
- G.
Horse
- H.
Cow
- I.
Iguana
Correct Answer(s)
F. Chicken
G. Horse
H. CowExplanation
Unguligrade refers to animals that walk on the tips of their toes, with the rest of the foot being raised off the ground. Chickens, horses, and cows are all examples of unguligrade animals because they walk on their hooves, which are the tips of their toes.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which animals are examples of digitigrade?
- A.
Rat
- B.
Cat
- C.
Marmoset
- D.
Armadillo
- E.
Bat
- F.
Chicken
- G.
Horse
- H.
Cow
- I.
Iguana
Correct Answer(s)
B. Cat
D. ArmadilloExplanation
Digitigrade refers to animals that walk on their toes, with the heel raised off the ground. Cats and armadillos are examples of digitigrade animals because they walk on their toes, with their heels elevated.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Animals which have evolved adaptations for digging and burrowing are called ______________.
Correct Answer(s)
fossorialExplanation
Animals that have developed specific features and behaviors for digging and burrowing are referred to as "fossorial." This adaptation allows them to create underground tunnels and burrows for various purposes, such as protection, shelter, or finding food. These animals often have specialized limbs, claws, or snouts that enable them to efficiently excavate soil or create intricate tunnel systems. By being fossorial, these animals can thrive in environments where digging and burrowing provide them with a survival advantage.Rate this question:
- 28.
What is indicated by the green pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
3rd and 4th MetapodialExplanation
The green pointer indicates the 3rd and 4th metapodial.Rate this question:
- 29.
What is indicated by the red pointers?
Correct Answer(s)
3rd and 4th DigitsExplanation
The red pointers indicate the 3rd and 4th digits.Rate this question:
- 30.
What is indicated by the purple pointers?
Correct Answer(s)
2nd and 4th metapodialsExplanation
The purple pointers indicate the 2nd and 4th metapodials.Rate this question:
- 31.
What is indicated by the red pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
ulnaExplanation
The red pointer indicates the ulna.Rate this question:
- 32.
What is indicated by the black pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
radiusExplanation
The black pointer indicates the radius.Rate this question:
- 33.
What is indicated by the blue pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
3rd metapodialExplanation
The blue pointer indicates the 3rd metapodial.Rate this question:
- 34.
What is indicated by the red circle?
Correct Answer(s)
carpusExplanation
The red circle indicates the carpus.Rate this question:
- 35.
What stance is this animal?
Correct Answer(s)
plantigradeExplanation
This animal is in a plantigrade stance, which means that it walks on the soles of its feet with the entire foot touching the ground. This is different from other stances such as digitigrade, where only the toes touch the ground, or unguligrade, where only the hooves touch the ground.Rate this question:
- 36.
What stance is this animal?
Correct Answer(s)
unguligradeExplanation
Unguligrade refers to the stance of an animal that walks on the tips of its toes, with the weight of its body supported by hooves or nails. This type of stance is commonly seen in animals such as horses, deer, and goats. The term "unguligrade" is derived from the Latin words "ungula" meaning "hoof" and "gradus" meaning "step".Rate this question:
- 37.
What stance is this animal?
Correct Answer(s)
unguligradeExplanation
Unguligrade refers to the stance of an animal that walks on the tips of its toes, with the heel and wrist elevated. This type of stance is commonly seen in hooved animals such as horses, deer, and cows. The word "unguligrade" is derived from the Latin words "ungula" meaning "hoof" and "gradus" meaning "step". Animals with an unguligrade stance have adapted to distribute their weight evenly and efficiently while moving, allowing for swift and agile locomotion.Rate this question:
- 38.
What is indicated by the blue pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
mammillary processesExplanation
The blue pointer indicates the mammillary processes.Rate this question:
- 39.
What is indicated by the red pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
calcaneusExplanation
The red pointer indicates the calcaneus.Rate this question:
- 40.
What is indicated by the purple pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
olecranon processExplanation
The purple pointer indicates the olecranon process.Rate this question:
- 41.
What is indicated by the orange pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
xenarthrous - 42.
What is needed for an animal to be capable of powered flight?
- A.
Strong axial support structure
- B.
Large attachment surfaces for powerful wing muscles
- C.
Light body weight
- D.
Light but strong wings
- E.
Tail
Correct Answer(s)
A. Strong axial support structure
B. Large attachment surfaces for powerful wing muscles
C. Light body weight
D. Light but strong wingsExplanation
To be capable of powered flight, an animal needs a strong axial support structure to provide stability and withstand the forces generated during flight. Large attachment surfaces for powerful wing muscles are necessary to generate the necessary lift and propulsion. A light body weight is important to reduce energy expenditure and allow for efficient flight. Additionally, the wings must be light but strong to withstand the stresses of flight. A tail, while beneficial for maneuverability in some flying animals, is not necessarily a requirement for powered flight.Rate this question:
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- 43.
In the larget bones of the girdles and limbs in birds, the marrow cavity is largely replaced by extensions of body air sacs that are connected with the lungs, in a process called ________________.
Correct Answer(s)
pneumatizationExplanation
The process described in the question is called pneumatization. In birds, the marrow cavity in the large bones of the girdles and limbs is replaced by extensions of body air sacs that are connected with the lungs. This adaptation allows for a reduction in weight and increased buoyancy, making it easier for birds to fly. Pneumatization also provides a network of air passages that contribute to efficient respiration in birds.Rate this question:
- 44.
What is the black circle composed of?
Correct Answer(s)
dermal bonesExplanation
The black circle is composed of dermal bones.Rate this question:
- 45.
What is indicated by the red pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
pygostyle - 46.
What is indicated by the purple pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
synsacrumExplanation
The purple pointer indicates the synsacrum.Rate this question:
- 47.
What is indicated by the black pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
uncinate processExplanation
The black pointer indicates the uncinate process.Rate this question:
- 48.
What is indicated by the orange pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
sternumExplanation
The orange pointer is indicating the sternum.Rate this question:
- 49.
What is indicated by the blue pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
keel
carinaExplanation
The blue pointer indicates both the keel and the carina.Rate this question:
- 50.
What is indicated by the green pointer?
Correct Answer(s)
fibulaExplanation
The green pointer indicates the fibula.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 27, 2011Quiz Created by
Prowlingpangolin
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