Science Quiz: Physiology Of Gas Exchange

2.

What percentage of Oxygen makes up air?

31%
40%
21%
50%

Correct Answer

A. 21%

Explanation

Oxygen makes up approximately 21% of the air. This is a well-known fact in atmospheric science. The other options provided, such as 31%, 40%, and 50%, do not accurately represent the percentage of oxygen in the air.

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3.

What units are used to describe the measure of Atmospheric Pressure?

Cm (Centimetres)
MmHg (millimetres of mercury)
Mm (Millimetres)
Ng (Nanograms)

Correct Answer

A. MmHg (millimetres of mercury)

Explanation

Remember that atmospheric pressure at sea level = 760mmHg

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4.

Gaseous exchange occurs at alveoli and cellular level using what principle?

Diffusion
Osmosis
Transport
Convection

Correct Answer

A. Diffusion

Explanation

Remember that gaseous exchange results when there is a difference in partial pressure across a semi-permeable membrane - movement occurs across a pressure gradient

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5.

External respiration can be described as?

The exchange of gases at a cellular level within the body
The active process of inhalation
The exchange of gases at alveoli level within the lungs
The passive process of exhalation

Correct Answer

A. The exchange of gases at alveoli level within the lungs

Explanation

External respiration refers to the exchange of gases between the lungs and the external environment. It specifically occurs at the alveoli level within the lungs, where oxygen is taken in from the air and carbon dioxide is released. This process allows for the oxygenation of blood and the removal of waste gases, enabling the transportation of oxygen to cells and the removal of carbon dioxide from the body.

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6.

Oxygen is transported in the blood by binding to?

White Blood Cells
Plasma
Haemoglobin
Water

Correct Answer

A. Haemoglobin

Explanation

Oxygen is transported in the blood by binding to haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that has a high affinity for oxygen. When oxygen enters the lungs, it binds to haemoglobin molecules in red blood cells, forming oxyhemoglobin. This oxyhemoglobin is then carried through the bloodstream to the body's tissues, where it releases oxygen for cellular respiration.

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7.

How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

By combing with water in the plasma to produce bicarbonate
Binding to white blood cells
Binding to plasma
Binding with haemoglobin

Correct Answer

A. By combing with water in the plasma to produce bicarbonate

Explanation

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood by combining with water in the plasma to produce bicarbonate. This process, known as carbonic anhydrase, occurs in red blood cells. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into the bloodstream and is converted into bicarbonate ions. These ions are then transported in the plasma to the lungs, where they are converted back into carbon dioxide and released from the body through exhalation. This bicarbonate buffering system helps maintain the pH balance in the blood and ensures efficient transport of carbon dioxide.

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8.

The diffusion of O2 and CO2 at a cellular level is described as?

Internal respiration
External respiration
Gas transfer
Gas transport

Correct Answer

A. Internal respiration

Explanation

Internal respiration refers to the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) between the cells and the surrounding tissues. It occurs at a cellular level, where oxygen is taken up by the cells for cellular respiration, and carbon dioxide is released as a waste product. This process is essential for providing oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide, allowing for proper cellular function and metabolism. External respiration, on the other hand, refers to the exchange of gases between the lungs and the external environment. Gas transfer and gas transport are broader terms that encompass various processes involved in the movement of gases within the body.

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9.

Which vessel(s) carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

Left and Right Pulmonary Arteries
Pulmonary Capillaries
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
Right and Left Pulmonary veins

Correct Answer

A. Left and Right Pulmonary Arteries

Explanation

The left and right pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. These arteries are responsible for transporting blood from the heart to the lungs, where it can be oxygenated. Once the blood reaches the lungs, it is able to release carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen, becoming oxygenated and ready to be returned to the heart.

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10.

Oxygen rich blood is pumped out of which chamber of the heart into the aorta?

Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Right Atrium
Left Atrium

Correct Answer

A. Left Ventricle

Explanation

The left ventricle is responsible for pumping oxygen-rich blood out of the heart into the aorta. It receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and contracts to push the blood into the largest artery of the body, the aorta. This oxygen-rich blood is then distributed to the rest of the body through the systemic circulation.

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4

Science Quiz: Physiology Of Gas Exchange

Air comprises the following components?

Quiz Preview

What percentage of Oxygen makes up air?

What units are used to describe the measure of Atmospheric Pressure?

Gaseous exchange occurs at alveoli and cellular level using what principle?

External respiration can be described as?

Oxygen is transported in the blood by binding to?

How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

The diffusion of O2 and CO2 at a cellular level is described as?

Which vessel(s) carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

Oxygen rich blood is pumped out of which chamber of the heart into the aorta?