IBM Rup Preparation Test

In basic UML notation, an actor is represented by a stick figure. This symbolizes a role played by a user or an external system that interacts with the system being modeled. The stick figure represents the human or system entity that interacts with the software system, without providing any internal details or implementation specifics.

An iterative lifecycle enables user/customers to participate in the development process potentially every iteration to review releases and provide input. This means that at the end of each iteration, the user/customer can review the progress made, provide feedback, and suggest any changes or improvements they would like to see. This allows for continuous collaboration and ensures that the final product meets the needs and expectations of the user/customer.

In the Elaboration phase of the software development lifecycle, the primary focus is on defining the software architecture. This phase involves gathering requirements, analyzing them, and creating a high-level design for the software system. It is during this phase that the overall structure and organization of the software, including the key components and their interactions, are determined. The Elaboration phase sets the foundation for the subsequent phases of implementation, design, and transition, where the detailed design, coding, testing, and deployment of the software take place.

The correct answer is "The architecture is stable." In the Elaboration phase, it is important for the architecture of the project to be stable. This means that the overall structure and design of the system have been finalized and are not likely to undergo major changes. A stable architecture ensures that the project can move forward with confidence and that subsequent phases of development can proceed smoothly. It also allows for more accurate estimation of resources and timelines for the project.

The correct answer is Inception 5% Elaboration 20% Construction 65% Transition 10%. This breakdown of total project effort is based on the typical distribution of effort across the different phases of a project. Inception, which is the initial phase of a project, requires the least amount of effort as it involves gathering requirements and defining the project scope. Elaboration, the next phase, requires more effort as it involves detailed planning and design. Construction, the main development phase, requires the highest amount of effort as it involves coding and testing. Transition, the final phase, requires a smaller amount of effort as it involves deployment and user training.

An iteration plan is a fine-grained plan that outlines the specific tasks, timelines, and deliverables for a short development cycle within a larger project. It breaks down the work into smaller increments, allowing for better control and management of the development process. This plan is typically used in Agile or iterative development methodologies, where the project is divided into multiple iterations or sprints. The iteration plan helps the team to prioritize and schedule their work, ensuring that they can deliver incremental value to the stakeholders at the end of each iteration.

An iteration is a defined period of time in which a specific set of tasks and goals are accomplished. It is essentially a mini project within a larger project. During an iteration, there is always a plan in place that outlines the tasks to be completed and the goals to be achieved. Additionally, there are evaluation criteria that are used to assess the success and progress of the iteration. This allows for continuous improvement and adjustment of the project as it moves forward.

An iterative approach helps with resource and cost control by allowing the Project Manager to control the allocation of resources by phase. This means that resources can be allocated as needed for each phase of the project, ensuring that they are used efficiently and effectively. Additionally, the artifacts of the project evolve as required by each phase, allowing for more accurate and precise cost estimates as the project progresses. This helps the Project Manager to better manage and control costs throughout the project.

The two concepts that guide iterative development are early baselining of architecture, allowing stability in planning, content, and organization, and scope validation by stakeholders, to account for their needs. Early baselining of architecture refers to establishing a solid foundation for the project's architecture early on, ensuring stability and providing a framework for planning and organizing future iterations. Scope validation by stakeholders involves continuously involving stakeholders in the development process to validate and adjust the project's scope based on their needs and requirements. These two concepts help ensure a structured and iterative approach to development.

The duration of an iteration is determined by two factors: the size of the project and the level of automation used to manage code, distribute information, and perform testing. The size of the project affects the amount of work that needs to be completed during the iteration, while the level of automation can speed up or slow down the process depending on the efficiency of the tools and processes used. The other options, such as the priority set by the customer on particular features and the requirement for a minimum of six iterations, are not mentioned as factors that determine the duration of an iteration.

An executable architecture is a validation of the architecture because it allows developers to test and verify that the architecture design is functioning as intended. It serves as a testable version of the system, allowing for early identification and resolution of any architectural issues or flaws. Additionally, the executable architecture serves as the baseline for the rest of the development process, providing a solid foundation upon which further development can be built.

Task and Role are the two model elements that can be linked to descriptors. Descriptors are used to provide additional information or attributes to model elements. In this case, both tasks and roles can have descriptors associated with them to provide more details or characteristics. For example, a task descriptor could include information about the priority or deadline of the task, while a role descriptor could include information about the responsibilities or qualifications of the role.

The risk-time profile declines more rapidly for iterative development than waterfall development because iterative development exposes design flaws and enables resolution earlier in the lifecycle. This means that any issues or problems with the design can be identified and addressed earlier, reducing the risk of them causing significant problems later on. Additionally, iterative development allows key, non-functional requirements such as performance, fault tolerance, and maintainability to be addressed early in the development process, further mitigating risks associated with these factors.

During the Construction phase of a project, a typical iteration involves a significant amount of testing. This is because the focus shifts from planning and design to actually building and implementing the project. Testing helps ensure that the developed features and functionality are working correctly and meeting the requirements.

Additionally, the Risk List is updated during the Construction phase. This is because as the project progresses and new features are implemented, new risks may arise or existing risks may change. It is important to continuously update the Risk List to identify and address any potential risks that could impact the success of the project.

Iterative development allows key, non-functional requirements to be addressed early in development. This means that the development case for the project is included, as it outlines the goals and objectives of the development process. It also involves high-level, coarse-grained planning of the four phases, which helps in identifying the initial business and technical risks that need to be addressed. Additionally, a significant amount of effort is spent on the development of the vision and business case, as these are crucial components in guiding the iterative development process.